practice test 3

Question 1

receptor that is a free nerve ending that responds to extreme temp, mechanical damage and capsaicin

Answer 1

noiciceptor

Question 2

hormone produced by adrenal cortex

Answer 2

aldosterone
cortisol
testosterone

Question 3

muscles in middle ear that can help protect the struture of the ear from loud sounds

Answer 3

tensor tympani
stapedius

Question 4

leukocyte that is rare and induces inflammation through the release of histamine

Answer 4

basophil

Question 5

organ that removes erythrocytes and platelets from the blood, stores platelets and iron for later use, and provides a site for immune system surveillance by lymphocytes

Answer 5

spleen

Question 6

chemoreceptor examples

Answer 6

aortic body
carotid body
sensory neuron
olfacotry

Question 7

chamber of the heart that recieves o2 poor blood from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus

Answer 7

right atrium

Question 8

structure helps focus light on the retina by changing the shape of the lens

Answer 8

ciliary body

Question 9

example of an elastic artery

Answer 9

carotid
brachiocephalic
pulmonary trunk
aorta

Question 10

where does partial decussation of fibers from the optic nerves occur

Answer 10

optic chiasm

Question 11

which erythrocyte surface antigen is involved in erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 11

rh factor

Question 12

hormones released by anterior pituitary

Answer 12

fsh
lh
msh
prl
gh
tsh
acth

Question 13

what valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium

Answer 13

tricuspid

Question 14

structure crucial for helping to equalize pressure in the middle ear with atmospheric pressure

Answer 14

auditory eustachian tube

Question 15

type of blood vessel plays a major role in controlling blood flow through capillaries

Answer 15

arteriole

Question 16

type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs when the immune system destorys ___ in the pancreas, thus taking away the person’s ability to produce insulin

Answer 16

beta cells

Question 17

olfactory sensory neurons synapse directly with

Answer 17

second order neurons in the olfactory bulb of the brain

Question 18

lymphoid nodules in the oral cavity and pharynx are called

Answer 18

tonsils

Question 19

chordae tendineae are associated with the ___ of the heart

Answer 19

papillary muscles

Question 20

the spiral organ of corti is found within the

Answer 20

cochlear duct of the cochlea

Question 21

which type of capillary is the most permeable

Answer 21

sinusoidal capillary

Question 22

enlargement of the thryoid gland can occur due to a dietary defiency of

Answer 22

iodine

Question 23

lymph nodes house macrophages and lymphocytes that help

Answer 23

destroy pathogens and remove debris from lymph

Question 24

otoliths are embedded in a gelatinous membrane associated with the

Answer 24

maculae of the utricle

Question 25

which type of blood vessel is characterized by the presence of internal valves

Answer 25

large vein

Question 26

the hypophyseal portal system carries

Answer 26

hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary

Question 27

which of the following is responsible for the phenomeone known as referred pain

Answer 27

neuronal convergence

Question 28

purkinje fibers stimulate the

Answer 28

ventricles of the heart to contract

Question 29

hemoglobin can bind to

Answer 29

either o2 or co2 molecules

Question 30

what cells in the retina are responsible for color vision

Answer 30

cones

Question 31

gustatory cells send signals

Answer 31

to sensory neurons when activated

Question 32

which layer of a blood vessel is most responsible for vasconstriction and vasodilation

Answer 32

tunica media

Question 33

following strucutres/tissues part of palpebra

Answer 33

conjunctiva tasal plate muscle skin

Question 34

renin and erythropoietin are hormones produced by the

Answer 34

kidneys

Question 35

muscle spindle, which monitors the amount of stretch in skeletal muscles is an example of

Answer 35

proprioceptor

Question 36

anemia occurs when

Answer 36

blood has low capacity for carrying o2

Question 37

what cells in the adrenal medulla are modified post ganglionic neurons that release epinephrine directly into the blood

Answer 37

chromaffin cells

Question 38

type of lymphatic vessel directly empties lymph into the venous circulation near the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins

Answer 38

lymphatic duct

Question 39

which receptor is sensitive to pressure and distortion of the skin and consists of dendrites interwoven with collagen fibers in the dermis

Answer 39

bulbous ruffini corpuscle

Question 40

_____ connects the right and left atria of the fetal heart and normally closes after birth

Answer 40

foramen ovale

Question 41

what is the first structure light must pass through as it enters the eye

Answer 41

cornea

Question 42

which hormone is synthesized within follicles in a substance called colloid

Answer 42

T3

Question 43

phasic receptors are only active

Answer 43

when a change occurs in the conditions being monitored

Question 44

the area monitored by a receptor is called the

Answer 44

receptive field

Question 45

first order sensory neurons remain active when

Answer 45

central adaption is occuring

Question 46

tonic receptors are always

Answer 46

active even when stimulus level is constant

Question 47

the cerebral arterial circle connects

Answer 47

internal carotid and basilar arteries on the inferior aspect of the brain

Question 48

sensory structures is most likely monitered by neurons from the vestibular ganglion

Answer 48

ampullary crest

Question 49

most abundant protein type in blood plasma is

Answer 49

albumin

Question 50

which structure articulates directly with the tympanic membrane

Answer 50

malleus

Question 51

cardiac muscle cells with intercalated discs are concentrated within the

Answer 51

myocardium

Question 52

antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are produced within the ____ and released by the _____

Answer 52

hypothalamus posterior pituitary

Question 53

fragmentation of megakaryocytes results in the formation of

Answer 53

platelets