NERVOUS SYSTEM - STRUCTURES OF N.S

Question 1

What is the function of Neuroglia Cells?

Answer 1

Provide support and protection to neurons

Question 2

A dendrites function is known as?

Answer 2

Input portion

Question 3

What is Dopamine?

Answer 3

The brain’s ‘reward and pleasure’ centre. Responsible for emotional responses/addictive behaviours

Question 4

Which neuron contain a peripheral process and a central process?

Answer 4

Unipolar

Question 5

Which neuron structure contain one main dendrite and one axon?

Answer 5

Bipolar

Question 6

If neurotransmitter is inhibitory, AP is ______ likely

Answer 6

Less

Question 7

Describe function of Sensory/Afferent Neurons.

Answer 7

Located at the dendrite ends. Once activated by a stimulus, AP forms and travels along the axon and into the CNS

Question 8

An axons function is known as?

Answer 8

Output portion

Question 9

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Answer 9

x

Question 10

What is Myelin and its function?

Answer 10

Layers of lipid and protein covering to speed up AP

Question 11

Define the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).

Answer 11

A barrier that prevents the passage of materials from the blood and the brain. Protects brains from harmful substances.

Question 12

Astrocytes

Answer 12

Assists Blood-Brain Barrier and provide nutrients to neurons

Question 13

What is PRE-Synaptic Neuron?

Answer 13

The neuron SENDING signals

Question 14

What do Oligodendrocytes form and maintain?

Answer 14

Forms myelin sheath of CNS neurons

Question 15

Which neuron structure contains several dendrites and one axon?

Answer 15

Multipolar

Question 16

What is an Action Potential?

Answer 16

An electrical signal travelling along the cell membrane

Question 17

The peripheral axon of a unipolar neuron contain?

Answer 17

Sensory Receptors

Question 18

What is POST-Synaptic Neuron?

Answer 18

The neuron RECEIVING singals

Question 19

What is Serotonin?

Answer 19

A chemical controlling mood/sleep/appetite/temperature regulation/sensory perception

Question 20

The central axon of a unipolar neuron contain?

Answer 20

Axon Terminals

Question 21

What is the function of the ‘Microglia’?

Answer 21

It is a phagocytotic cell, that removes debris

Question 22

What is Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)?

Answer 22

A colourless fluid that circulates the brain and spinal cord.

Question 23

Describe Schwann Cells.

Answer 23

Found and functions in the PNS. They encircle the axon, form myelin sheath, and involved in regeneration

Question 24

Describe the function of Motor/Efferent Neurons.

Answer 24

The AP travels away from CNS, to the effectors

Question 25

Describe the function of Interneurons/Asscoiation Neurons.

Answer 25

The communication between sensory and motor neurons. Processes information (sensory.n) and activates response (motor.n) if needed.

Question 26

If neurotransmitter is excitatory, AP is ______ likely

Answer 26

More

Question 27

Define Synaptic Cleft.

Answer 27

Space between communicating neurons

Question 28

A cell body/soma function is?

Answer 28

Processes protein to parts of the neurons

Question 29

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)

Answer 29

x

Question 30

What is Synapses?

Answer 30

Site of communication between two neurons or with another cell

Question 31

Where are the Synaptic End Bulbs located?

Answer 31

The ends of Axon Terminals

Question 32

Explain a Electrical Synapses.

Answer 32

APs conduct directly between the plasma membranes through gap junctions

Question 33

What is a Stimulus?

Answer 33

A major change in environment (internal/external) that activates an AP

Question 34

Where are Axon Terminals located?

Answer 34

The ends of an axon

Question 35

Explain Chemical Synapses.

Answer 35

AP reaches the end of the pre-synaptic neuron, the release of a neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft, binds to the post-synaptic neuron

Question 36

Neurotransmitter (NT)

Answer 36

A chemical released by the pre-synaptic neuron to affect the post-synaptic neurons or effector

Question 37

What is the function of Ependymal cells?

Answer 37

Produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid in brain and spinal cord