Lecture 23: Microanatomy of Head and Neck Structures

Question 1

2 kinds of glands

Answer 1

Exocrine
Endocrine

Question 2

Endocrine vs exocrine glands

Answer 2

Endocrine - secrete hormones into blood or lymphatic tissues
Exocrine - secrete into ducts

Question 3

2 types of exocrine secretions

Answer 3

Serous
Mucus

Question 4

Saliva definition and functions

Answer 4

Combo of serous and mucus products of salivary glands
Dissolve water soluble portions of food
Lubricates upper digestive tract

Question 5

3 major salivary glands

Answer 5

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

Question 6

5 minor salivary glands

Answer 6

Labial
Lingual
Buccal
Palatine
Zygomatic

Question 7

Serous demilunes: function, location

Answer 7

Release proteins containing lysoszyme
Associates with mucous acini in major salivary glands

Question 8

3 extramural glands of digestion

Answer 8

Salivary glands
Pancreas and liver

Question 9

Secretions from salivary glands, pancreas, liver: path, functions

Answer 9

Delivered to lumen of alimentary/GI tracts via ducts
Secrete lysozyme, lactoferrin and IgA to protect body

Question 10

Parotid secretion type: serous, mucus or mixed

Answer 10

Serous

Question 11

Secretion type of submandibular and sublingual glands

Answer 11

Mixed serous and mucus

Question 12

Myoepithelial cells function

Answer 12

Compress ducts to push secretion down into intercalated cut

Question 13

Parotid gland innervated by

Answer 13

CN IX/glossopharyngeal

Question 14

What structure is where secretions are released

Answer 14

Acina/acinar cells

Question 15

Innervation of submandibular and sublingual glands

Answer 15

CN VII/facial

Question 16

Palate: epithelial type

Answer 16

Stratified squamous

Question 17

Lacrimal gland secretes

Answer 17

Tear

Question 18

Lacrimal gland is under what kind of control

Answer 18

Autonomic

Question 19

Path of tears

Answer 19

Produced in lacrimal gland —> lacrimal punctum —> lacrimal caruncle —> canaliculi —> nasolacrimal duct

Question 20

Innervation of lacrimal gland

Answer 20

Facial nerve

Question 21

Prominent feature in lacrimal gland

Answer 21

Lymphatic nodules

Question 22

Is thyroid endocrine or exocrine

Answer 22

Endocrine

Question 23

2 cells within parathyroid

Answer 23

Chief
Oxyphils

Question 24

Chief cells in parathyroid: 2 functions

Answer 24

Produce parathyroid hormone
Regulate blood calcium levels

Question 25

Oxyphils in parathyroid: definition, importance (what happens with age)

Answer 25

Nonsecretory cells Increase across lifespan Fat content increases with age = indicates age

Question 26

Colloid: definition, function, location

Answer 26

Thyroid Composed of thyroglobulin = storage of main thyroid hormones

Question 27

C cells in thyroid: function

Answer 27

Release calcitonin to decrease blood Calcium levels

Question 28

Thyroid gland parenchyma is filled with

Answer 28

Millions of colloid filled follicles

Question 29

What is colloid composed of

Answer 29

Thyroglobulin

Question 30

Thyroid gland releases

Answer 30

Hormones that regulate metabolism

Question 31

What type of cells surround ducts

Answer 31

Myoepithelial cells

Question 32

Which gland is lobulated

Answer 32

Lacrimal

Question 33

Submandibular/sublingual vs parotid: Adipocytes

Answer 33

More Adipocytes in parotid