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HS Exam 2 > autonomics and visceral afferents > Flashcards

autonomics and visceral afferents Flashcards

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1
Q

what is innervated by the visceral motor system

A

cardiac muscle
smooth muscle
glands

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2
Q

how many neurons are involved in the visceral motor system

A

2- pre and post

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3
Q

what does the visceral sensory system do

A

interoception (internal environment monitoring)

pain

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4
Q

what are the 2 parts of the visceral motor system

A

sympathetic

parasympathetic

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5
Q

what levels are sympathetic neurons
where are the cell bodies
where do they go in the brain

A

thoracolumbar
cell bodies of preganglionic neurons are in the IML horn
lateral and posteiror hypothalamus

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6
Q

what are the functions of the sympathetic nervous system

A 
"fight or flight"
dilate pupils
piloerection
sweating
vasoconstriction
increase HR, RR
decrease gut and bladder mobility
central hyperreactivity
ejaculation
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7
Q

what are the options for sympathetic pre ganglion axons entering the sympathetic chain

A

synapse and leave at same level
ascend/descend, synapse and leave at that level
don’t leave at all, form splanchnic nerves that synapse later

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8
Q

where do splanchnic nerves synapse

A

prevertebral ganglia

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9
Q

where are sympathetic post ganglion cell bodies

A

paravertebral or prevertebral ganglion

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10
Q

what organs are innervated by sympathetic neurons

A 
heart
lungs
kidneys
ureters
GI tract
bladder
reproductive tract
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11
Q

what is special about the suprarenal gland

A

preganglionic fibers synapse directly onto chromatin cells

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12
Q

what levels are parasympathetic neurons
where are the cell bodies
where do they go in the brain

A

cervical and saccral regions
cranial nerves 3,7,8,10 and IML S2-4
anteiror and medial hypothalamus

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13
Q

function of parasympathetic nervous system

A 
"rest and digest"
constrict pupil and airway
increase secretions
decrease HR
increase gut motility
contract bladder
decrease rage reaction
errection
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14
Q

where are the parasympathetic post ganglion cell bodies

A

in or near the target organ

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15
Q

what does the parasympathetic system not innervate

A 
limbs
kidneys/ureters
adrenal glands
uterus and vagina
testis/ovary
skeletal muscle
blood vessels
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16
Q

what blood vessels do receive parasympathetic stimulation

A

coronary vessels

erectile tissue

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17
Q

sympathetic forgut

A

greater splanchnic nerve

celiac ganglion

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18
Q

sympathetic midgut

A

lesser splanchnic nerve

superior mesenteric ganglion

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19
Q

sympathetic kidneys and ureters

A

least and lumbar splanchnic nerves

aorticorenal ganlgion

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20
Q

sympathetic hindgut

A

lumbar splanchnic nerve

inferior mesenteric ganglion

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21
Q

sympathetic suprarenal medulla

A

greater, lesser, least splanchnic

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22
Q

sympathetic suprarenal cortex

A

greater, lesser, least splanchnic

aorticorenal ganglion

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23
Q

sympathetic pelvic organs

A

lumbar splanchnics via hypogastric plexuses

sacral splanchnics via inferior hypogastric plexus

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24
Q

parasympathetic foregut and midgut

25
parasympathetic hindgut
pelvic splanchnics
26
visceral pain afferent foregut, midgut, descending colon, 1/2 sigmoid, pelvic pain line, kidneys ureters
sympathetics
27
visceral pain afferets: distal sigmoid, pelvic organs below pelvic pain line
parasympahtetics
28
visceral interoceptive afferents- GI to left colic flexure
vagus
29
visceral interoceptive afferents- kidneys and ureters
vagus
30
visceral interoceptive afferents- pelvic organs, GI past colic flexure
pelvic splanchnic
31
"above the pelvic pain line"
structures in contact with the peritoneum kidney ovary/tube/upper uterus superior bladder
32
"below the pelvic pain line"
viscera not in contact with peritoneum lower uterus vagina inferior bladder
33
what takes pain from above the pelvic pain line
sympathetic
34
what takes pain from below the pelvic pain line
parasympathetic
35
what is referred pain
a noxious stimuli from an organ that is perceived as coming from a region of the body wall corresponding to a specific dermatome level
36
what does parasympathetic innervate
``` GI tract spleen pancreas gallbaldder liver ```
37
where does parasympathetic innervation come from
vagus nerve | pelvic splanchnic nerves
38
what does parasympathetic vagus do
foregut and midgut
39
visceral afferent for heart and referred pain location
thoracic splanchnic T1-T4 | upper thorax and medial arm
40
visceral afferent for foregut and referred pain location
greater splanchnic T5-9 | lower thorax and epigastric region
41
visceral afferent for midgut and referred pain location
lesser splanchnic T10-11 | umbilical region
42
visceral afferent for kidney/upper ureter and referred pain location
least splanchnic T12 | flanks
43
visceral afferent for handgun and lower ureter and referred pain location
lumbar splanchnic L1,2 | pubic region
44
what does the vagus nerve carry
pre parasympathetic | visceral afferent
45
what do thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves carry
pre sympathetic | visceral afferent
46
what does pelvic splanchnic carry
pre parasympathetic
47
what does interoception
parasympathetic mostly
48
what does pain
mostly sympathetic EXCEPT below pelvic pain line (lower uterus, vagina, inferior bladder, last part of sigmoid colon down)
49
referred pain diaphragm irritation
shoulder
50
referred pain stomach
below xiphoid process down to the left and in center of back
51
referred pain duodenum and head of pancreas
under xyphoid process
52
referred pain gallbladder
right and around to back up
53
referred pain liver
right and around back down
54
referred pain appendix
umbilicus
55
referred pain spleen
left costal
56
referred pain sigmoid colon
left and right hypogastric
57
referred pain cecum and ascending colon
hypogasric
58
referred pain kidney and ureter
traces hip anteriorly and then goes up on the back
59
how is somatic pain tested
rebound pain- push on it and it hurts when released

HS Exam 2 (24 decks)

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