Neisseriaceae Flashcards
1
Q
A gram positive (+) diplococcus
A
Streptococcus pneumoniae
2
Q
Gram negative (-) diplococci
A
- Neisseria spp.
- Moraxella spp.
3
Q
Gram negative (-) curved bacilli
A
- Vibrio spp.
- Plesiomonas spp.
- Aeromonas spp.
- Campylobacter spp.
- Helicobacter spp.
4
Q
When the organism appears to be gram negative (-), the first test to conduct is __________.
A
Oxidase Test
5
Q
All gram negative (-) diplococci and curved bacilli are ______.
A
oxidase positive (+)
6
Q
Neisseria spp. belong to the family _________.
A
Neisseriaceae
7
Q
What are some generas under the family Neisseriaceae?
A
MNEMONIC: EKS
* Eikenella spp.
* Kingella spp.
* Simonsiella spp.
8
Q
How are Neisseria spp. different from other generas of Neisseriaceae?
A
- Neisseria spp. are OXIDASE and CATALASE (+)
- In terms of morphology nd gram stain reaction, they are GRAM (-) DIPLOCOCCI.
Other generas are (-) for catalase, and are bacilli.
9
Q
How can we differentiate Neisseria spp. from other generas of the family Neisseriaceae?
A
By performing a CATALASE TEST
Neisseria spp. are (+), while others are (-)
10
Q
What is the aerotolerance of Neisseria spp.?
A
Capnophilic, Aerobic (in terms of metabolism)
11
Q
Neisseria spp. can grow _______ if alternative electron receptors are available.
A
anaerobically
12
Q
Neisseria spp. can grow anaerobically if ____________ are available.
A
alternative electron receptors (e.g., nitrites)
13
Q
Are Neisseria spp. motile?
A
No
14
Q
Are Neisseria spp. spore-forming?
A
No
15
Q
Which Neisseria spp. are gram negative (-) bacilli?
A
MNEMONIC: EWBa
* N. elongata
* N. weaveri
* N. bacilliformis
16
Q
What is the specific shape of Neisseria spp.?
A
Kidney-bean shaped diplococci
17
Q
Which Neisseria spp. are oxidase (+) but are catalase (-)?
A
MNEMONIC: EBa
* N. elongata
* N. bacilliformis
18
Q
Neisseria spp. are normal inhabitants of the _______.
A
Upper Respiratory Tract (URT)
19
Q
Which Neisseria spp. are not considered a normal flora?
A
MNEMONIC: GoAn
* N. gonorrhoeae
* N. animaloris
20
Q
The presence of these bacteria can be pathogenic.
A
- N. gonorrhoeae
- N. animaloris
21
Q
Are Neisseria spp. fastidious?
A
Yes
22
Q
What are the requirements for Neisseria spp. in order for them to grow?
A
CO2 and iron
23
Q
These bacteria compete for the iron in our body.
A
N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis
24
Q
The bacterial cell of Neisseria spp. have a receptor for ______.
A
Transferrin
25
It is the transport protein of iron, which cleans the iron in our body.
Transferrin
26
How does transferrin supply iron to *Neisseria* spp.?
By attaching to the receptor on the bacterial cell
27
These species are found to be pathogenic for humans, and are found associated inside polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs).
*N. gonorrhoeae* and *N. meningitidis*
28
How is *N. gonorrhoeae* transmitted?
By sexual intercouse (STI)
29
How is *N. meningitidis* transmitted?
By repiratory droplets
30
What is the optimum temperature for *Neisseria* spp.?
32 - 37 C
31
Enumerate the virulence factors associated with *Neisseria* spp.
1. Receptor for Transferrin
2. Capsule
3. Pili
4. Cell membrane proteins
5. Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) or Endotoxin
6. Immunoglobulin A protease
7. Lip (H8)
8. Ferric-binding protein (FBP)
32
Which *Neisseria* sp. is encapsulated?
*N. meningitidis*
33
The basis of virulence is determined by the presence or absence of ______.
Pili (fimbriae)
34
5 Colonial Types of *N. gonorrhoeae*
T1, T2, T3, T4, T5
35
Which colonial type of *N. gonorrhoeae* is **virulent**?
T1 and T2
| They are virulent because **PILI is PRESENT**
36
Which colonial type of *N. gonorrhoeae* is **avirulent**?
T3, T4, and T5
| They are avirulent because **PILI is ABSENT**
37
Which cell membrane protein is encoded by the gene "por"?
Protein I
38
Protein I is encoded by the gene ______.
por
39
# Which virulence factor?
It forms a channel for nutrients to pass into and waste products to exit the cell.
Protein I
40
Two Types of Por Gene
Por A and Por B
41
# Types of Por Gene
Which por gene can be found in *N. meningitidis*?
Por A and Por B
42
# Types of Por Gene
Which por gene can be found in *N. gonorrhoeae*?
Por B
43
# Which virulence factor?
It facilitates adherence to phagocytic and epithelial cells.
Protein II (Opa)
44
# Which virulence factor?
It blocks the bacteriocidal effect of host IgG.
Protein III (Reduction Modified Protein)
45
# Which virulence factor?
It resembles the human cell membrane glycosphingolipid.
Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) or Endotoxin of *N. gonorrhoeae*
46
# Which virulence factor?
It cleaves the IgA on mucosal surfaces.
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Protease
47
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Protease can also be found in _______.
*S. pneumoniae* and *H. influenzae*
48
# Which virulence factor?
A surface exposed protein that is heat-modifiable like Opa.
Lip (H8)
49
# Which virulence factor?
It is expressed when the available iron supply is limited.
Ferric-binding protein (FBP)
50
Which carbohydrate is the only one that *Neisseria gonorrhoeae* oxidizes?
Glucose
51
How can we differentiate *Neisseria gonorrhoeae* from other species of *Neisseria*?
By performing Carbohydrate Utilization Test
| Wherein **GLUCOSE** is the only carbohydrate that *N. gonorrhoeae* oxidi
52
Which strain of *N. gonorrhoeae* requires arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil?
AHU Strains
53
AHU stands for ____.
Arginine, Hypoxanthine, Uracil
54
AHU strains are found in _________.
3-5% asymptomatic males with gonorrhea
55
_____ are responsible for the asymptomatic manifestation of gonorrhea.
AHU Strains
56
AHU strains are found in ____ of asymptomatic males.
3-5%
57
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Commonly affected sites in Males
Urethra
58
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Commonly affected sites in Females
Cervix
59
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae* is only found on mucous membranes of the ___________ at the time of infection.
genitalia, anorectal area, oropharynx, and conjunctiva
60
An acute pyogenic infection of the non-ciliated columnar and transitional epithelium.
Gonorrhea
61
Gonorrhea is acquired through ________.
sexual contact
62
Gonorrhea is also known as the ______.
*"Flow of Seed"*
63
Gonorrhea is also known as _____ which came from the French word "clapoir" meaning brothel.
*"The Clap"*
64
*Clapoir* in French means _______.
Brothel
65
Incubation period of Gonorrhea
2-7 days
66
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Clinical Infections in Males
1. Acute urethritis
2. Dysuria
67
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Clinical Infections in Females
1. Dysuria
2. Cervical discharge
3. Lower abdominal pain
68
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Percentage of Asymptomatic Females
50%
69
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Percentage of Women Experiencing Concurrent Anorectal Infections
30-60%
70
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
The most common and known complication in Women
Perihepatitis
71
Perihepatitis is also known as ________.
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
72
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Other complications in Women
Pelvic inflammatory disease, sterility, ectopic pregnancy
73
A gonococcal eye infection transmitted vertically from the mother to baby.
Ophtalmia neonatorum
74
What are the 2 kinds of Vertical Transmission?
1. Transplacental
2. Connatal
75
*N. gonorrhoeae* is sensitive to _________.
* extreme temperatures
* disinfectants
* cotton swabs
76
Specimens for *N. gonorrhoeae*
Pus and secretions
77
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Specimen of choice for Men
Urethra
78
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Specimen of choice for Women
Endocervix
79
Which swabs are preferred for collecting *N. gonorrhoeae*?
Dacron or Rayon swabs
80
These are not used for they are toxic and inhibitory for *N. gonorrhoeae*.
Calcium alginate and cotton swabs
81
A bedside culture media
Direct Plating
82
These are used whenever direct plating is not possible.
Transport systems such as JEMBEC, Gono-Pak, and Transgrow
83
JEMBEC stands for _________.
**J**ames **E**. **M**artin **B**iological **E**nvironmenal **C**hamber
84
Which pattern is done when streaking JEMBEC?
Z pattern
85
This is used when there is no JEMBEC or other transport systems available.
Amies Medium with Charcoal
86
Amies medium with charcoal is plated within _______ after collection.
6 hours
87
If there is no discharge, the swab is inserted _____ deep into the anterior urethra.
2 cm
88
If there is no discharge, the swab is inserted _____ deep into the anal canal.
4-5 cm
89
# *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Urogenital specimens appearance under direct microscopic examination
Gram (-) intracellular kidney-shaped diplococci
90
Gram stain is not recommended for _______.
pharyngeal specimens
91
Why is gram stain not recommended for pharyngeal specimens?
Because the oral part of our body contains many *Neisseria* microbiota which can be hard to distinguish.
92
What does it mean when you see more than 5 polymorphonuclear neutrophils with no bacteria?
Non-gonoccocal urethritis
| **Caused by:** *Chlamydia trachomatis* or *Ureaplasma urealyticum*
93
Non-gonococcal urethritis is caused either by _______.
*Chlamydia trachomatis* or *Ureaplasma urealyticum*
94
Medium of Choice for *N. gonorrhoeae*
CHOC Agar (CAP)
95
Other media used for *N. gonorrhoeae*
Trypticase Soy Agar with 5% sheep blood
96
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*N. gonorrhoeae* can grow on Sheep Blood Agar or BAP.
False
97
Selective Media for the Isolation of *N. gonorrhoeae* and *N. meningitidis*
1. Thayer-Martin
2. Modified Thayer-Martin
3. Martin Lewis
4. New York City
5. GC-LECT
98
Thayer-Martin inhibitory agents
- Vancomycin
- Colistin
- Nystatin
99
Vancomycin is an inhibitor of _______ organisms.
Gram positive (+)
100
Colistin is an inhibitor of _______ organisms.
Gram negative (-)
101
Nystatin is an inhibitor of _______.
Yeasts
102
Anisomycin is an inhibitor of _______.
Yeasts
103
Amphotericin B is an inhibitor of _______.
Yeasts
104
Trimethoprim is an inhibitor of _______.
Swarming *proteus* spp.
105
Lincomycin is an inhibitor of ______ organisms.
Gram positive (+)
106
Modified Thayer-Martin inhibitory agents
- Vancomycin
- Colistin
- Nystatin
- Trimethoprim
107
Martin-Lewis inhibitory agents
- Vancomycin
- Colistin
- Anisomycin
- Trimethoprim
108
New York City inhibitory agents
- Vancomycin
- Colistin
- Amphotericin B
- Trimethoprim
109
GC-LECT inhibitory agents
- Vancomycin
- Lincomycin
- Colistin
- Amphotericin B
- Trimethoprim
110
Standard incubation environment for *Neisseria* spp.
35 C in 3-5% CO2 atmosphere
111
A brand of candle jar, wherein instead of using a candle to generate CO2, CO2 pouch is used.
Gaspak Jar
112
Colonial apperance of *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Small, grayish-white, convex, translucent, shiny colonies with either smooth or irregular margins.
113
Microscopic morphology of *Neisseria* spp.
Gram negative (-) diplococci
114
Reagent for Oxidase Test
1% dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine-dihydrochloride or tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride
115
Positive result for Oxidase Test
Purple color within 10 seconds
116
Which culture media is used in Carbohydrate Utilization Test?
Cystine Trypticase Agar (CTA)
117
pH indicator for Carbohydrate Utilization Test
phenol red
118
Positive result for Carbohydrate Utilization Test
**(+) Acid:** Yellow color produced in 24-72 hours
119
Incubation period of *Neisseria* spp.
24 - 72 hours
120
Negative result for Carbohydrate Utilization Test
**(-) No Acid:** Red Color
121
Two principles of Immunologic Assays
1. Coagglutination using monoclonal antibodies (against gonococcal protein I)
2. Fluorescent antibody testing
122
Positive result for Immunologic Assays
(+) Agglutination
123
Matrix-Assisted Laser is also known as ________.
Desorption/Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)
124
It is the most advanced identification system for the identification of different bacteria.
Matrix-Assisted Laser (MALDI-TOF MS)
125
It identifies infectious pathogens by defining the unique protein signatures of the organism.
Matrix-Assisted Laser (MALDI-TOF MS)
126
It detects the enzymes that hydrolyze colorless substrates and produce colored end products.
Gonochek II
127
It treats only the strains that are isolated from selective media.
Chromogenic Substrates
128
It allows for the identification of strains isolated on selective or non-selective media.
Multitest Methods
129
A commensall as well as an invasive pathogen.
*Neisseria meningitidis*
130
How can *N. meningitidis* be invasive?
It is a normal flora of the URT. When it gains access to the bloodstream, it can go to the CNS and cause meningitis.
131
*N. meningitidis* is the etiologic agent of _______.
Meningitis and Meningococcemia
132
Serogroups of *N. meningitidis*
A, B, C, Y, and W-135
133
Capsular component of *N. meningitidis*
Sialic acid moieties
134
Two Common Clinical Infections caused by *N. meningitidis*
1. Meningitis
2. Meningococcemia
135
A common complication of meningococcemia.
Hemorrhage in the adrenal glands (Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome)
136
A syndrome characterized by bleeding in the adrenal glands.
Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome
137
It is characterized by an abrupt onset of frontal headache, stiff neck (nuchal rigidity), confusion, and photophobia.
Meningitis
138
Specimens for *N. meningitidis*
CSF, blood, nasopharyngeal swabs, aspirates, joint fluids, etc.
139
An anticoagulant in the blood that is inhibitory for *Neisseria* spp.
0.025% Sodium Polyanethole Sulfonate (SPS)
140
What is done when there are no other anticoagulants?
**Gelatin** is added to neutralize the effect of SPS
141
# *Neisseria meningitidis*
Direct Microscopic Examination
Intracellular and Extracellular gram negative (-) diplococci
142
# *Neisseria meningitidis*
Culture and Incubation
* SBA/BAP and CHOC/CAP Agar
* Same atmospheric conditions as *N. gonorrhoeae*
* Examined daily for 72 hours
143
# *Neisseria meningitidis*
Colonial Appearance
Medium, smooth, round, moist, gray to white, encapsulated, mucoid, may be greenish cast in agar underneath colonies.
144
# *Neisseria meningitidis*
Identification
* Oxidase and Catalase (+)
* Carbohydrate Utilization Test (Maltose, Glucose)
* Molecular Techniques
* MALDI-TOF MS
145
Which carbohydrate/s is/are utilized by *N. meningitidis*?
Maltose and Glucose
146
# *Neisseria meningitidis*
Drug of Choice (DOC)
Penicillin
147
# *Neisseria meningitidis*
Treatment for Meningococcemia
Third generation cephalosporin
148
# *Neisseria meningitidis*
Chemoprophylaxis
Rifampin, Ciprofloxacin
149
# *Neisseria meningitidis*
Treatment for Ciprofloxacin resistance
Azithromycin
150
# *Neisseria cinerea*
Glucose oxidation result in CTA
Negative (-)
151
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*Neisseria cinerea* cannot grow on SBA.
False
152
# *Neisseria cinerea*
Result in hydroxyprolyl aminopeptidase reaction
Positive (+)
153
# *Neisseria cinerea*
Reduction of nitrate
Negative (-)
154
# *Neisseria cinerea*
DNAse reaction result
Negative (-)
155
Which characteristics of *Neisseria cinerea* differentiates it from *Moraxella catarrhalis*?
Negative DNAse reaction
156
Which characteristic of *Neisseria cinerea* differentiates it from *Neisseria flavescens*?
Lack of yellow pigment production
157
*Neisseria lactamica* is typically found in the _______.
Nasopharynx of infants and children
158
______ the only *Neisseria* sp. that utilizes lactose.
*Neisseria lactamica*
159
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*N. gonorrhoeae* exhibits a delayed lactose utilization.
False
| **Correct Ans:** *Neisseria lactamica*
160
*N. lactamica* is often confused with ______.
*Neisseria meningitidis*
161
# *Neisseria lactamica*
Ortho-nitrophenyl-β-D galactopyranoside result
Positive (+)
162
A test used to detect the presence of delayed lactose fermeners.
ONPG Test
163
ONPG stands for ___________.
Ortho-nitrophenyl-β-D galactopyranoside
164
It is large, often adherent to the agar, and very mucoid.
*Neisseria mucosa*
165
*N. mucosa* is documented to cause _______ in children.
Pneumonia
166
*N. mucosa* has the same carbohydrate pattern as _______.
* *N. sicca*
* *N. subflava* biovar. *perflava*
167
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*N. mucosa* has the ability to reduce nitrite to nitrogen gas.
True
168
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*N. mucosa* is capable of pigment production.
False
169
Dry, wrinkled, adherent, and breadcrumb-like
*Neisseria sicca*
170
Sicca means ____.
dry
171
Two most common *Neisseria* spp. found in the respiratory tract
- *N. sicca*
- *N. subflava* biovar.*perflava*
172
*Neisseria sicca* causes _________.
Endocarditis
173
A variant of *Neisseria mucosa*
*Neisseria sicca*
174
"Less yellow"
*Neisseria subflava*
175
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*N. subflava* is part of the upper respiratory microbiota.
True
176
*N. subflava* is capable of causing serious infections such as _______.
bacteremia, meningitis, septicemia
177
*N. subflava* resembles the infections caused by ________.
*N. meningitidis*
178
*N. subflava* has a reduced sensitivity to _________.
penicillin, cefixime, ciprofloxacin
179
*N. subflava* has a reduced ________ to penicillin, cefixime, and ciprofloxacin.
sensitivity
180
________ has a reduced sensitivity to penicillin, cefixime, and ciprofloxacin.
*N. subflava*
181
What are the 3 subspecies of *Neisseria elongata*?
1. *Neisseria elongata* subsp. ***elongata***
2. *Neisseria elongata* subsp. ***glycolytica***
3. *Neisseria elongata* subsp. ***nitroreducens***
182
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*N. elongata* is not a commensal in the URT.
False
183
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*N. elongata* is an opportunistic pathogen.
True
184
A normal oral microbiota in dogs.
*Neisseria weaveri*
185
It is found in humans in infections following dog bites.
*Neisseria weaveri*
186
# *Neisseria weaveri*
Catalase Test Result
Positive (+)
187
# *Neisseria weaveri*
Acid Production using COH
Negative (-)
188
# *Neisseria weaveri*
Reduction of nitrate
Negative (-)
189
# *Neisseria weaveri*
Reduction of nitrite to gas
Positive (+)
190
# *Neisseria weaveri*
Phenylalanine deaminase result
Weakly Positive (+)
191
*Neisseria weaveri* is ______ to penicillin.
sensitive
192
*Neisseria weaveri* is sensitive to ______.
penicillin
193
*Moraxella* spp. belong to the family ______.
Moraxellaceae
194
Three genera under Family Moraxellaceae
1. ***M**oraxella* spp.
2. ***A**cinetobacter* spp.
3. ***P**sychrobacter* spp.
195
It is isolated only from humans.
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
196
**TRUE OR FALSE.**
*M. catarrhalis* is a commensal of the GIT.
False
| **Correct ans:** URT
197
The third most common cause of acute otitis media and sinusitis.
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
198
*M. catarrhalis* is the________ cause of acute otitis media and sinusitis.
third most common
199
*M. catarrhalis* is the third most common cause of ________.
acute otitis media and sinusitis
200
# *Moraxella catarrhalis*
Oxidase Test Result
Positive (+)
201
# *Moraxella catarrhalis*
Catalase Test Result
Positive (+)
202
Can *Moraxella catarrhalis* utilize carbohydrates?
No, it is **Asaccharolytic**
203
# *Moraxella catarrhalis*
Antimicrobial Agents
1. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
2. Extended-spectrum cephalosporins
3. Azithromycin
4. Quinolones
5. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
204
Which tests can be used to differentiate *Moraxella catarrhalis* from *Neisseria* spp.?
1. DNAse
2. Butyrate esterase
| *M. catarrhalis* is positive (+) for both, while *Neisseria* spp. is (-)
205
# *Moraxella catarrhalis*
Specimen Collection
Middle ear effusions, nasopharynx, sinus aspirates, etc.
206
# *Moraxella catarrhalis*
Culture and Incubation
* SBA/BAP and CHOC/CAP Agar
* Can tolerate lower temperatures and grow well at 28 C
207
*Moraxella catarrhalis* grow well at ____ C.
28 C
208
# *Moraxella catarrhalis*
Colonial Appearance
* Smooth, opaque, gray to white colonies
* Hockey puck appearance
* Wagon-wheel appearance (older colonies)
209
Why are *M. catarrhalis* colonies called *"hockey puck"*?
Because it remains intact when pushed accross the media with a loop (glides)
210
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
Variable
211
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria cinerea*
Variable
212
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria elongata*
Variable
213
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria flavescens*
Negative (-)
214
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Positive (+)
215
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria lactamica*
Positive (+)
216
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria meningitidis*
Positive (+)
217
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria mucosa*
Negative (-)
218
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria polysaccharea*
Negative (-)
219
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria sicca*
Negative (-)
220
# **Growth on Modified Thayer Agar**
*Neisseria subflava*
Negative (-)
221
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria lactamica*
Variable
222
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Negative (-)
223
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria meningitidis*
Negative (-)
224
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria polysaccharea*
Negative (-)
225
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
Positive (+)
226
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria cinerea*
Positive (+)
227
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria elongata*
Positive (+)
228
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria flavescens*
Positive (+)
229
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria mucosa*
Positive (+)
230
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria sicca*
Positive (+)
231
# **Growth on Nutrient Agar at 35 C**
*Neisseria subflava*
Positive (+)
232
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
Positive (+)
233
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria cinerea*
Negative (-)
234
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria elongata*
Positive (+)
235
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria flavescens*
Positive (+)
236
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Negative (-)
237
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria lactamica*
Variable
238
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria meningitidis*
Negative (-)
239
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria mucosa*
Positive (+)
240
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria polysaccharea*
Negative (-)
241
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria sicca*
Positive (+)
242
# **Growth on Blood or Chocolate Agar at 25 C**
*Neisseria subflava*
Positive (+)
243
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
Negative (-)
244
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria cinerea*
Negative (-)
245
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria elongata*
Negative (-)
246
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria flavescens*
Negative (-)
247
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Positive (+)
248
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria lactamica*
Positive (+)
249
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria meningitidis*
Positive (+)
250
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria mucosa*
Positive (+)
251
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria polysaccharea*
Positive (+)
252
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria sicca*
Positive (+)
253
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: GLUCOSE**
*Neisseria subflava*
Variable
254
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
Negative (-)
255
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria cinerea*
Negative (-)
256
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria elongata*
Negative (-)
257
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria flavescens*
Negative (-)
258
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Negative (-)
259
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria lactamica*
Positive (+)
260
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria meningitidis*
Positive (+)
261
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria mucosa*
Positive (+)
262
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria polysaccharea*
Positive (+)
263
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria sicca*
Positive (+)
264
# **Rapid Fermentation Sugars: MALTOSE**
*Neisseria subflava*
Positive (+)
265
ALL are negative for Lactose EXCEPT ______.
*Neisseria lactamica*
266
ALL are negative for Sucrose EXCEPT _________.
*Neisseria mucosa* and *Neisseria sicca*
267
ALL are negative for Fructose EXCEPT _________.
*Neisseria mucosa* and *Neisseria sicca*
268
# **Nitrate Reduction**
ALL are negative EXCEPT _________.
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
*Neisseria mucosa*
269
# **Gas from Nitrate Reduction**
ALL are negative EXCEPT
*Neisseria mucosa*
270
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Moraxella catarrhalis*
Variable
271
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria cinerea*
Positive (+)
272
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria elongata*
Negative (-)
273
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria flavescens*
Positive (+)
274
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae*
Negative (-)
275
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria lactamica*
Positive (+)
276
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria meningitidis*
variable
277
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria mucosa*
Positive (+)
278
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria polysaccharea*
Negative (-)
279
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria sicca*
Positive (+)
280
# **0.01% Nitrate Reduction**
*Neisseria subflava*
Positive (+)
281
Organism that is negative for Superoxol (30% H2O2)
*Neisseria elongata*
