Neuromuscular Part Seven

Question 1

how should status epilepticus be treated

Answer 1

medical emergency

Question 2

traumatic nerve injuries ranked least to worst

Answer 2

1. neurapraxia
2. axonotmesis
3. neurotmesis

Question 3

in general, what muscles are affected with myasthenia gravis

Answer 3

proximal

extraocular

facial

muscles of mastication

Question 4

myasthenia gravis generally affects proximal or distal muscles

Answer 4

proximal

Question 5

for polyneuropathy:

are arms or legs more affected

proximal or distal more

Answer 5

legs > arms

distal segments involved earlier than proximal

Question 6

most common gait deviation with cerebellar issues

Answer 6

ataxic

Question 7

what is asthenia

Answer 7

generalized weakness

Question 8

describe a temporal lobe seizure

Answer 8

episodic changes in behavior

complex hallucinations

Question 9

when is canalith repositioning treatment appropriate

Answer 9

horizontal SCC BPPV

posterior SCC BPPV

Question 10

what is trigeminal neuralgia exacerbated by

Answer 10

stress/cold

Question 11

what is vestibular neuronitis/labyrinthitis

Answer 11

acute infection with prolonged attack of symptoms (persists for several days or weeks)

Question 12

what are Brandt-Daroff exercises for

Answer 12

residual or mild vertigo (BPPV)

Question 13

generalized seizures AKA

Answer 13

grand mal seizures

Question 14

what is nystagmus

Answer 14

involuntary, cyclical movement of the eyeball

Question 15

what is Meniere’s disease

Answer 15

recurrent and usually progressive vestibular disease

episodic attacks (minutes-several hours)

Question 16

for trigeminal neuralgia, are symptoms symmetrical or asymetrical

Answer 16

asymmetrical

Question 17

what is trigeminal neuralgia relieved by

Answer 17

relaxation

Question 18

for cerebellar lesions, what would be appropriate to assist decreasing ataxic movements

Answer 18

weighted waist belts

walkers

ankle cuffs, wrist cuffs

Question 19

for cerebellar lesions, postural control is weakened in what group of muscles

Answer 19

proximal

Question 20

consistent finding of meniere’s

Answer 20

edema of membranous labyrinth

Question 21

what is status epilepticus

Answer 21

prolonged seizures/series of seizures lasting over 30 minutes with very little time between attacks

Question 22

what is Wallerian degeneration

Answer 22

degeneration of the axon and myelin sheath distal to the site of axonal interuption

Question 23

what should be done in the presence of a seizure

Answer 23

remain with patient

remove potentially harmful nearby objects

loosen restrictive clothing

do not restrain limbs

TURN HEAD TO SIDE/sidelying

Question 24

what is neuralgia

Answer 24

pain along a nerve

Question 25

what is epilepsy

Answer 25

recurrent seizures

Question 26

what is a temporal lobe seizre preceded by

Answer 26

aura

Question 27

etiology of myasthenia gravis

Answer 27

autoimmune antibody-mediated attack on Ach receptors at NMJ

Question 28

classic LMN syndrome symptoms

Answer 28

weakness hyporeflexia hypotonia atrophy fatigue

Question 29

what is myasthenic crisis

Answer 29

myasthenia gravis with respiratory failure | treat as medical emergency

Question 30

is fatigue common with myasthenia gravis

Answer 30

YUP

Question 31

what parts of the brain are involved for partial/focal seizures

Answer 31

only one part (symptoms specific to that area)

Question 32

what is mononeuropathy

Answer 32

involvement of a single nerve

Question 33

what is a petit mal seizure

Answer 33

posture is maintained repetitive blinking or other small movements present typically brief (last a few seconds)

Question 34

what is ployneuropathy

Answer 34

bilateral symmetical involvement of peripheral nerves

Question 35

difference between X1 and X2 paradigm

Answer 35

X1 - side-to-side eyes on stationary target X2 - side-to-side eyes on moving target

Question 36

what is radiculopathy

Answer 36

involvement of nerve roots

Question 37

with cerebellar lesions, what type of tremor is present

Answer 37

intention

Question 38

what divisions of the trigeminal nerve are most affected by trigeminal neuralgia

Answer 38

mandibular maxillary (opthalmic is rare)

Question 39

what is the liberatory maneuver for

Answer 39

posterior SCC BPPV

Question 40

what is vertigo

Answer 40

sensation of moving around in space or having objects move around a person

Question 41

symptoms of generzlied/grand mal seizure

Answer 41

dramatic loss of consciousness stiffening rhythmic movement of arms and legs eyes generally open

Question 42

how long does a grand mal seizure last

Answer 42

2-5 minutes

Question 43

do cerebellar lesions produce ipsilateral or contralateral symptoms

Answer 43

ipsilateral

Question 44

what is myasthenia gravis

Answer 44

neuromuscular junction disorder characterized by progressive muscular weakness fatiagability on exertion

Question 45

what is BPPV

Answer 45

brief attacks of vertigo and nystagmus that occur with certain head positions

Question 46

symptoms of meniere's disease

Answer 46

tinnitus deafness sensation of pressure/fullness within ear