Joints/articulations

Question 1

What is a joint/articulation

Answer 1

place where two bones meet

Question 2

What 2 ways are joints classified

Answer 2

1. structurally 2. functionally

Question 3

What are the 3 functional classifications of joints

Answer 3

1. synarthroses 2. Amphiarthroses 3. Diarthroses

Question 4

Synarthroses

Answer 4

allow no movement

Question 5

Amphiarthroses

Answer 5

allow slight movement

Question 6

Diarthroses

Answer 6

freely moveable

Question 7

Most joints are

Answer 7

Diarthroses

Question 8

What are the 3 structural classifications of joints

Answer 8

1. Fibrous 2. Cartilaginous 3. Synovial

Question 9

Fibrous joints

Answer 9

Made up of fibrous connective tissue

Question 10

What are the 3 types of fibrous joints

Answer 10

Gomphoses (teeth), sutures, syndesmoses (radius and ulna)

Question 11

What is the range of motion of fibrous joints

Answer 11

Synarthrotic and Amphiarthrotic

Question 12

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 12

1. Synchondroses (ribs) 2. Symphyses (pubic symphysis)

Question 13

Most of the body’s joints are what structural classification

Answer 13

Synovial

Question 14

All synovial joints are

Answer 14

diarthrotic

Question 15

What are the 6 classifications of synovial joints from least to most mobile

Answer 15

1. Plane joints 2. Hinge joints 3. Pivot joints 4. Condylar joints 5. Saddle joints 6. Ball and socket joints

Question 16

Plane joints

Answer 16

Formed by two flat surfaces (between carpals)

Question 17

Hinge joints

Answer 17

One bone sits in depression of another (elbow)

Question 18

Pivot joints

Answer 18

One bone pivots around another (C1 and C2)

Question 19

Condylar joints

Answer 19

One bone with convex surface articulates with a concave surface (knuckles)

Question 20

Saddle joints

Answer 20

Articulating surfaces are saddle shaped (thumb)

Question 21

Ball and socket joints

Answer 21

Head of one bone fits into cup-shaped socket of another bone (shoulder)

Question 22

Angular motions

Answer 22

Movements that involve increasing or decreasing the angle between two bones

Question 23

What 5 movements are included in angular motions

Answer 23

1. Flexion and extension 2. Hyperextension 3. Lateral flexion 4. Abduction and adduction 5. Circumduction

Question 24

Flexion

Answer 24

decreases angle between bones

Question 25

Extension

Answer 25

increases angle between bones

Question 26

Hyperextension

Answer 26

extension beyond normal range of motion

Question 27

Lateral flexion

Answer 27

Movement of a body part to the side

Question 28

Abduction

Answer 28

movement of body part away from midline

Question 29

Adduction

Answer 29

movement of body part toward midline

Question 30

Circumduction

Answer 30

movement of a body part in a circular motion

Question 31

Rotation

Answer 31

bone pivots on its longitudinal axis

Question 32

Medial rotation

Answer 32

Rotation of a body part toward the midline

Question 33

Lateral rotation

Answer 33

rotation of a body part away from the midline

Question 34

Supination

Answer 34

rotation of hand/arm to a palm up position

Question 35

Pronation

Answer 35

rotation of hand/arm to a palm down position

Question 36

Depression

Answer 36

downward movement of a body part

Question 37

Elevation

Answer 37

upward movement of a body part

Question 38

Protraction

Answer 38

forward/anterior movement of a body part

Question 39

Retraction

Answer 39

backward/posterior movement of a body part

Question 40

Opposition

Answer 40

movement of thumb toward tips of fingers

Question 41

Eversion

Answer 41

movement of soles away from midline

Question 42

Inversion

Answer 42

movement of soles toward midline

Question 43

Dorsiflexion

Answer 43

draws back/ top of foot toward shin

Question 44

Plantar flexion

Answer 44

pointing toes away from leg