Skin

Question 1

Layers of epidermis (deep to superficial)

Answer 1

Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinulosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Corneum

Question 2

Melanocytes and langerhans cells are found in ____

Answer 2

epidermis

Question 3

____ make up of 90% of cells in epidermis.

Answer 3

Keratinocytes

Question 4

Cells of the stratum basale are attached to the basement membrane by ____

Answer 4

hemidesmosomes

Question 5

Keratinocytes of the stratum spinulosum and basale are attached to each other by ____

Answer 5

desmosomes

Question 6

Cytoplasmic plaques of desmosomes composed of (2)

Answer 6

Plakoglobin

Desmoplakin

Question 7

4 layers of basement membrane zone (superficial to deep)

Answer 7

Plasma membrane of basal keratinocytes
Lamina lucida
Lamina densa: type 4 collagen
Sub basal lamina

Question 8

2 layers of dermis

Answer 8

Papillary dermis

Reticular dermis

Question 9

Papillary dermis:
Made of ___
Contains (2)
Controlled by:

Answer 9

Loose connective tissue, mainly type 3 collagen
Meissner’s corpuscles, vascular networks
Sympathetic nervous system

Question 10

Reticular dermis:
Made of ___
Function:
Contains:

Answer 10

Dense irregular connective tissue, mainly Type I collagen
Strength and elasticity
Glands and hair follicles

Question 11

Vater-Pacini corpuscles

Answer 11

Mediate sense of pressure

Not affected by anesthesia

Question 12

Tyrosinase

Answer 12

converts tyrosine to melanin within melanosomes in melanocytes

Question 13

Found everywhere on skin except palms and soles

Answer 13

Sebaceous glands

Question 14

Found mainly in axillae and genital regions

Answer 14

Apocrine glands

Question 15

Sebaceous glands are under __ control

Answer 15

endocrine

Question 16

Apocrine glands are under __ control

Answer 16

adrenergic sympathetic innervation

Question 17

Eccrine glands

Answer 17

sweat glands

Question 18

Pilosebaceous unit

Answer 18

Hair + sebaceous gland

Question 19

3 cycles of hair growth

Answer 19

Anagen: active growth phase
Catagen: growth arresting phase
Telogen: resting phase/shedding phase

Question 20

Hyponychium

Answer 20

skin underlying free end of nail

Question 21

3 major protein components of cornified envelope

Enzyme that catalyzes the crosslinks

Answer 21

Loricrin
Involucrin
Keratolinin
"LIK the envelope"
Transglutaminase 1

Question 22

Major membraine lipids of stratum corneum

Answer 22

Ceramides

Tightly packed and highly impermeable to water

Question 23

Lamellar granule or keratohyalin granule?

Membrane bound

Answer 23

Lamellar granule

Question 24

Lamellar granule or keratohyalin granule?

Not membrane bound

Answer 24

Keratohyaline granule

Question 25

Lamellar granule or keratohyalin granule? | Location: upper spinous layers

Answer 25

Both

Question 26

Lamellar granule or keratohyalin granule? | Primary site of activity: Granular-cornified layer interface

Answer 26

Lamellar granule

Question 27

Metabolically inert, enucleated cells formed from keratinocytes in the viable lower layers of the epidermis

Answer 27

Corneocytes

Question 28

Lamellar granule or keratohyalin granule? | Primary site of activity: granular layer & cornified layer

Answer 28

Keratohyaline granule

Question 29

Lamellar granule or keratohyalin granule? | Deliver precursors of stratum corneum lipids into intercellular space

Answer 29

Lamellar granule

Question 30

Lamellar granule or keratohyalin granule? | Deliver free amino acids to outer layers of stratum corneum (filaggrin monomers)

Answer 30

Keratohyaline granule

Question 31

Lipid content of lamellar granule function:

Answer 31

Maintain vapor barrier and signaling cell turnover

Question 32

Filaggrin in cornified cells function:

Answer 32

Matrix protein that promotes aggregation of keratin filaments

Question 33

Sweat secretion controlled by ____

Answer 33

hypothalamus

Question 34

UVC =

Answer 34

200-290 ozone layer

Question 35

UVB =

Answer 35

290-320 Burning ray

Question 36

UVA =

Answer 36

320 - 400 Tanning ray

Question 37

Present in dermis and induce immediate hypersensitivity response

Answer 37

Mast cell

Question 38

Produce pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1) and express MHC class II antigens and intracellular adhesion molecules

Answer 38

Keratinocyte