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Flashcards in Interpreting evidence Deck (10)
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1
Q

name some different data types

A

numerical data: continuous, discrete

categorical data: ordinal, nominal

2
Q

when is standard deviation more appropriate

A

when the data is not skewed

if skewed then use an interquartile range

3
Q

what does 25th percentile mean

A

25% of data lies below this value

4
Q

what is standard deviation

A

determines how far from the mean value each individual value is and summarizing this difference across all observations

5
Q

what does positively skewed mean

A

the data lies towards the lower end of the scale

6
Q

what is the event rate

A

the number of people experiencing an event as a proportion of the number of people in the population

7
Q

what is the relative risk reduction

A

the difference in event rates between two groups, expressed as a proportion of the event rate in the untreated group
usually constant across populations with different risks

8
Q

what is the absolute risk reduction

A

the arithmetic difference between 2 event rates

varies with the underlying risk of an event in the individual patient

becomes smaller when event rates are low (e.g. low risk patients vs high risk patients)

9
Q

what is the number needed to treat

A

the number of patients who would have to receive a treatment for one of them to benefit

calculated by 100/ absolute risk reduction (percentage)

10
Q

what is the number needed to harm

A

the number of patients who would have to receive a treatment for one of them to experience the adverse effect

calculated by 100/ absolute risk increase (percentage)
ie the inverse of the absolute risk reduction