Musculoskeletal Part Five

Question 1

what forms the transverse arch

Answer 1

cuneiform & cuboid bones

Question 2

what bones form the subtalar joint

Answer 2

talus

calcaneus

Question 3

what is a trimalleolar fracture

Answer 3

fracture of:

lateral mally

medial mally

inferior tibia

Question 4

MOI for patellofemoral syndrome

Answer 4

1. poor VMO strength

2. ITB/lateral retinaculum tightness

Question 5

plantar fascia is AKA

Answer 5

plantar aponeurosis

Question 6

the lateral longitudinal arch is supported by…

Answer 6

the long plantar ligament

Question 7

what type of joint exists between the distal tibia and fibula

Answer 7

syndesmosis

Question 8

the spring ligament supports…

Answer 8

the medial arch

Question 9

what motions comprise close-chained supination

Answer 9

DF

ABD talus

IV calcaneus

Question 10

in the cervical spine, the foramina of the transverse processes contain…

Answer 10

vertebral arteries

Question 11

gastrocnemius action

Answer 11

PF

knee flexion

Question 12

what happens to the talus during plantarflexion

creating what…

Answer 12

it slides anteriorly and disengages from the tib/fib

this creates increased joint mobility and decreases stability

Question 13

what femoral condyle has a longer surface area

Answer 13

lateral

Question 14

with dorsiflexion, what direction does the fibula rotate and why

Answer 14

fibula rotates laterally

to accommodate the wider portion of the talus

Question 15

why do tibial fractures take a long time to heal

Answer 15

it has relatively poor blood supply

Question 16

where does the fibularis brevis insert

Answer 16

tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal

Question 17

what does pronation do to the tibia

Answer 17

IR

Question 18

what three bones make up the talocrural joint

Answer 18

tibia

fibula

talus

Question 19

the transverse arch is supported by…

Answer 19

the met heads

Question 20

for central cord injuries, are upper or lower extremities more affected?

Answer 20

upper

Question 21

when can a spiral fracture of the tibia occur

Answer 21

severe torsion during skiing accident

Question 22

what are the rules of threes

Answer 22

T1-T3: SP even with TP

T4-T6: SP 1/2 level below TP

T7-T9: SP one full level below TP

T10: SP full level below TP

T11: SP 1/2 level below TP

T12: SP even with TP

Question 23

posterior tibialis action

Answer 23

PF

IV

Question 24

function of the intervertebral foramen

Answer 24

protect the spinal nerve roots as the exit the cord

Question 25

the femoral artery leads into the ___ artery

Answer 25

popliteal artery

Question 26

where are uncinate joints found and what are they for

Answer 26

C3-C7 limit lateral flexion

Question 27

what is lordosis

Answer 27

increased anterior curvature (most often lumbar spine)

Question 28

what is kyphosis

Answer 28

excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic spine

Question 29

what femoral condyle descends further inferiorly

Answer 29

medial

Question 30

what motions comprise open-chain supination

Answer 30

PF IV ADD of calcaneus

Question 31

where does the longitudinal arch run

Answer 31

calcaneus to the metatarsal heads

Question 32

fibularis longus and brevis action

Answer 32

EV | longus pronates too

Question 33

what tendon is the dorsalis pedis artery just lateral to

Answer 33

EHL

Question 34

how long can tibial fractures take to heal

Answer 34

6 months

Question 35

tightening of the plantar fascia causes

Answer 35

supination of calcaneus IV of subtalar (eventually causes rigid lever for push off)

Question 36

pronation or supination: in gait, P OR S? allows the foot to conform to irregular surfaces and when P OR S?, the joint acts as a rigid lever for propulsion

Answer 36

pronated - conforms to irregular surfaces supinated - acts as a rigid lever for propulsion

Question 37

three MOIs for ACL injury

Answer 37

1. tibia driven anteriorly on femur 2. femur driven posteriorly on tibia 3. knee joint is hyperextended with IR

Question 38

how can avulsion of the tuberosity on the 5th metatarsal bone happen

Answer 38

violent inversion

Question 39

what would someone with central cord syndrome have most difficulty doing

Answer 39

placing marbles into a cup

Question 40

what motions comprise close-chained pronation

Answer 40

PF ADD talus EV calc

Question 41

for central cord injuries, are sensory or motor deficits more present?

Answer 41

motor

Question 42

what muscles stabilize the medial arch

Answer 42

fib longus posterior tibialis intrinsic muscles

Question 43

it is essential to palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse in order to rule out...

Answer 43

intermittent claudication

Question 44

during DF, what happens to the talus

Answer 44

talus rotates laterally 30 degrees

Question 45

when and where can the popliteal artery be palpated

Answer 45

popliteal fossa when the leg is slightly flexed

Question 46

what muscle attaches to the lateral meniscus

Answer 46

popliteus

Question 47

what does supination do to the tibia

Answer 47

ER

Question 48

what motions comprise open-chain pronation

Answer 48

DF EV ABD of calcaneus

Question 49

what happens to the talus during dorsiflexion creating what..

Answer 49

it slides posterior on the tibia this creates joint stability and decreases joint mobility

Question 50

most frequent location for fractures of the tibia

Answer 50

middle of the shaft (narrowest part)