Flashcards in Neurology questions Deck (63)
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1
what type of dementia is more common in men and typically causes focal damage and early dysphasia
vascular
2
what is a neurofibroma
benign peripheral nervous system tumour
3
what is a schwaanoma
a benign primary tumour of cranial nerve 8
4
what is an astrocytoma
the commonest type of glioma and occurs on a spectrum with an increasing grade of malignancy
5
what proportion of those who suffer a first episode of schizophrenia will go on to suffer other episodes
80%
6
what are the features of lewy body dementia
paranoid delusions, hallucinations, and is often made worse by the use of neuroleptics
changes in thinking and reasoning
confusion and variable alertness
Parkinson's symptoms
hallucinations and delusions
7
what structures are found within the parotid gland
branches of external carotid
facial nerve
retromandibular vein
8
how is schizophrenia treated
first generation classical neuroleptics and second generation atypical neuroleptics
9
what drug is used to treat schizophrenia and is a selective D2 receptor antagonist
amisulpride
10
what artery arises at the lower border of digastric muscle, opposite the origin of the facial artery
occipital artery
11
what artery can be divided into three parts in relation to the lateral pterygoid muscle
maxillary artery
12
what artery turns upwards onto the face at the anterior border of the masseter
facial artery
13
what muscle is assisted by the atlanto occipital joint when nodding
sternocleidomastoid
14
what is the innervation of sternocleidomastoid
accessory nerve
15
which muscle elevates the hyoid and the floor of the mouth
mylohyoid
16
what are the features of mylohyoid
muscle running from the mandible to the hyoid bone forming the floor of the oral cavity
derived from the first pharyngeal arch
immediately superior to the anterior belly of digastric
innervated by inferior alveolar nerve
17
what is the function of mylohyoid
elevates the hyoid and tongue
depresses the mandible
reinforces the floor of the mouth
18
what is risperidone used to treat
psychosis and bipolar
atypical antipsychotic
blocks a mixture of receptor types
19
name some acquired prion diseases
fatal familial insomnia
kuru
variant CJD
20
which facial layer encloses the spinal accessory nerve within the posterior triangle
investing
21
what receptors does ketamine act on
glutamate
22
what is the function of sternothyroid
draws the larynx downwards
23
what are the benefits of offering patients relaxation techniques before surgery
earlier discharge and less post operative pain medication
24
what are the features of haloperidol
it is a butyrophenone
has a high incidence of extrapyramidal side effects
used to treat psychosis and similar conditions
25
what is tardive dyskinesia
involuntary repetitive body movements
slow onset
most frequently caused by long term use of antipsychotics
26
what is amisupride
atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia
D2 and D3 receptor antagonist
also used to treat depression
27
what is aripiprazole
atypical antipsychotic
blocks both dopamine and 5HT receptors
28
what is chlorpromazine
antipsychotic medication
D2, histamine, muscarinic and serotonin antagonist
29
what is quetiapine
atypical antipsychotic
dopamine receptor antagonist
targets alpha adrenoreceptors
30
