Musculoskeletal Part Three

Question 1

the dorsal scapular nerve innervates…

Answer 1

levator scap

rhomboids

Question 2

scapular winging is the result of..

Answer 2

long thoracic nerve injury (serratus anterior)

Question 3

how to injure the subcutaneous olecrenon bursa

Answer 3

repeated excessive friction (Student’s elbow)

Question 4

major ulnar deviators

Answer 4

FCU

ECU

Question 5

the thumb contributes to ___% of the hand’s function

Answer 5

40%

Question 6

purpose of the radiate

Answer 6

stabilize the hand for impact

Question 7

what is the most frequently injured carpal bone

Answer 7

scaphoid

Question 8

what does the flexor retinaculum attach to

Answer 8

scaphoid and trapezium

Question 9

most active muscle in grasping

Answer 9

ECRB (holds wrist in extension)

Question 10

what does the anatomical neck of the humerus separate

Answer 10

the head

the tubercles

Question 11

what is a Colles’ fracture and how does it happen

Answer 11

fracture of distal radius

results from a FOOSH

Question 12

three most common nerve to injure following humerus fractures

Answer 12

axillary

radial

ulnar

Question 13

what muscle supinates only when elbow is flexed to 90

Answer 13

biceps brachii

Question 14

the primary supinator muscle AND when is it most active

Answer 14

supinator

most active with low loads and slow movement

Question 15

what does median nerve innervate

Answer 15

dorsal portions of 2, 3, and lateral half of 4

from DIP to tip of finger

Question 16

what muscles facilitate elbow extension in closed chain movements (pushups, pushing heavy objects)

Answer 16

pec major

anterior deltoid

Question 17

muscles that flex the digits

Answer 17

flexor digitorum superficialis

flexor digitorum profundus

flexor pollicus longus

Question 18

how to damage the radial artery

Answer 18

supracondylar fracture of the elbow

Question 19

proximal row of carpal bones (lateral to medial)

Answer 19

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetrum

Pisiform

Question 20

function of the quadratus

Answer 20

arm pronation

Question 21

ulnar nerve damage results in (wrist)…

Answer 21

flexion of the ulnar side digits

power grip

Question 22

when does the biceps brachii flex

Answer 22

with forearm supination

when lifting loads over 2lbs

Question 23

long thoracic nerve nerve roots

Answer 23

C5-C7

Question 24

what position are the fingers and wrist in for power grip

Answer 24

finger flexion

wrist extension, ulnar deviation

Question 25

purpose of the volar plate

Answer 25

increase articular surface during extension

Question 26

what is the extensor hood

Answer 26

fibrous mechanism on the dorsum of each finger that is a fibrous expansion of the extensor digitorum tendon

Question 27

what does the brachioradialis do

Answer 27

flexes elbow stablize supination and pronation during strong resistance

Question 28

two additional muscles that contribute to elbow flexion

Answer 28

flexor carpi ulnaris pronator teres

Question 29

what does ulnar nerve innervate

Answer 29

hypothenar (5th and medial half of 4th)

Question 30

the main elbow flexor

Answer 30

brachialis

Question 31

three muscles active during both wrist flexion and extension that provide dynamic wrist stability

Answer 31

ECU EPB APL

Question 32

articulation of the radiocarpal joint

Answer 32

convex scaphoid and lunate concave radius

Question 33

what can result following anterior dislocation of the lunate

Answer 33

compression of the median nerve against the flexor retinaculum

Question 34

major wrist flexors

Answer 34

FCR FCU

Question 35

the major elbow extensor

Answer 35

triceps brachii

Question 36

frequently fractured site of humerus

Answer 36

surgical neck

Question 37

most common injury to the ulnar nerve

Answer 37

compressed in Osborne's fascia (cubital tunnel)

Question 38

why is a fracture to the scaphoid potentially serious

Answer 38

it has poor blood supply = avascular necrosis during the healing process

Question 39

injury to the brachial artery (occlusion/laceration) can result in

Answer 39

ischemia of the deep flexor muscles of the forearm --> Volkmann's ischemic contracture

Question 40

the ulna and radial arteries join to form the ____ which supplies ____

Answer 40

join to form the palmar arch digital branches supply each digit

Question 41

necessary wrist extension degrees for optimal use of hand

Answer 41

20-30 degrees

Question 42

distal row of carpal bones (lateral to medial)

Answer 42

trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate

Question 43

median nerve injury results in (wrist)...

Answer 43

flexion of the digits on the radial side of the hand precision grip

Question 44

what is the volar plate and where is it located

Answer 44

thickening of the capsule present at palmar aspect of MCP, PIP, and DIP

Question 45

purpose of extensor hood

Answer 45

assist with extension of PIP and DIP joints

Question 46

major radial deviators (abduction)

Answer 46

ECRL ERCB FCR

Question 47

the brachial artery is a continuation of the _____ artery where can the brachial artery be palpated

Answer 47

axillary --> brachial palpated over anterior cubital fossa

Question 48

blood supply to the hand

Answer 48

ulna and radial arteries

Question 49

during flexion, digits rotate ______ to enhance grasp and opposition

Answer 49

radially

Question 50

injury to the suprascapular nerve results in

Answer 50

decreased ABD decreased ER

Question 51

the carpal tunnel has a...

Answer 51

flexor retinaculum

Question 52

radial nerve damage affects the ability to (wrist/hand)...

Answer 52

maintain functional wrist position release an object