Flashcards in ochem chapter 1 Deck (14):
1
nomenclature
the set of accepted conventions for naming compounds
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alkanes
are the simplest organic molecules, consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms held together by single bonds. Ending in -ane
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cycloalkanes
alkanes can form rings. They are named accordng to the number of carbon atoms in the ring with the prefix cyclo-
4
alkenes
(or olefins) are compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds. Ending in -ene
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cycloalkenes
are named like cycloalkanes but with the suffix -ene rather than -ane
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alkynes
are compounds that possess carbon-carbon triple bonds. Suffix of -yne
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acetylene
the common name for ethyne
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diols
molecules with two hydroxyl groups and are named with the suffix -diol
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vicinal
diols with hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbons
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geminal
diols with hydroxyl groups on the same carbon
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ethers
are named as derivatives of alkanes, and the larger alkyl group is chosen as the backbone
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aldehydes
are named according to the longest chain containing the aldehyde functional group
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ketones
are named analogously, with -one as a suffix
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