JVD 2019 #2 Effects of Weissella cibaria CMU on Halitosis, Calculus, Plaque and Gingivitis indices in Beagles; Do

Question 1

What are the major compounds known to cause halitosis?

Answer 1

Sulfur-containing amino acids cysteine and methionine

Sulfur-containing compounds methyl mercaptan (Ch3SH), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and dimethyl sulfide ([(CH3)2S])

Question 2

Weissella cibaria

Answer 2

W. cibaria Chonnam Medical Uni. (CMU) strain isolated from human saliva
Excellent colonizing ability
potential for halitosis suppression
does not produce strong acids
secretes soluble glycan
secretes hydrogen peroxide
reported to suppress dental caries and halitosis

Question 3

Which volatile sulfur compounds showed significant differences among experiment groups?

Answer 3

CH3SH (methyl mercaptan) was significantly lower in both groups. Both H2S (hydrogen sulfide) and (CH3)2S were not significant different among groups.

Question 4

Which 4 intraoral pathogenic microbes were suppressed by W. cibaria CMU during the study periods?

Answer 4

F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis, Pr. intermedia, and T. forsythia

Pr =Prevotella

Question 5

Describe use of the Lőe and Silness Gingivitis Index

Answer 5

The buccal gingival for each scored tooth was divided into mesial, buccal, and distal. Each tooth was graded by the most severe of the 3 scores obtained per tooth. The score for each animal was the mean score for all teeth scored.

Question 6

Describe use of the Logan-Boyce Plaque Index

Answer 6

After applying dental disclosing solutiong to the teeth, teeth surfaces were divided horizontally into gingival and occlusal parts. The coverage score was multiplied by the thickness score for both parts of each tooth. The gingival and occlusal score then added together to obtain a total tooth score. The total tooth scores from all teeth were then averaged to obtain a mean whole mouth score for plaque.

Question 7

Describe the use of the Warrick-Gorrel method for calculus index

Answer 7

Buccal teeth surfaces were divided vertically into mesial, buccal, and distal. The coverage score was multiplied by the thickness score for each tooth surface. The total tooth score was the sum of the scores for each of the 3 tooth surfaces. The total tooth scores from all teeth were averaged to obtain a mean whole mouth score for calculus.

Question 8

What were the notable differences in plaque, calculus and gingivitis?

Answer 8

Both CMU-L and CMU-H showed significantly lower plaque indices than the control group throughout the study.
At week 4, the calculus indices in the CMU-L and H groups were significantly lower than the control group.
No groups showed a significant difference in gingivitis indices.