Male Repro Histology

Question 1

mesonephric ducts

Answer 1

male- wolffian ducts

Question 2

paramesonephric ducts

Answer 2

female- mullarian ducts

Question 3

cloacal folds and genital tubercle

Answer 3

external genitalia

Question 4

testis septa

Answer 4

divides into lobules

Question 5

testis mediastinum

Answer 5

posterior thickening

Question 6

spermatogenesis

Answer 6

meiotic division + spermiogenesis

Question 7

spermiogenesis

Answer 7

maturation of spermatids into spermatozoa

Question 8

spermatagonia type Ad

Answer 8

undergo mitosis

Question 9

spermatagonia type Ap

Answer 9

undergo mitosis, but are closer to starting meiosis

Question 10

spermatogonia type B

Answer 10

meiosis

Question 11

progression of spermatogonia

Answer 11

spermatogonia–> primary spermatocyte–> secondary spermatocyte–> spermatids-> spermatozoa

Question 12

spermatagonia

Answer 12

small cells with pale nucleus
found along basal lamina
2 copies of diploid genome

Question 13

primary spermacyte

Answer 13

large cells with chromosome coiling
will be most of cells present
2 copies of diploid genome

Question 14

secondary spermatocyte

Answer 14

smaller, not usually seen

1 copy of diploid genome

Question 15

early spermatid

Answer 15

small, condensed chromatin
close to the lumen
1 copy of haploid genome

Question 16

late spermatid

Answer 16

lost cytoplasm, developed a flagellum, condensed nucleus
heads in stroll cells and tails in lumen
1 copy of haploid genome

Question 17

3 phases of spermatogenesis and significant event in each

Answer 17

golgi phase- acrosomal granule is formed, flagellum starts to form
acrosomal phase- acrosomal cap formed over nucleus, flagellum elongates, nucleus condenses
maturation- extra cytoplasm shed, spermatozoa released into seminiferous tubule lumen

Question 18

parts of the spermatozoa

Answer 18

head- nucleus with acrosome
neck- centriole location
tail- complicated

Question 19

parts of the tail of a spermatozoa

Answer 19

midpiece- axoneme, mitochondria, outer dense fibers
principal- axoneme, outer dense fibers, circular fibers
tail- axoneme

Question 20

axoneme

Answer 20

microtubules surrounded by proteins that form the flagellum

Question 21

significant feature of sertoli cells

Answer 21

prominent nucleolus

Question 22

secretions of sertoli cells and their roles

Answer 22

androgen binding protein- binds androgens
inhibin/activin- control spermatogenesis
AMH- promotes mullarian duct regression

Question 23

blood testis barrier

Answer 23

sertoli cells connected by zonula occludins

Question 24

cells in the interstitium of testis

Answer 24

myoid cells- contractile function to push spermatozoa out of seminiferous tubules
interstitial cells of leydig- secrete testosterone

Question 25

roles of testosterone throughout life

Answer 25

8-18wks fetal- mesonephric duct development - converted to DHT for external genitalia development puberty- spermatogenesis, libido, secondary sex characterstics, function of accessory glands

Question 26

path of spermatozoa after leaving seminerferous tubules

Answer 26

straight tubules--> rete testis--> efferent ducts

Question 27

function of efferent ducts

Answer 27

transport spermatozoa

Question 28

sperm storage site

Answer 28

tail of epididymis

Question 29

lining of duct system

Answer 29

rete testis- simple cuboidal with cilia/microvili | efferent ducts- pseudostratified columnar with cilia or cuboidal

Question 30

lining of epididymis

Answer 30

pseudo stratified columnar- height decreases distally

Question 31

decapacitation

Answer 31

addition of a glycoprotein coat to spermatozoa in the epididymis to prevent immunological attack

Question 32

where do sperm gain motility

Answer 32

epididymis

Question 33

path of ductus deferens

Answer 33

up from epididymis, through inguinal canal, passes posteriorly to urinary bladder and meets with seminal vesicle duct to form ejaculatory duct

Question 34

what is in seminal vesicle secretions

Answer 34

sugars, amino acids, prostaglandins, coagulation proteins

Question 35

appearance of ductus deferens

Answer 35

3 layers of smooth muscle thick walled smaller lumen lined with pseudo stratified columnar

Question 36

compartments and contents of the blood testis barrier

Answer 36

basal- spermatogonia and primary spermocytes | adluminal- everything else

Question 37

clinical zones of prostate- what are they for?

Answer 37

``` periurethral zone- around urethra central zone- outside periurethral zone transitional- peripheral describing tumor location- peripheral ones have to be big to affect the urethra ```

Question 38

corpora amylacea

Answer 38

accumulation of fluids in the prostate

Question 39

what does the prostate secrete

Answer 39

alkaline fluid to neutralize the vagina PSA citric acid fibrinolysin

Question 40

marker of prostatic cancer

Answer 40

prostatic specific antigen- spills over into blood with prostatic cancer

Question 41

sympathetic innervation to ______ causes ejaculation

Answer 41

epididymis, ductus deferns, seminal vesicle, prostate gland

Question 42

what is released from bulbourethral glands

Answer 42

pre-ejaculatory fluid into the penile urethra to prep it for spermatozoa

Question 43

arousal is from

Answer 43

parasympathetic simulation via dorsal nerve of the penis releasing NO which results in dilation of the helicine arteries and relaxation of vascular sinuses

Question 44

orchitis

Answer 44

inflamation of the testis caused by infection

Question 45

granulomatosus orchitis

Answer 45

testicular inflammation caused by trauma with proliferation of capillaries and immune cells

Question 46

torsion

Answer 46

twisting of spermatic cord, cutting off blood supply to the testicals

Question 47

testicular cancer types

Answer 47

seminoas- from spermatogenic cells | non- seminoas- from elsewhere

Question 48

benign prostatic hypertrophy

Answer 48

glandular cell hypertrophy caused by DHT conversion in stream cells

Question 49

adenocarcinoma of prostate

Answer 49

from glandular cells of the prostate | usually in peripheral zone

Question 50

squamous cell carcinoma of penis

Answer 50

usually in glans or prepuce