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Fall 22: micro > Test 1: pasteruella > Flashcards

Test 1: pasteruella Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

____ stain classically bipolar

A

pasteurella

and plague → Yersinia pestis

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2
Q

Pasteurella grow in what conditions

A

facultative anaerobes

makes ATP by aerobic respiration if O2 is present… but can switch to fermentation if O2 absent

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3
Q

Pasteurella multocida is a commensal bacteria that is spread by ___

A

sneezing, coughing, respiratory droplets

found in the mucosa (nasopharynx)

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4
Q

Pasteurella multocida cause ___ in cattle

A

hemorrhagic septicemia/sepsis

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5
Q

where can you find Pasteurella multocida

A

outside the US

southeat asia and africa

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6
Q

Pasteurella multocida is a ___ pathogen

A

opportunist

normal commensal that can become pathogenic

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7
Q

fowl cholera is caused by ___

A

Pasteurella multocida

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8
Q

Fowl cholera will have what symptoms?

A

caused by Pasteurella multocida

respiratory infection, facial, ear, wattles, feet and joint swelling

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9
Q

Abscesses in humans post bites are most often caused by ___

A

Pasteurella multocida → cause lymphadenitis, cellulitis and sepsis

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10
Q

what are the virulence factors of Pasturella multocida

A

P. multocida toxin → exotoxin → cause bone loss: inhibit osteoblast and activates osteoclasts→ similar to Bordetella brochispetica toxin

capsule

LPS → endotoxin

Adhesion → fimbriae and outer membrane proteins (OMPs) allow bacteria to survive within macrophages and permit colonization of upper respiratory tract

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11
Q

Pasteurella multocida toxin has synergism with ___ toxin

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica

cause bone loss: inhibits osteoblast activity & differentiation,
activates osteoclasts

cause actin rearrangment

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12
Q

P. multocida on a plate will be blood agar ___, mcconkey ___ and hemolysis ___

A

+

-

-

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13
Q

what kind of treatment for P. multocida

A

most antibiotics will work

vaccine: serotype-specific bacterins

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14
Q

Mannheimia haemolutica causes ___ in young cattle

A

shipping fever

(previously called Pasteurella)

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15
Q

what animals are the reservoirs for mannheimia haemolytica

A

asymptomatic carriers (adult animals) → ruminants

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16
Q

mannheimia haemolytica effect what kind of animals

A

ruminants → cattle, sheep and goats

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17
Q

____ is the most frequently isolated bacteria from pneumonic lungs in cattle

A

mannheimia haemolytica

(shipping fever)

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18
Q

Mannheimia haemolytica cause ___ in cattle, ____ in lambs, ___ in fowls and ___ in ewes

A

shipping fever (young calves)

pneumonia and sepsis

pneumonia, salpingitis and sepsis

mastitis → blue bag

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19
Q

blue bag mastitis is caused by ___ in what animals

A

Mannheimia haemolytica

ewes

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20
Q

young animals will form ___

older animals with Mannheimia haemolytica will form ___

A

hemorrhagic lungs

multifocal abcessation

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21
Q

Virulence factors of Mannheimia haemolytica

A

Leukotoxin → hemolysin and cytotoxin

LPS

capsule

fimbriae

membrane protein binds to ruminant transferrin/iron

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22
Q

treatment for mannheimia haemolytica

A

Florfenicol → need to test for resistance

vaccine: attenuated or subunit vaccine (bacterins)

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23
Q

Haemophilus is a gram ___, that grows in ___

A

small gram negative bacilli

facultative anaerobe

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24
Q

Haemophilus influenzae causes ___ in humans

A

meningitis

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25
\_\_\_ have LOS instead of LPS
haemophilus | (lipo-oligosaccharide)
26
Haemophilus require ____ or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) \_\_\_
hemin (factor X) | (factor V)
27
Glaesserella parasuis reservoir is \_\_\_
normal mucosa in pigs (previously a Haemophilus→ LOS instead of LPS)
28
Glasser's disease is caused by \_\_\_
Glaesserella parasuis | (Haemophilus)
29
Glasser's disease symptoms
2 week-3 month old pigs lower respiratory tract infection Fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, meningitis, sepsis Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis
30
Glaesserella parasuis can be treated with
penicillin
31
Avibacterium paragallinarum causes \_\_\_
infectious coryza of chickens and decreased egg production, upper respiratory infection
32
\_\_\_\_ cause infectious coryza of chickens and decreased egg production, upper respiratory infection
Avibacterium paragallinarum (Haemophilus→ LOS, require hemin and NAD)
33
Histophilus somni reservoir are \_\_\_
cattle asymptomatic carriers (found in mucosa → genital and respiratory
34
Histophilus somni will cause ___ in cows
respiratory tract infection (mixed infection with viruses, pasteurella) endometritis and abortion
35
Histophilus somni will cause ___ in sheep and ___ in lambs ___ in cows
reproductive problems → epididymitis, mastitis sepsis URI → TME- thrombembolic meningoencephalitis cattle asy. carriers (Haemophilus somnus → LOS)
36
TME in cattle
caused by Histophilus somni (Haemophilus somnus) infectious thrombembolic meningoencephalitis Bacterial invasion of the respiratory tract → Bacteremia; damage to the vascular endothelium, platelet aggregation, coagulation, thrombosis → Arthritis and respiratory symptoms URI → bacteria gets into blood and cause clot → embolisms
37
Histophilus somni virulence factors
surface proteins **bind to bovine transferrin/iron** **LOS** → can change shape to avoid host immune system **Fc receptors** → anti-phagocytic effects, inhibits binding of opsonized bacteria **resist neutrophils** → inhibit respiratory burst cause TME (infectious thrombembolic meningoencephalitis)
38
culture of H. somni requires
**thiamin pyrophosphate, capnophilic** Unlike Haemophilus **don’t require** factors X (hemin) or V (NAD)
39
how to treat H. somni
penicillin bacterin vaccine **Histophilus somni** → endometritis, abortion in cows and thrombembolic meningoencephalitis (TME)
40
Actinobacillus has a ___ like morpholgy
pasteurella
41
what gram - is urease +
actinobacillus
42
actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae will cause ___ in pigs
Hemorrhagic necrotizing pneumonia, fibrinous pleuritis pigs under 6 months old
43
what are the reservoir for actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
chronic subclinical carriers (pigs) found in the respiratory tract and tonsils
44
actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is spread by \_\_\_
aerosol high morbidity survivors will have chronic pneumonia and can give bacteria to piglets
45
three symptoms of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
causes lung lesions (necrosis) fibrinous pleuritis interlobular edema (pig disease→ Hemorrhagic necrotizing pneumonia, fibrinous pleuritis )
46
virulence factors of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
capsule LPS host specific cytotoxin (hemolysin) → causes necrotic vasculitis, hemorrhagic lesions and leukocidal Type IV pili→ twitching motility porcine transferrin binding protein (A. pleuropneumoniae→ pig bacteria cause fibrinous pleuritis)
47
treatment for actinobacillus
penicillin trimethoprim-sulfa Vaccines: serotype specific
48
Actinobacillus lignieresii cause \_\_\_
wooden tongue → granulomatous abscesses that form in soft tissue of cattle
49
compare lumpy jaw and wooden tongue
**lumpy jaw** → attacks **bone** in the mouth of cattle→ caused by **Actinomyces bovis** (gram + rod, acid fast negative) **wooden tongue** → **soft tissue** → caused by Actinobacillus lignieresii (gram - rod, urease +)
50
where is Actinobacillus lignieresii found
normal flora of the upper GI tract of cattle cause wooden tongue → granulomatous soft tissue Actinobacillus (gram - rod, urease +)
51
virulence factor of actinobacillus lignieresii
proteases cause wooden tongue in cattle (Actinobacillus gram - rod, urease +)
52
treatment for Actinobacillus lignieresii
surgery antibiotics if early enough → pen/strep combo
53
sulfur granules →granulomatous lesions caused by Actinobacillus lignieresii (wooden tongue) Actinobacillus (gram - rod, urease +)
54
Actinobacillus equuli cause \_\_\_
sleepy foal disease → pyosepticemia in new born foals death usually in 1-2 days can cause kidney issues, pneumonia, enteritis
55
\_\_\_ are carriers of actinobacillus equuli
mare intestinal and reproductive tract sleepy foal disease → infected through umbilical cord
56
actinobacillus suis cause \_\_\_
pyosepticemia, rapid death up to 50% mortality transferred by suckling piglets under 3 months of age
57
\_\_\_ will cause multiple small abscesses in the kidney
Actinobacillus equuli sleepy foal disease → septicemia, nephritis, pneumonia, polyarthritis, enteritis
58
what type of bordetella effect humans
B. pertussis and B. parapertussis – human, whooping cough
59
bordetella grows \_\_\_
strict aerobes (no fermentation, needs O2)
60
Bordetella bacteria have affinity for \_\_\_
ciliated respiratory epithelium stick to cilia of the upper respiratory tract
61
Bordetella brochiseptica will cause ___ in dogs
kennel cough tracheo-bronchitis, pneumonia, rhinitis and conjunctivitis
62
Bordetella bronchiseptica will cause ___ in pigs, rabbits, guinea pig and other rodents
cause rhinitis and bronchopneumonia cause kennel cough in dogs
63
wry nose
rhinitis atrophicans pigs acute rhinitis progressing to cause deformations of the → turbinate bones, nasal septum and upper jaw **Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida** (hemorrhagic sepsis in cattle and fowl cholera, secondary pathogen → respiratory tract infections)
64
Superinfection of ____ and ____ induced atrophic rhinitis in pigs and rabbits
**Bordetella bronchiseptica** (kennel cough) **Pasteurella multocida (bipolar staining-** hemorrhagic sepsis-cattle, fowl cholera, URI- rabbits, cats, dogs and pigs)
65
virulence factors of bordetella
colonizing factors → filamentous hemagglutinin, pertactin, fimbriae Siderophore & transferrin/lactoferrin binding proteins toxins
66
Tracheal cytotoxin is produced by ____ and causes
bordetella bronchispetica ciliostasis and extrusion of ciliated epithelial found in the cell wall of gram - bacteria, cause inflammation
67
how to treat bordetella
some resistant **vaccines**: bacterins, attenuated live strains and subunit vaccines
68
\_\_\_ cause hemorrhagic sepsis, fowl cholera
Pasteurella multocida
69
\_\_\_ cause shipping fever in cattle
Mannheimia haemolytica
70
\_\_\_ cause Glasser's disease
Glaseserella parasuis
71
\_\_\_ cause infectious coryza
Avibacterium paragallinarum | (Haemophilus)
72
\_\_\_ cause thrombembolic meningoencephalitis
Histophilus somni | ((Haemophilus)
73
\_\_\_ cause acute pleuropneumonia in swine
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
74
\_\_\_ cause wooden tongue
Actinobacillus lignieresii
75
\_\_\_ cause kennel cough
bordetella bronchispetica
76
\_\_\_ cause endotoxemia in ewes
**Mannheimia haemolytica** (pasteurella) shipping fever in cattle Pneumonia, sepsis in lambs Pneumonia, salpingitis, sepsis in fowl masititis → blue bag, endotoxemia in ewes
77
\_\_\_ causes fibrinous polyserosis
Glaesserella parasuis
78
\_\_\_ causes hemorrhagic necrotizing pneumonia in pigs
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (haemophilus) pigs under 6 months old, spread by aerosol, high mortality, survivors have chronic pneumonia, **reservoir** → subclinical carriers in respiratory tract and tonsils **virulence factors**: capsule, LPS, host specific cytotoxins, Type IV pili (twitching motility), porcine transferrin binding protein
79
Actinobacillus lignieresii is found \_\_\_ cause \_\_\_ virulence factors \_\_\_ treatment \_\_\_
normal bacterial flora of upper GI tract wooden tongue → soft tissue granulomatous abscesses proteases surgery or antibiotics
80
Actinobacillus equui cause ___ and is carried by \_\_\_ virulence factors \_\_\_
sleepy foal disease → death or kidney damage, pneumonia, enteritis mare intestinal and reproductive tract capsule, LPS, host specific cytotoxins, type IV pili(twitching motility)
81
Bordetella bronchispetica cause \_\_\_ virulence factors \_\_\_\_
kennel cough in dogs rhinitis and bronchopneumonia in pigs, rabbits and GP wry nose- rhinitis atrophicans in pigs and rabbits (Pasteurella multocida) colonizing factors, Siderophore & transferrin/lactoferrin binding proteins, **toxins:** tracheal cytotoxin
82
H. somni is carried by \_\_\_, cause ___ and virulence factors are \_\_\_
Cattle asymptomatic carriers (mucosa – genital and respiratory tract) TME (thrombembolic meningoencephalitis) in cattle, endometritis and abortion in cows, repro issues in sheep and sepsis in lambs surface proteins bind to transferrin/iron, LOS (host can't see), Fc receptors (antipagocytic), resist neutrophils by stopping respiratory burst
83
Glaesserlla parasuis cause \_\_\_, carried in \_\_\_
Lower respiratory tract infection – Fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, meningitis, sepsis in pigs (2 week to 3 months old) mucosa (nasopharynx) in normal pigs
84
Mannheimia haemolytica cause \_\_\_, carried by ___ and virulence factors
(Pasteurella) shipping fever in **young cattle,** pneumonia, sepsis in l**ambs,** pneumonia, salpingitis and sepsis in **fowls,** mastitis (blue bag) endotoxemia in **ewes** asymptomatic carriers **(adult immune animals)** Leukotoxins, LPS, capsule, Fimbriae, membrane proteins that bind to ruminant transferrin/iron
85
Pasteurella multocida cause \_\_\_, carried in ___ and virulence factors
hemorrhagic sepsis in cattle, fowl cholera, **opportunistic** respiratory infections in rabbits, cats, dogs, superinfection with Bordetella bronchispetica to form **atrophic rhinitis** in pigs and rabbits, abscesses in humans commensal bacteria, found in the mucosa→ spread by sneezing (exotic to US) P. multocida toxin (exotoxin that causes bone loss), capsule, LPS, adhesion of fimbriae an outer membrane proteins (OMPs) that allow bacteria to survive macrophages and permits colonization of the upper respiratory tract

Fall 22: micro (25 decks)

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