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Bacteriology > Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp., Campylobacter spp., Helicobacter spp., > Flashcards

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp., Campylobacter spp., Helicobacter spp., Flashcards

1
Q

In terms of the morphology, the common denominator between Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp., Campylobacter spp., and Helicobacter spp. is that they are all ___________.

A

Gram negative (-) CURVED bacilli

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2
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp., Campylobacter spp. are all members of the __________.

A

Non-Enteric Gastrointestinal Pathogens

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3
Q

Non-Enteric Gastrointestinal Pathogens are ________.

A

not part of the human normal flora

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4
Q

Enteric Gastrointestinal Pathogens

A

Enterobacteriaceae

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5
Q

Enteric Gastrointestinal Pathogens are _______.

A

part of the human normal flora

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6
Q

Vibrio spp. came from the Family ________.

A

Vibrionaceae

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE.
Vibrio spp. are asporogenous.

A

True

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8
Q

Measurement in diameter of Vibrio spp.

A

0.5 - 0.8 um by 1.4 - 2.6 um

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9
Q

Aerotolerance of Vibrio spp.

A

Facultative Anaerobes

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10
Q

Specific morphology of Vibrio spp.

A

curved or comma-shaped rods

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11
Q

Are Vibrio spp. motile?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Describe the flagella of Vibrio spp.

A

Monotrichous or Peritrichous

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13
Q

Vibrio spp.

Oxidase test

A

Positive (+)

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14
Q

Vibrio spp.

Catalase Test

A

Positive (+)

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15
Q

Other gram negative (-) curved bacilli motile organisms

A
  • Aeromonas spp.
  • Plesiomonas spp.
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16
Q

Vibrio spp.

Reduction of Nitrate to Nitrite

A

Positive (+)

EXCEPT: V. metschnikovii

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17
Q

Which Vibrio sp. cannot reduce nitrate to nitrite?

A

Vibrio metschnikovii

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18
Q

Vibrio spp. are found in ________.

A

marine and surface waters

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19
Q

Vibrio spp.

Optimum Growth Temperature

A

14 - 40 C

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20
Q

Are Vibrio spp. halophilic?

A

Yes

EXCEPT: V. cholerae and V. mimicus

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21
Q

Vibrio spp. are susceptible to ________.

A

Vibriostatic Compound O/129 (2,4-diamino-6, 7-diisopropylpteridine)

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22
Q

Vibrio spp. are ________ to vibriostatic compound O/129.

A

susceptible

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23
Q

Vibrio spp.

String Test Result

A

Positive (+)

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24
Q

It is the most common Vibrio sp.

A

Vibrio cholerae

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25
Q

Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of _______.

A

Cholera

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26
Q

Cholera is characterized by ________.

A

rice water stool

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27
Q

Cholera can cause diarrheal fluid loss which measures _______.

A

> 1 L/hour

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28
Q

Vibrio cholerae measures _________.

A

2 - 4 um long

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29
Q

Describe the flagellum of Vibrio cholerae

A

Polar Flagella

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30
Q

If V. cholerae is cultured in broth mediums, the flagella is _____.

A

polar sheathed

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31
Q

If V. cholerae is cultured in solid mediums, the flagella is _____.

A

unsheathed (peritrichous)

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32
Q

Vibrio cholerae

Virulence Factor/s

A

Cholera toxin (choleragen)

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33
Q

A powerful and heat-labile enterotoxin.

A

Choleragen

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34
Q

Choleragen is a powerful and ______ enterotoxin.

A

heat-labile

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35
Q

How is choleragen virulent?

A

Once it is ingested, the bacteria will colonize the small intestine and produce choleragen.

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36
Q

Which Vibrio spp. are not halophilic?

A
  • V. cholerae
  • V. mimicus
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37
Q

The presence or differences of this antigen is the basis of classification for Vibrio cholerae.

A

O lipopolysaccharide (O antigen)

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38
Q

It causes the epidemic and pandemic cholera.

A

O1 and O139

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39
Q

Vibrio cholerae

Three kinds of O antigen

A
  1. V. cholerae O1
  2. V. cholerae O139
  3. V. cholerae non-O1
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40
Q

V. cholerae O1 is further subclassified into _______.

A
  1. Ogawa
  2. Inaba
  3. Hikojima
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41
Q

V. cholerae O1

Ogawa O-antigen

A

A, B

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42
Q

V. cholerae O1

Inaba O-antigen

A

A, C

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43
Q

V. cholerae O1

Hikojima O-antigen

A

A, B, C

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44
Q

It resembles V. cholerae but fail to agglutinate in O1 antisera.

A

V. cholerae non-O1

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45
Q

All types of antigen share a common _______ and ________.

A

Flagellar (H) Antigen and Somatic (O) Antigen

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46
Q

Two biotypes of epidemic V. cholerae

A
  1. Classic
  2. El Tor
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47
Q

Two Biotypes of Epidemic V.cholerae

It is able to produce a hemolysin.

A

El Tor

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48
Q

Two Biotypes of Epidemic V.cholerae

It is unable to produce a hemolysin.

A

Classic

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49
Q

Two Biotypes of Epidemic V.cholerae

It is (+) for Voges-Proskauer Test.

A

El Tor

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50
Q

Two Biotypes of Epidemic V.cholerae

It is (-) for Voges-Proskauer Test

A

Classic

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51
Q

Two Biotypes of Epidemic V.cholerae

It is resistant to polymixin B.

A

El Tor

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52
Q

Two Biotypes of Epidemic V.cholerae

It is susceptible to polymixin B.

A

Classic

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53
Q

Two Biotypes of Epidemic V.cholerae

It uses chicken RBC

A

Classic

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54
Q

Enumerate the virulence factors of Vibrio cholerae

A
  1. Cholera toxin (choleragen)
  2. Zonula occludens toxin (ZOT)
  3. Accessory cholera enterotoxin (ACE)
  4. O1 and O139 somatic antigen
  5. Hemolysin/cytotoxin
  6. Motility
  7. Chemotaxis
  8. Mucinase
  9. Toxin coregulated pili (TCP)
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55
Q

Virulence Factors

It disrupts the tight junctions in the intestinal cells, decreasing the tissue resistance.

A

Zonula Occludens Toxin (ZOT)

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56
Q

Virulence Factors

It allows the bacteria to be distributed in the body.

A

Motility

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57
Q

Virulence Factors

It allows for the penetration to mucus layers.

A

Mucinase

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58
Q

Virulence Factors

It attaches the bacteria to the mucosal cell.

A

Toxin Coregulated Pili (TCP)

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59
Q

It is the primary cause of summer diarrhea in Japan.

A

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

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60
Q

V. parahaemolyticus is the primary cause of _______ in Japan.

A

summer diarrhea

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61
Q

V. parahaemolyticus is a halophilic bacterium that requires _______.

A

1 - 8% NaCl

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62
Q

It causes acute gastroenteritis after ingestion of contaminated seafood.

A

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

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63
Q

V. parahaemolyticus causes ________ after ingestion of contaminated seafood.

A

Acute gastroenteritis

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64
Q

Acute gastroenteritis can be acquired from ______.

A

Eating contaminated seafood

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65
Q

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Incubation Period

A

12 - 24 hours

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66
Q

A serotype of V. parahaemolyticus which is a pandemic type, and implicated in food-borne outbreaks in the world.

A

O3:K6

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67
Q

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Aerotolerance

A

Facultative Anaerobes

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68
Q

TRUE OR FALSE.
V. parahaemolyticus grows well on blood agar.

A

True

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69
Q

TRUE OR FALSE.
V. parahaemolyticus does not grow well on TCBS agar.

A

False

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70
Q

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

TCBS Result

A

Green Colonies

They do not ferment sucrose.

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71
Q

pH indicator for TCBS agar

A

Bromthymol blue

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72
Q

(+) result for TCBS agar

A

Acid (+): Yellow colonies

Sucrose Fermenters

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73
Q

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Clinical Manifestations

A

Gastrointestinal Disease (self-limited)

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74
Q

A special, high salt mannitol medium.

A

Wagatsuma Agar

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75
Q

A characteristic possessed by V. parahaemolyticus which enables it to lyse RBCs in a special, high salt mannitol medium.

A

Kanagawa Phenomenon

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76
Q

Explain the Kanagawa Phenomenon

A

V. parahaemolyticus is a heat-stable hemolysin that is able to lyse RBCs in a special, high salt, mannitol medium called Wagatsuma Agar.

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77
Q

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

The signs and symptoms for gastrointestinal disease usually appears after ______.

A

24-48 hours of ingestion of contaminated seafood

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78
Q

It is the second most common cause of septicemia.

A

Vibrio vulnificus

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79
Q

Infections caused by V. vulnificus

A
  1. Primary Septicemia
  2. Wound infections
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80
Q

Vibrio vulnificus

Treatment of Choice

A
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Third generation cephalosporins (e.g. ceftriaxone)
  • Doxycycline
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81
Q

Vibrio vulnificus is a _____ fermenter.

A

Lactose

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82
Q

Can V. cholerae ferment sucrose?

A

Yes

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83
Q

Which Vibrio spp. is the least pathogenic for humans?

A

Vibrio alginolyticus

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84
Q

A strict halophile, requiring at least 1% NaCl.

A

Vibrio alginolyticus

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85
Q

V. alginolyticus NaCl requirement

A

at least 1%

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86
Q

V. alginolyticus can tolerate up to ______ NaCl.

A

10%

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87
Q

V. alginolyticus is associated with _________ infections.

A

wound, ear, and eye infections

88
Q

______ is an occupational hazard with people in constant contact with seawater.

A

Vibrio alginolyticus

89
Q

Specimens for Vibrio spp.

A
  • Stool
  • Wounds
90
Q

Vibrio spp.

_____ specimens should be inoculated 2-4 hours within of collection onto appropriate agar media.

A

Stool

91
Q

Vibrio spp.

Stool specimens should be inoculated within ________ of collection onto appropriate agar media.

A

2 - 4 hours

92
Q

Vibrio spp.

Wounds are collected via _______ or _______.

A

Aspirates or Swab

93
Q

Vibrio spp.

________ are collected via aspirates or swab.

A

Wounds

94
Q

Vibrio spp.

For delayed processing of specimen…

A

The specimen is mixed in Cary-Blair transport medium and is refrigerated.

95
Q

Which transport medium is used for delayed processing?

A

Cary-Blair

96
Q

_______ is not recommended as a transport or holding medium for Vibrio spp.

A

Buffered Glycerol Saline

97
Q

Why is buffered glycerol saline not recommended for Vibrio spp.?

A

Glycerol is toxic for Vibrio spp.

98
Q

What is the gram stain reaction and morphology of the bacteria commonly seen in stool specimens?

A

Gram (-) bacilli

99
Q

Which medium is used if there is a suspected presence of Vibrio spp.?

A

Alkaline Peptone Water (APW)

100
Q

Why is APW used for Vibrio spp.?

A

It has some characteristics that favor the growth of Vibrio spp.

High pH and and NaCl content

101
Q

Vibrio spp.

Time of Collection

A

As Soon As Possible (ASAP)

102
Q

Vibrio spp.

Direct Microscopic Examination

A
  • Gram (-) bacilli
  • “shooting star” motility
103
Q

Describe the motility of Vibrio spp.

A

“shooting star”

104
Q

Which organism exhibits a “shooting star” motility?

A

Vibrio spp.

105
Q

Which type of microscope is used to view the motility of Vibrio spp.?

A

Darkfield or Phase-contrast Microscope

106
Q

Vibrio spp.

Culture Media

A
  • Nutrient Agar or SBA (0.5% NaCl)
  • MacConkey Agar (V. vulnificus)
  • Thiosulfate, Citrate, Bile Salt Sucrose Agar (TCBS)
  • Alkaline Peptone Broth or Water (1% NaCl and pH 8.5)
  • Taurocholate Peptone Broth (pH 8.0 - 9.0)
  • CHROMagar Vibrio
107
Q

Vibrio spp.

Nutrient Agar and SBA content

A

0.5% NaCl

108
Q

Thiosulfate, Citrate, Bile Salt Sucrose Agar

Differential Component

A

Sucrose

109
Q

Thiosulfate, Citrate, Bile Salt Sucrose Agar

(-) Result

A

Green

110
Q

Thiosulfate, Citrate, Bile Salt Sucrose Agar

Selective Component

A

Sodium Thiosulfate, Citrate, Bile Salt (oxgal), high pH

111
Q

MacConkey Agar

(+) Result

A

Pink Colonies

112
Q

MacConkey Agar

(-) Result

A

Colorless

113
Q

Vibrio spp.

Alkaline Peptone Broth or Water content

A

1% NaCl + pH 8.5

114
Q

Vibrio spp.

Taurocholate Peptone Broth content

A

pH 8.0 - 9.0

115
Q

CHROMagar Vibrio is suited for _______.

A
  • V. cholerae
  • V. parahaemolyticus
  • V. vulnificus
116
Q

Vibrio spp.

Sucrose Fermenters (yellow colonies in TCBS)

A
  • V. cholerae
  • V. alginolyticus
  • V. fluvialis
  • V. furnassii
  • V. cincinnatiensis
  • V. metschnikovii
  • some V. vulnificus
117
Q

Vibrio spp.

Non-Sucrose Fermenters (green colonies in TCBS)

A
  • V. mimicus
  • V. parahaemolyticus
  • P. damselae
  • most V. vulnificus
118
Q

Which Vibrio sp. does not grow on TCBS?

A

Grimontia (Vibrio) hollisae

119
Q

Vibrio spp.

Colonial Appearance

A

Medium to large, smooth, opaque, iridescent with a greenish hue

120
Q

Which organism?

Medium to large, smooth, opaque, iridescent with a greenish hue colonies

A

Vibrio spp.

121
Q

Vibrio spp.

Beta-hemolytic NLF

A
  • V. cholerae
  • V. fluvialis
  • V. mimicus
122
Q

Vibrio spp.

Identification

A
  • Oxidase Test
  • Nutrient Broth w/ 6% salt
  • String Test
  • Vibrio static test O/129
123
Q

ALL Vibrio spp. are oxidase (+) EXCEPT _______.

A

V. metschnikovii

124
Q

ALL Vibrio spp. are indole (+) EXCEPT _______.

A

P. damselae

125
Q

ALL Vibrio spp. are not capable of producing gas from glucose EXCEPT _______.

A

V. furnissii

126
Q

ALL Vibrio spp. are lysine decarboxylase (+) EXCEPT _________.

A
  • G. hollisae
  • V. fluvialis
  • V. furnissii
  • V. vulnificus
127
Q

ALL Vibrio spp. are arginine dihydrolase (-) EXCEPT _________.

A
  • P. damselae
  • V. fluvialis
  • V. furnissii
128
Q

ALL Vibrio spp. are ornithine decarboxylase (-) EXCEPT _________.

A
  • V. cholerae
  • V. mimicus
  • V. parahaemolyticus
  • V. vulnificus
129
Q

Aeromonas spp.

Oxidase

A

Positive (+)

130
Q

Aeromonas spp. are _______ fermenters.

A

Glucose

131
Q

Aeromonas spp. resemble morphologically the family _________.

A

Enterobacteriaceae

132
Q

How are Aeromonas spp. different from Enterobacteriaceae?

A
  1. Oxidase (+)
  2. Non-enteric gastrointestinal bacteria

Enterobacteriaceae is the opposite

133
Q

A member of the Family Enterobacteriaceae, but is oxidase positive (+)

A

Plesiomonas spp.

134
Q

Aeromonas spp. grow well on _______.

A

Blood Agar

135
Q

Aeromonas spp.

Hemolytic Pattern

A

β-hemolytic

136
Q

It causes gastroenteritis, which ranges from watery diarrhea to dysentery-like illness.

A

Aeromonas caviae

137
Q

Dysentery means ______.

A

Presence of blood, mucus, and pus

138
Q

It causes wound infections, and traumatic soft injuries (commonly described in patients with hematologic malignancies and/or liver disease).

A

Aeromonas hydrophila

139
Q

Aeromonas spp.

Treatment of Choice

A
  • Third generation cephalosporins
  • Aztreonam
  • Carbapenems
  • Aminoglycosides
140
Q

Aeromonas spp.

Intestinal Infections

A
  • Acute secretory diarrhea
  • Acute dysenteric form of diarrhea
  • Chronic diarrhea
  • Cholera-like disease
  • Nebulous syndrome (traveller’s diarrhea)
141
Q

Dysenteric illnesses are usually caused by _______.

A

Shigella spp.

142
Q

Chronic diarrhea caused by Aeromonas spp. usually lasts for _______.

A

more than 10 days

143
Q

Nebulous Syndrome is also known as _______.

A

Traveller’s Diarrhea

144
Q

It is associated with Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome (HUS) or kidney diseases that might require kidney transplantation.

A

Aeromonas veronii biovars. sobria and veronii

145
Q

It is linked to cholera-like diseases characterized by abdominal pain, fever, and nausea.

A

Aeromonas veronii biovar. sobria

146
Q

Which Aeromonas spp. often exhibit a β-hemolytic pattern?

A
  • A. hydrophila
  • A. veronii biovar. sobria
  • A. jandaei
147
Q

Aeromonas spp.

Culture

A
  • SBA (β-hemolytic)
  • MAC
  • Modified Cefsulodin Irgasan-Novobiocin II Plate (CIN)
  • CIN Medium
148
Q

Can Aeromonas spp. ferment lactose?

A

Yes

149
Q

Modified Cefsulodin Irgasan-Novobiocin II Plate (CIN) contents

A
  • 4 ug cefsulodin
  • Ampicillin
150
Q

CIN Medium contents

A

15 ug cefsulodin

151
Q

Appearance of Aeromonas spp. in CIN medium

A

Pink centered colonies (mannitol fermentation) with an uneven, clear apron resembling Yersinia enterocolitica

152
Q

Aeromonas spp.

Spot Indole Test Result

A

Positive (+)

153
Q

Aeromonas spp.

String Test Result

A

Negative (-)

154
Q

Aeromonas spp.

Presumptive Identification

A
  • Oxidase Test (+)
  • Spot Indole Test (+)
  • 0.5% NaCl
  • String Test (-)
155
Q

Similarities of Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

A
  1. Gram (-) Curved Bacilli
  2. Oxidase (+)
  3. Motile (+)
  4. Non-Enteric Bacilli (gastroenteritis)
156
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

O129 Susceptibility Test

A

Susceptible: Vibrio spp.,
Resistant: Plesiomonas spp.Aeromonas spp.,

157
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

Inositol Fermentation

To differentiate Vibrio spp. from Plesiomonas spp.

A

(+): Plesiomonas spp.
(-): Vibrio spp.

158
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

Indole

To differentiate Aeromonas spp.

A

(+): Aeromonas spp.
(-): Vibrio spp., Plesiomonas spp.

159
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

Mannitol Fermentation

A

(+): Vibrio spp.
(-): Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp.

160
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

Glucose Fermentation

A

(+): Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.
(-): -

161
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

6.5% NaCl

A

(+): Vibrio spp.
(-): Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

162
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

TCBS

A

(+): Vibrio spp.
(-): Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

163
Q

Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Plesiomonas spp.

Gelatin Liquefaction

A

(+): Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp.
(-): Plesiomonas spp.

164
Q

Campylobacter spp.

Aerotolerance

A

Microaerophilic

Requires reduced amount of oxygen

165
Q

Specific shape of Campylobacter spp.

A
  • Curved, comma-shaped, or S-shaped
  • seagull wing shape
166
Q

An organism characterized by a seagull wing shape.

A

Campylobacter spp.

167
Q

A zoonotic organism known to cause abortion in domestic animals.

A

Campylobacter spp.

168
Q

Campylobacter spp. is known to be associated with what syndrome?

A

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)

169
Q

Patients suffering from GBS often test positive for _______.

A

Campylobacter antibodies

170
Q

The most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis.

A

Campylobacter jejuni

171
Q

________ colonizes the stomach and cause inflammatory process until it develops gastritis which leads to ulcer.

A

Helicobacter pylori

172
Q

It causes cramps and bloody diarrhea.

A

Campylobacter jejuni

173
Q

A very common cause of diarrhea in humans.

A

Campylobacter jejuni

174
Q

It has been isolated most frequently from blood cultures.

A

Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus

175
Q

A Campylobacter sp. that is rarely associated with gastrointestinal illness.

A

Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus

176
Q

Helicobacter spp.

Aerotolerance

A

Microaerophiles

177
Q

_______ are not commonly isolated from culture media.

A

Helicobacter spp.

178
Q

It is strongly associated with gastric, peptic, and duodenal ulcers as well as gastrointestinal carcinoma.

A

Helicobacter pylori

179
Q

H. pylori is the major cause of ________.

A

Type B Gastritis

180
Q

Type B Gastritis is caused by ________.

A

Helicobacter pylori

181
Q

______ is associated with human gastroenteritis, generally in ICP.

A

Helicobacter cinaedi and Helicobacter fennelliae

182
Q

Helicobacter spp. also associated with gastroenteritis

A
  • H. canadensis
  • H. canis
  • H. pullorum
  • H. winghamensis
183
Q

An organism that is classified as a carcinogen.

A

Helicobacter pylori

184
Q

Campylobacter spp.

Specimen Collection

A
  • Stool samples (gastroenteritis)
  • Rectal swabs (less preferred)

Both are transported using Cary-Blair medium

185
Q

Campylobacter spp.

In collecting specimens, _______ are less preffered.

A

Rectal swabs

186
Q

Helicobacter pylori

Specimen Collection

A

Gastric biopsy in Cysteine-Brucella Broth

Transported via: Stuart’s Medium

187
Q

Cysteine-Brucella Broth contents

A
  • 20% glycerol (frozen at -70 C)
  • 10% sheep RBCs
  • Vancomycin
  • Trimethoprim
  • Polymixin B
  • Amphotericin B
  • Cefalotin
188
Q

Campylobacter spp. and Helicobacter spp.

Culture

A
  • Campylobacter Blood Agar/ Campy Blood Agar
  • Butzler’s Medium
  • Skirrow’s Medium
  • Campy-CVA (Cefoperazone, Vancomycin, Amphotericin B)
  • Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate Agar (CCDA)
  • Charcoal-based Selective Medium (CSM)
189
Q

It provides better suppression to fecal normal flora.

A

Campy-CVA Medium

190
Q

Campy-CVA medium is incubated at ________ for the recovery of Campylobacter spp.

A

37 C

191
Q

Campy-CVA is a subculture for ______.

A
  • Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus
  • Campylobacter fetus subsp. rectus
  • Campylobacter fetus subsp. curvus
192
Q

Campylobacter spp.

Incubation Period

A
  • 42 C- majority
  • 37 C - Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus
193
Q

Campylobacter spp.

Atmospheric Requirements

A
  • 5% O2
  • 10% CO2
  • 85% N2
194
Q

Helicobacter spp.

Atmospheric Requirements

A
  • 5% - 10% O2
  • 5% - 12% CO2
195
Q

Campylobacter spp. and Helicobacter spp.

Colonial Morphology

A

Moist, runny-looking and spreading, non-hemolytic, round and raised, and others may be flat.

196
Q

Campylobater fetus subsp. fetus

Colonial Morphology

A

Smooth, convex, transluscent

197
Q

_________ can produce a dirty yellow pigment.

A

Campylobacter mucosalis and Campylobacter hyointestinalis

198
Q

Campylobacter spp. and Helicobacter spp.

Microscopic Morphology

A

Curved, asporogenous, gram (-) bacilli/rods

199
Q

Campylobacter spp.

Microscopic Morphology

A
  • Long spirals or S- or seagull-wing shape
  • “darting” motility via phase-contrast microscope using hanging operation
200
Q

Campylobacter spp.

Oxidase Test Result

A

Positive (+)

201
Q

Helicobacter spp.

Oxidase Test Result

A

Positive (+)

202
Q

Campylobacter jejuni

Hippurate Hydrolysis Test

A

Positive (+)

203
Q

Campylobacter jejuni is positive (+) in ____________.

A

Hippurate Hydrolysis Test

204
Q

______ is capable of rapid Urease production.

A

Helicobacter pylori

205
Q

Which culture medium is used for rapid urease production?

A

Christensen’s Urea Medium

Incubated at 37 C for 2 hours

206
Q

Helicobacter pylori

Definitive Identification

A
  • Rapid Urease Production
  • Urea Breath Test
207
Q

Explain the process of Urea Breath Test

A
208
Q

Selective media for the cultivation of Campylobacter spp.

A
  1. Campy Blood Agar Plate
  2. Skirrow’s Medium
  3. Butzler’s Medium
  4. CCDA
209
Q

Campy Blood Agar

Base

A
  • Brucella Agar
  • 10% sheep RBCs
210
Q

Campy Blood Agar

Antimicrobial Agents

A

MNEMONIC: VTPAC
* Vancomycin
* Trimethoprim
* Polymixin B
* Amphotericin B
* Cefalotin

211
Q

Skirrow’s Medium

Base

A
  • Oxoid Agar Base
  • Lysed, defibrinated horse RBCs
212
Q

Skirrow’s Medium

Antimicrobial Agents

A

MNEMONIC: VTP
* Vancomycin
* Trimethoprim
* Polymixin B

213
Q

Butzler’s Medium

Base

A
  • Thioglycolate fluid with agar added
  • 10% sheep RBCs
214
Q

Butzler’s Medium

Antimicrobial Agents

A

MNEMONIC: BNACC
* Bacitracin
* Novobiocin
* Actidione
* Colistin
* Cefazolin

215
Q

Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate Agar (CCDA)

Base

A
  • Nutrient Agar
  • Sodium Deoxycholate
  • Charcoal
216
Q

Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate Agar (CCDA)

Antimicrobial Agents

A
  • Cefoperazone
  • Amphotericin B

Bacteriology (17 decks)

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