KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST part 1

Question 1

It is a pair of organs located at the retroperitoneal space.

Answer 1

KIDNEY

Question 2

What function eliminates wastes and excess inorganic substances via urine formation?

Answer 2

EXCRETORY FUNCTION

Question 3

What role does Regulatory Function does?

Answer 3

HOMEOSTASIS

Question 4

What function is the mechanism of differential reabsorption and secretion in the renal tube?

Answer 4

REGULATORY FUNCTION

Question 5

What is the function of 1° endocrine function?

Answer 5

Production of hormones

Question 6

It is the site of degradation of insulin, glucagon and aldosterone.

Answer 6

2° endocrine function

Question 7

What do you call the substances that are derived from the catabolism of proteins and nucleic acids but not considered as protein but are considered as “waste products” and contains nitrogen?

Answer 7

NPN (Nonprotein Nitrogenous Compound)

Question 8

What sample is/are most often used to assess Renal function?

Answer 8

Urea
Uric Acid
Creatinine

Question 9

What sample is used for Liver function?

Answer 9

Ammonia

Question 10

What are the 2-steps in Total NPN Methodology?

Answer 10

Kjeldahl digestion
Measurement of ammonia formed

Question 11

It is a process wherein Nitrogen in a pff is converted into NH3 using H2SO4

Answer 11

Kjeldahl digestion

Question 12

Under Kjeldahl digestion, pff is converted into NH3 using what substance?

Answer 12

H2SO4

Question 13

What is the product and the color of the product of Nesslerization?

Answer 13

Dimercuric Ammonuim Iodide
Yellow - Brown color

Question 14

In nesslerization, NH3 reacts with Nessler’s reagent. What are these reagents?

Answer 14

Double Iodide Salt of Potassium and Mercury.

Question 15

Under Berthelot method, reacts with _______________ and _____________.

Answer 15

Phenol
Alkaline hypochlorite

Question 16

This substance chlorinates ammonia to monochloramine.

Answer 16

Sodium Hypochlorite

Question 17

What is the catalyst of Berthelot method?

Answer 17

Sodium Nitroprusside

Question 18

What is the product of Berthelot method?

Answer 18

Indophenol blue

Question 19

At what pH is Berthelot method maintained with the Na Nitroprusside acting as a catalyst?

Answer 19

Alkaline pH (>10)

Question 20

Under Berthelot method, there is a modification by Searcy. Now, what is used instead of Phenol?

Answer 20

Salicylic acid

Question 21

The combination of NH3, a-ketoglurate and NADH will yield a product of?

Answer 21

Glumate and NAD

Question 22

In monitoring consumption of NH3, what is the catalyst present?

Answer 22

Glutamate Dehydrogenase

Question 23

Monitoring consumption of NH3 is measured at what wavelength?

Answer 23

340nm

Question 24

This substance is the major N-containing product of protein metabolism wherein it accounts for almost 45% of it.

Answer 24

UREA

Question 25

Urea is produced through what cycle?

Answer 25

Krebs-Henseleit cycle

Question 26

TRUE OR FLASE:
Urea is 40% reabsorbed, small amount is excreted through sweat and degraded by the bacteria in the small intestines.

Answer 26

TRUE

Question 27

Where is Urea freely filtered?

Answer 27

Glomerulus

Question 28

In Renal Handling of Urea, it is dependent on?

Answer 28

Urine flow rate

Question 29

The clearance of Urea us proportional to the GFR.

Answer 29

Rapid flow rate

Question 30

Why is BUN not reliable for monitoring renal function?

Answer 30

• It is affected by the body’s state of hydration
• It is largely affected by protein intake and catabolism
• Large amount is reabsorbed in renal tubules