Lecture 20: Structure and layout of major brain areas, and basic motor + sensory pathways

Question 1

Which layer of the meninges contains circulating cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 1

• Arachnoid

Question 2

Which structure is important for removal of old/used CSF?

Answer 2

• Arachnoid granulations

Question 3

Gyrus = ?
Sulcus = ?

Answer 3

• Hills

- Valleys

Question 4

The four lobes:

Answer 4

• Frontal
• Parietal
• Occipital
• Temporal

Question 5

The central sulcus is located between the _____ and the _____ lobe.

Answer 5

• Frontal

- Parietal

Question 6

The sulcus located between the parietal and occipital lobe is called the….

Answer 6

• Parieto-occipital sulcus

Question 7

The lateral sulcus is found between the _______ lobes and the _____ lobe.

Answer 7

• Frontal + Parietal

- Temporal

Question 8

The transverse fissure lies underneath the _____ lobe.

Answer 8

• Temporal

Question 9

The __ - ____ gyrus is located before the central sulcus.

Answer 9

• Pre-central

Question 10

The occipital lobe is concerned with mainly _____ functions.

Answer 10

• Visual

Question 11

The parietal lobe is concerned mainly with _____ functions.

Answer 11

• Sensory

Question 12

The temporal lobe is concerned with mainly _____ and ______.

Answer 12

• Memory

- Hearing

Question 13

The posterior part of the frontal lobe primarily concerns itself with ______ functions.

Answer 13

• Motor

Question 14

The anterior part of the frontal lobe primarily concerns itself with ….. and is called the __-___ cortex. This is the most immature part of our brain, because it is the last place where myelination takes place. _____ can damage it.

Answer 14

• Decision making
• Emotion
• Anticipating consequences
• Mental illnesses
• Pre-frontal cortex
• Alcohol

Question 15

The primary motor cortex is located in the __-____ ____.

Execution of movement occurs here.

Answer 15

• Pre-central gyrus

Question 16

Planning of movement is what happens in the __-___ ____ which is located in the _____ part of the ______ lobe.

Answer 16

• Pre-motor cortex
• Posterior
• Frontal

Question 17

The cerebrum is made up of the _____ cortex and the _____ callosum.

Answer 17

• Cerebral

- Corpus

Question 18

The hypothalamus is involved in _______ functions.

Answer 18

• Homeostatic

Question 19

The Diencephalon is made up of the _____ and ______.

Answer 19

• Thalamus

- Hypothalamus

Question 20

The brain is made up of the….

Answer 20

• Cerebrum
• Diencephalon
• Midbrain
• Pons
• Medulla oblongata
• Cerebellum

Question 21

The brainstem is made up of three things:

Answer 21

• Midbrain
• Pons
• Medulla Oblongata

Question 22

Where the _____ _____ ends, the spinal cord starts.

Answer 22

• Medulla Oblongata

Question 23

Cranial nerves can be found in the ____ and ____ ____ (the hindbrain).

Answer 23

• Pons

- Medulla Oblongata

Question 24

You can find the fourth ventricle behind the ______.

Answer 24

• Cerebellum

Question 25

Fruit + nut bread is similar to a ......

Answer 25

- Coronal slice of the brain

Question 26

The cerebral cortex (outer layer) is made up of _____ matter.

Answer 26

- Grey

Question 27

Why is white matter white?

Answer 27

- They're myelinated, fat appears white

Question 28

The deep nuclei are a collection of ____ ____.

Answer 28

- Cell bodies

Question 29

There are ____ lateral ventricles.

Answer 29

- Two

Question 30

There are three types of white matter (tracts): | Give examples

Answer 30

- Commissural tracts (side to side) eg. Corpus Callosum - Projection tracts (axons extend between cortex + other CNS areas) eg. Corticospinal tracts - Association tracts (stay on same side, communication between brain areas) eg. Motor Cortex Somatosensory Cortex

Question 31

Cell bodies found in the medial primary motor cortex causes movement in the _____. Damage here will cause paralysis.

Answer 31

- Lower extremities

Question 32

Sensory information occurs in the ___-____ gyrus.

Answer 32

- Post-central

Question 33

For sensory information there are ___ neurons:

Answer 33

- 3 - Dorsal root ganglion - Medulla oblongata - Thalamus

Question 34

Integration between motor + sensory

Answer 34

- Motor cortex initiates movement - Copy of movement info sent to cerebellum - Some sensory info sent to cerebellum to make sure info matches up - /finish