Lecture 7

Question 1

Protists

Answer 1

eukaryotes, unicellular and multicellular, nutritionally diverse group

Question 2

Protists are either ..

Answer 2

autotrophic or heterotrophic

Question 3

If protists are autotrophic they are called

Answer 3

algae

Question 4

If protists are heterotrophic they are called

Answer 4

protozoans

Question 5

Some heterotrophic protists can also obtain nutrients via..

Answer 5

absorption, feature similar to that of fungi

Question 6

Mixotrophs

Answer 6

protists that are either autotrophic or heterotrophic depending on the availability of light and nutrients

Question 7

Protists include parasites that are eukaryotes that cause infection therefore…

Answer 7

drugs used to treat them have poor selective toxicity

Question 8

Most protists are..

Answer 8

aquatic and can be found anywhere where there is water

Question 9

Some protists inhabit..

Answer 9

host organisms

Question 10

Endosymbiosis

Answer 10

one species referred to as an endosymbiont living within another species

Question 11

Symbiosis

Answer 11

close relationship between organisms of two or more species

Question 12

Example of endosymbionts

Answer 12

termite endosymbionts digest the tough cellulose in the wood diet of the termite in exchange the endosymbiont has a place to live

Question 13

Protists are predominately..

Answer 13

unicellular so they’re the simplest group of eukaryotes

Question 14

Protist phylogeny

Answer 14

• chromalveolata
• rhizaria
• excavata
• unikonta
• archaeplastida

Question 15

Theory of the origin of eukaryote cells

Answer 15

endosymbiosis suggest that eukaryotes established residence within other much larger prokaryotes

Question 16

Evidence for the theory comes from..

Answer 16

molecular similarities like replicating their own DNA in between prokaryotic cells and present day mitochondria/chloroplasts

Question 17

What eukaryotes evolved first

Answer 17

heterotrophic. the ones with mitochondria and no chloroplasts (no photosynthesis)

Question 18

What eukaryote was second to evolve

Answer 18

autotrophic. with chloroplasts and perform photosynthesis

Question 19

How autotrophic eukaryotes originated

Answer 19

when an individual engulfed an autotrophic cyanobacterium (photosynthetic) and it would of had a steady food source as byproducts of photosynthesis were produced then eventually cyanobact. evolved intro chloroplasts and later into algae

Question 20

Green and red algae also became endosymbionts when..

Answer 20

engulfed by heterotrophic eukaryotes

Question 21

Process of red and green algae becoming endosymbionts

Answer 21

heterotrophic host cells enclosed the algae in food vacules but parts of the algae survived digestion and become organelles

Question 22

Endosymbionts have the ability to..

Answer 22

self replicate provided the host is a selective advantage

Question 23

Secondary endosymbiosis

Answer 23

autotrophic eukaryotic protist became endosymbiotic in a heterotrophic eukaryotic protist