Development of Urogenital system

Question 1

urogenital system develops from

Answer 1

intermediate mesoderm

Question 2

hindgut is from

Answer 2

endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm

Question 3

external genitalia is from

Answer 3

ectoderm

Question 4

source of germ cells

Answer 4

migratory cells from the yolk sac

Question 5

what forms gonads

Answer 5

genital ridge

Question 6

what forms primitive kidneys and ducts of reproductive tract

Answer 6

mesonephric ridge- caudal part, cranial part regresses

Question 7

parts of the mesonephric ridge

Answer 7

pronephros
mesonephros
metanephros

Question 8

pronephros

Answer 8

disappears

Question 9

mesonephros

Answer 9

tubules and ducts for make reproductive tract

Question 10

metanephros

Answer 10

primative kidney

Question 11

uteric bud

Answer 11

forms collecting ducts

comes from outgrowth of mesonephric bud

Question 12

metanephric blastema

Answer 12

formed from metanephros, makes nephrons

Question 13

trigone formation

Answer 13

mesonephric duct joins the urogenital sinus and is absorbed, bringing the uteri bud in contact with the urogenital sinus

Question 14

mesonephric duct forms

Answer 14

forms ductus deferens

Question 15

uteric bud forms

Answer 15

forms ureter and collecting ducts

Question 16

urogenital sinus forms

Answer 16

bladder

Question 17

ductus deferens path

Answer 17

looped over the ureter as testis descends

Question 18

renal agenesis

Answer 18

failure of kidney to develop which results in no amniotic fluid–> tight space–> deformed fetus

Question 19

polycystic kidney

Answer 19

urine formation without proper drainage resulting in cyst formation

Question 20

pelvic kidney

Answer 20

kidney doesn’t descend

Question 21

horseshoe kidneys

Answer 21

kidneys fuse at midline and begin to ascend but they get stuck under the IMA

Question 22

bifid ureter

Answer 22

2 ureters exit kidney but merge before entering the bladder

Question 23

ectopic ureter

Answer 23

2 ureters enter the bladder

governed by Weigert-Meyer rule

Question 24

weiger-Meyer rule

Answer 24

lower pole kidney gets to bladder first and is normal

upper pole kidney gets to bladder second and doesn’t ascend, it descends into the neck of the bladder, vagina, or rectum

Question 25

hydronephrosis

Answer 25

high pressure

Question 26

testis determining factor

Answer 26

on sex determining region on Y chromosome | induces sertoli cell differentiation and production of anti-mullarian hormone

Question 27

anti-mullarian hormone

Answer 27

paramesonephric ducts regress | leydig cells differentiate and produce testosterone

Question 28

testosterone role

Answer 28

induces mesonephric duct differentiation and testis formation

Question 29

how is paramesonephric duct formed

Answer 29

involution of mesonephric ridge

Question 30

migratory path of germ cells

Answer 30

``` yolk sac allantois across gut wall dorsal mesentary retroperitoneal space primative gonand of genital ridge ```

Question 31

formation of primative sex cords

Answer 31

germ cells stimulate coelomic epithelium to proliferate and invade storm cortex and medulla form

Question 32

fate of male medulla of primitive sex cord

Answer 32

seminiferous tubules and straight ducts and rate testis

Question 33

fate of male cortex of primitive sex cord

Answer 33

regresses, forms tunica albuginea

Question 34

fate of female cortex of primitive sex cord

Answer 34

becomes follicles

Question 35

fate of female medulla of primitive sex cord

Answer 35

regresses

Question 36

uterus formation

Answer 36

paramesonephric ducts fuse at midline

Question 37

vagina formation

Answer 37

upper 1/3- paramesonephric ducts | lower 2/3- urogenital sinus

Question 38

remnants of the mesonephric duct in females

Answer 38

epoophoron and paraoophoron in mesovarium | gartner's cyst near vagina

Question 39

uterus didelphys with double vagina

Answer 39

2 vagina, 2 uterus

Question 40

uterus arcuates

Answer 40

thick uterine fundus

Question 41

uterus bicornis

Answer 41

2 uterus, 1 vagina

Question 42

uterus bicornis with rudimentary horn

Answer 42

2 uterus but one of the is not attached

Question 43

atresia of cervix

Answer 43

closed cervix

Question 44

atresia of vagina

Answer 44

closed vagina

Question 45

parts of hindgut

Answer 45

endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm

Question 46

allantois becomes the

Answer 46

median umbilical ligament

Question 47

parts of the cloaca

Answer 47

urogenital sinus | anorectal canal

Question 48

urogenital sinus becomes

Answer 48

bladder, urethra, external genitalia

Question 49

anorectal canal becomes

Answer 49

anal canal, rectum, hindgut

Question 50

significance of cloacal membrane

Answer 50

transition between endoderm and ectoderm

Question 51

persistant anal membrane

Answer 51

no anal openin

Question 52

rectoperineal fistula

Answer 52

anal opening is in the wrong place, in the perineal area

Question 53

rectovaginal fistula

Answer 53

anal opening into vagina

Question 54

urorectal fistula

Answer 54

anal opening into urethra

Question 55

parts of urogenital sinus and what they become

Answer 55

bladder- bladder pelvic- membranous urethra definitive UG sinus- vestibule of vagina or spongy urethra

Question 56

genital tubercle becomes the

Answer 56

clitoris/penis

Question 57

urethral folds become the

Answer 57

labia minora/spongy urethra

Question 58

labia minora lining

Answer 58

vestibule- endoderm | ectoderm- surface

Question 59

genital swellings become the

Answer 59

labia majora/scrotum

Question 60

hypospaides

Answer 60

incomplete fusion of urethral folds