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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (LEC) > Proteins part 4 > Flashcards

Proteins part 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the product color of Biuret method?

A

Purple color

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2
Q
  • Copper binds to the peptide bond
A

Biuret method

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3
Q
  • Protein + CuSO4 + NaOH + Rochelle salt = ____________
A

PURPLE CHROMOGEN

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4
Q

Biuret method is based on the formation of the violet-colored chelate between cupric ions and requires at least ______ peptide bonds. Measured at __________

A

2
540nm

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5
Q

In this method, molecules are formed when Urea is heated at 180◦C.

A

Biuret

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6
Q
  • 2 molecules of urea form _____ molecule of biuret
A

one (2:1)

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7
Q

__________ is preferred for Biuret reaction

A

Kinetic Biuret method

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8
Q

These will not be detected using a Biuret method.

A

Amino acid and Dipeptide

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9
Q

What are the reagents used in Biuret method?

A

a. Alkaline Copper Sulfate
b. Sodium Hydroxide
c. Rochelle’s salt
d. Potassium iodide

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10
Q

c. Rochelle’s salt = ___________________

A

Sodium Potassium Tartrate

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11
Q
  • Used to complex Cupric ion and prevent their precipitation
A

Rochelle’s salt

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12
Q
  • Keeps Copper in the Cupric form
A

Potassium iodide

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13
Q
  • These 3 causes false increase in the range of Biuret method
A

a. High bilirubin
b. Elevated lipids
c. Hemolyzed samples

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14
Q
  • Causes false decrease levels
A

d. High Blood Ammonia levels

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15
Q
  • Tyrosine & Tryptophan reduce PT-PMA reagent (folin-ciocalteu) to give a ______________
A

BLUE COLOR

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16
Q

These reduces PT-PMA reagent

A

Tyrosine and Tryptophan

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17
Q
  • F-CTM or Lowry Method detects proteins in low concentration, how low?
A

10-60ug/mL

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18
Q
  • Detects proteins in low concentration (10-60 ug/mL)
A

FOLIN-CIOCAL TEU METHOD / LOWRY METHOD

19
Q
  • Widely used in research to measure tissue and enzyme proteins
A

FOLIN-CIOCAL TEU METHOD / LOWRY METHOD

20
Q
  • Not satisfactory for urine and CSF protein determination
A

FOLIN-CIOCAL TEU METHOD / LOWRY METHOD

21
Q

In Folin-ciocal Teu method, the specimens are mixed with an _______________ followed by the addition of the_____________

A

Alkaline Copper solution
Lowry method.

22
Q

composed of phosphotungstic acid + molybdic acid which are used to reduce tungsten blue by copper complex with peptide and by tyrosine and tryptophan

A

Phosphotungstomolybdic acid

23
Q

Phosphotungstomolybdic acid is composed of?

A

phosphotungstic acid + molybdic acid

24
Q

What do phosphotungstic acid + molybdic acid reduce?

A

tungsten blue by copper complex with peptide and by tyrosine and tryptophan

25
Q

In Lowry method, The absorbance product are measured at a wavelength of ________. Dependent on the phenolic groups.

A

650-700nm.

26
Q

Due to the high electron density of aromatic rings of tyrosine and tryptophan in solution (pH 8)

A

ABSORPTION OF UV LIGHT AT 280nm

27
Q

Employed to stain protein bonds after electrophoresis

A

Dye-binding methods

28
Q

Analysis of fluid with lower protein concentration such as urine and CSF

A

Pyrogallol red

29
Q

Is the most sensitive, specific and the most precise among the dye-binding assays

A

Bromcreasol purple

30
Q

Albumin at pH 4.2 is cationic and binds with anionic dye

A

BCG

31
Q

It is the most commonly used dye and has to measure the absorbance

A

BCG

32
Q
  • Is used in urine reagent strips
  • Sensitive to Albumin
A

Tetrabromphenol blue

33
Q

Sensitive to AA

A

Ninhydrin

34
Q

HABA refers to?

A

(2,4-dihydroxyazobenzenebenzoic acid)

35
Q

Rapidly estimates protein at high concentrations. Often used in urine specimen.

A

REFRACTOMETRY

36
Q

Turbidimetry and Nephelometry is AKA as?

A

Salt precipitation

37
Q

What are the precipitating agents of Turbidimetry and Nephelometry?

A

SSA
Trichloroacetic acid

38
Q

 Precipitates all forms of proteins

A

SSA

39
Q

 Precipitates Globulins than Albumins

A

Trichloroacetic acid

40
Q

This method are often used for measuring urine and CSF protein

A

Turbidimetric

41
Q

Can used _______ Chloride under the alkaline condition and ________________ under alkaline conditions

A

Benzethonium
Benzalkonium salts

42
Q

Determines the movement of proteins during the alkaline electrophoresis from the origin towards the ANODE.

A

PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS

43
Q

protein donates protons = (-) charge. Therefore migrates towards Anode

A

Alkaline ph

44
Q

Protein receives protons = (+) charge
* Migrates towards the cathode

A

Acidic pH

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (LEC) (23 decks)

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