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Module 7 > Role of Environment of Bovine Lameness > Flashcards

Role of Environment of Bovine Lameness Flashcards

1
Q

what structure is this

A

cornary band

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2
Q

what structure is this

A

cornium

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3
Q

what is the normal weight bearing

A

50/50 even distribution between both claws

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4
Q

what is the overgrowth cycle

A
  1. normal foot exhibiting normal weight bearing distribution and normal locomotion
  2. loss of normal weight distribution
  3. increased pressure on feet
  4. increase growth rate
  5. loss of normal weight distribution –> grossly malformed foot predisposed to several causes of lameness
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5
Q

where does the overgrowth occur

A

abaxially and anteriorly

weight bearing surface shifts posteriorly

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6
Q

what are the main causes for bovine lameness

A
  1. solar lesions
  2. white line lesions
  3. skin lesions
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7
Q

what are the types of solar lesions

A
  1. solar ulcer
  2. solar bruising
  3. thin soles
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8
Q

what is the cause of solar lesions

A

repetitive excess trauma –> walking too far, staying on feet too long

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9
Q

what are white line abscesses caused by

A

stones, uneven surfaces

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10
Q

what are axial wall lesion

A

on axial surface of white line

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11
Q

what are the causes of white line lesions

A

weakening of the lamellar junction –> twisting and turning, softening by constant moisture, sharp stones, laminitis

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12
Q

what is digital dermatitis

A

skin lesions

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13
Q

what is inter-digital necrobacillosis

A

caused by fusobacterium necrophorum

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14
Q

what are sole lesions

A
  1. double sole
  2. toe ulcer
  3. foreign body
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15
Q

what lesions happen to the heel

A
  1. slurry heel
  2. heel ulcer
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16
Q

what are skin lesions

A
  1. inter-digital hyperplasia
  2. mud fever
17
Q

what are wall lesions

A
  1. horizontal fissure
  2. verticle fissure
  3. corkscrew claw
18
Q

what causes lameness

A
  1. repetitive trauma
  2. overgrowth cycle
  3. twisting and turning –> (wet + small stones)
  4. laminitis
  5. moist, mild dirty slurry
19
Q

how does the environment cause lamess

A
  1. walking –> roadways, housing, stockmanship
  2. standing –> housing
  3. lying –> housing
20
Q

how do roadways affect lameness

A

dry

smooth, even surface

wide enough to prevent congestion (allow dominance)

distance = increased energy requirement

21
Q

what increases standing times

A

time locked out of bedding area (pre-milking, milking, post-milking)

cleaning beds

feeding

poor access to beds/not enough beds

poor cubicle design

not comfortable cubicles

22
Q

what are these structures

A
23
Q

what are these structures of the ruminant hoof

A
24
Q

what are these structures of the ruminant hoof

A

Module 7 (50 decks)

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