Personality

Question 1

Sigmund Freud

Answer 1

psychoanalysis
unconscious
free association
dream analysis

Question 2

Psychoanalysis

Answer 2

attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts (believed to be the cause of you personality)

Question 3

Unconscious

Answer 3

unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, desires, urges, memories

Question 4

Free Association

Answer 4

exploring the unconscious by relaxing and saying whatever comes to mind no matter how trivial or embarrassing

Question 5

Id

Answer 5

operates on pleasure principle, strives to satisfy selfish impulses and needs, not constrained by reality, wants to avoid pain and receive instant gratification

Question 6

Ego

Answer 6

operates on reality principle, mediates the demands of the id and superego, primary acting force of the personality and structure

Question 7

Superego

Answer 7

voice of conscious, focuses on how one ought to behave, thinks of what’s best for society, strives for perfection

Question 8

Oral Stage

Answer 8

(0-18 months)
Pleasure centers on mouth; sucking, biting, chewing
Oral Fixation

Question 9

Anal Stage

Answer 9

(18-36 months)
Pleasure focuses on bowl and bladder elimination
Demand for Control

Question 10

Phallic Stage

Answer 10

(3-6 years)
Pleasure zone is in the genitals
Oedipus or Electra Complex

Question 11

Latency Stage

Answer 11

(6 to puberty)

Dormant sexual feelings

Question 12

Genital Stage

Answer 12

(Puberty on)

maturation of sexual interest

Question 13

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 13

Ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

Question 14

Displacement

Answer 14

shifting impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person

Question 15

Projection

Answer 15

disguising one’s own threatening impulses by attributing to others

Question 16

Sublimation

Answer 16

directing unacceptable urges or desires into socially acceptable behavior

Question 17

Regression

Answer 17

returning to an earlier more comforting infantile form of behavior

Question 18

Rationalization

Answer 18

offering self justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening reason’s for one’s actions

Question 19

Repression

Answer 19

banishes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness

Question 20

Reaction Formation

Answer 20

expressing the opposite of how one truly feels

Question 21

Denial

Answer 21

refusing to acknowledge what has, is, or will happen

Question 22

Alfred Adler

Answer 22

inferiority complex: Children learning to overcome inadequacies from parents- the pattern they learn produces a lifestyle

Question 23

Karen Horney

Answer 23

Childhood anxiety: a child’s helplessness requires him/her to seek love and security

Question 24

Carl Jung

Answer 24

Collective unconscious: a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from the species’ history

Question 25

TAT

Answer 25

a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

Question 26

Rorshach Inkblot Test

Answer 26

the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, seeks to identify peoples inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots

Question 27

First born

Answer 27

leader

Question 28

Middle born

Answer 28

mediator

Question 29

Last born

Answer 29

rebel

Question 30

Humanistic theory

Answer 30

focus on human potential for growth

Question 31

self concept

Answer 31

all our thoughts and feelings we have about ourselves

Question 32

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Answer 32

1. physiological 2. safety 3. love and belonging 4. esteem 5. self-actualization 6. self-transcendence

Question 33

Carl Rogers

Answer 33

believed that in order for us to develop into healthy humans, we need genuineness, acceptance, and empathy

Question 34

Unconditional Positive Regard

Answer 34

an attitude of total acceptance toward another person

Question 35

self-serving bias

Answer 35

we view ourselves as better than average

Question 36

criticisms

Answer 36

- reinforces western cultural values - hierarchy may reflect only Maslow's personal values and ideals - fails to appreciate reality of human capacity for evill

Question 37

Personality Inventories

Answer 37

questionnaire used to measure a person's score opn certain traits

Question 38

MMPI

Answer 38

Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory- most widely used

Question 39

CANOE

Answer 39

``` Conscientiousness Agreeableness Neuroticism Openness to experience Extroversion ```

Question 40

Albert Bandera

Answer 40

Proposed social cognitive theory | bobo doll study

Question 41

Reciprocal determinsim

Answer 41

how we interact with the environment shapes who we are and vice versa

Question 42

Self-efficacy

Answer 42

our perceived ability to succeed

Question 43

locus of control

Answer 43

do we control what happens to us (internal locus) or do we have no control over life (external locus)

Question 44

learned helplessness

Answer 44

no control over repeated bad events leads to giving up

Question 45

optimism vs pessimism

Answer 45

measure of attitude and outlook