The Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen Viscera Flashcards
(121 cards)
1
Q
of or relating to the viscera
A
splanchnic
2
Q
assoc. with the liver
A
hepatic
3
Q
assoc. with the gall bladder
A
cystic
4
Q
assoc. with pancreas
A
pancreatic
5
Q
assoc. with the spleen
A
splenic
6
Q
assoc. with the stomach
A
gastric
7
Q
assoc. with the colon
A
colic
8
Q
assoc. with the rectum
A
recto
9
Q
assoc. with the diaphragm
A
phrenic
10
Q
thin, translucent serous membrane
A
peritoneum
11
Q
peritoneum that lines the inner abdominal wall
A
parietal peritoneum
12
Q
peritoneum that covers organs
A
visceral peritoneum
13
Q
organs behind the peritoneum are ____
A
retroperitoneal
14
Q
____ tend to travel between the peritoneal layers, in the mesenteries
A
vessels
15
Q
the ___ and ____ are intraperitoneal and are completely covered by visceral peritoneum
A
spleen; stomach
16
Q
two peritoneal layers coming together form a _____
A
mesentery
17
Q
retroperitoneal organs
A
right kidney, left kidney, inferior vena cava, aorta, portions of the duodenum and pancreas, bladder
18
Q
all visceral and parietal peritoneal membranes
A
peritoneal sac
19
Q
a potential space within the sac; contains only a small amount of serous fluid; allows organs to move freely without friction
A
peritoneal cavity
20
Q
the peritoneal cavity potential space can become an actual space and may contain up to several liters of fluid (_____)
A
ascites
21
Q
disease, injury, or infection can lead to ____ of fluids (____, ____, ____, or ____)
A
pooling; blood, bile, pus, feces
22
Q
_____ enclose and fold around the viscera
A
peritoneal membranes
23
Q
make up the portal triad
A
hepatic artery proper, bile duct, portal vein
24
Q
examples of double layers of peritoneum
A
lesser omentum, gastrosplenic ligament, splenorenal ligament
25
folds of peritoneum form segregated spaces or sacs, for example:
omental bursa, omental foramen, greater sac
26
double layered peritoneal fold that attaches to greater curvature of stomach and transverse colon; drapes over small intestines like an "apron"
greater omentum
27
the apron portion or largest portion of greater omentum is the _____ (4 layers of peritoneum)
gastrocolic ligament
28
3 ligaments that make up the greater omentum
gastrocolic ligament, gastrosplenic ligament, and gastrophrenic ligament (to diaphragm)
29
functionally, greater omentum can wall off ____ and ____ sites; results in formation of ____ which can lead to ____ of intestines
infections; inflammation; adhesions; strangulation
30
all components of greater omentum are derivatives of _____
dorsal mesentery
31
attaches to lesser curvature of stomach and duodenum; 2 portions connect these structures to the liver
lesser omentum
32
connects liver to the stomach
hepatogastric ligament
33
connects the liver to the duodenum and contains the portal triad
hepatoduodenal ligament
34
all components of the lesser omentum are derivatives from the _____
ventral mesenteries
35
anchors most of the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
mesentery proper
36
the mesentery proper runs diagonally from _____ to the _____, a distance 15-20 cm in adults
duodenojejunal junction; ileocecal junction
37
duodenum is anchored by _____
suspensory ligament of Treitz
38
fibromuscular ligament that descends from the right crus of the diaphragm
suspensory ligament of Treitz
39
the suspensory ligament of Treitz crosses over the left crus and holds ____ in place; prevents _____ from sagging
distal duodenum; duodenojejunal junction
40
anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall
mesocolon
41
____ and ____ colon have no mesentery and are attached directly to the posterior wall
ascending; descending
42
the transverse colon is anchored by the _____
transverse mesocolon
43
the sigmoid colon is anchored by the _____; ____ only partially covered by peritoneum
sigmoid mesocolon; rectum
44
divides the liver into right and left lobes
falciform ligament
45
falciform ligament anchors the liver to the ____ and _____
diaphragm; anterior body wall
46
the _____ is at the inferior border of the liver and contains the _____
round ligament of the liver (ligamentum teres hepatis); obliterated umbilical vein (vein that carried oxygenated blood to fetus)
47
reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver; attach liver to inferior surface of diaphragm
coronary ligament
48
the bare area is in ____ liver; bare area went through ____ in fetus
upper posterior; septum transversum
49
infraumbilical peritoneal folds (single layered peritoneal folds)
- median umbilical fold
- medial umbilical fold (2)
- lateral umbilical folds (2)
50
median umbilical fold from ____ to ____; covers _____ and is the fetal ____
urinary bladder; umbilicus; median umbilical ligament; urachus
51
the medial umbilical folds cover the _____ or occluded portions of _____
medial umbilical ligaments; umbilical arteries
52
lateral umbilical folds cover _____
inferior epigastric vessels
53
The fossae between the medial and the lateral umbilical folds; contains inguinal triangles (hesselbach's); potential sites for ____
medial inguinal fossae; direct inguinal hernias
54
fossae lateral to the lateral umbilical folds, including the deep inguinal rings; potential site for ____
lateral inguinal fossae; indirect inguinal hernia
55
the infraumbilical peritoneal folds are located on the ____ side of the rectus sheath
posterior
56
2 types of peritoneal pouches
- hepatorenal pouch
| - rectovesical or rectouterine pouch
57
hepatorenal pouch or pouch of morrison is bounded by the ____, ____, ____, and ____; it is the lowest/deepest part of peritoneal cavity when recumbent
liver; right kidney; colon; duodenum
58
fluids from hepatorenal pouch may move down to rectovesical/rectouterine pouch when ___ or ____
reclining; sitting up
59
fluids in the rectovesical/rectouterine pouch may move up to hepatorenal pouch when in _____ position
tredelenburg (when head is lower than the feet)
60
detoxifies chemical products and produces bile
liver
61
stores bile for emulsification of fats
gallbladder
62
produces enzymes for digestion
pancreas
63
produces lymphocytes and filters blood
spleen
64
stores food prior to entering duodenum
stomach
65
primary site for chemical digestion
small intestine
66
secondary site for chemical digestion
large intestine
67
filter waste products out of the blood
kidneys
68
cortices produce steroid hormones & medullas act as sympathetic ganglia (release Epinephrine & NE)
adrenal glands
69
lobes of the liver
right, left, caudate (superior), and quadrate (inferior)
70
viscera the liver contacts
Gallbladder, stomach, duodenum, colon, and right kidney
71
entrance for portal triad found inferiorly, near the quadrate lobe
porta hepatis
72
____ over the right lobe anteriorly (on liver)
coronary ligament
73
_____ over left lobe of liver
left triangular ligament
74
attached to inferior surface of liver- with fundus, body and neck
gall bladder
75
the gall bladder contacts the ___, ___, and ____
duodenum; colon; anterior abdominal wall
76
body of the gallbladder is in the ____ on the liver; GB receives, stores, and concentrates bile from the liver; bile drains into the duodenum through the ____ and _____
cystic fossa; cystic duct; common bile duct
77
body of the gall bladder is in the fossa, which may be against the _____ and the superior part of the ____
transverse colon; duodenum
78
____ form the spiral fold on the neck of the GB
mucosal folds
79
the arterial supply to the GB is the _____ from the right hepatic artery, which is a branch of the______
cystic a. ; hepatic artery proper
80
receive bile from R and L lobes of liver
R and L hepatic ducts
81
receives the R and L hepatic ducts
common hepatic duct
82
duct connected to the gall bladder
cystic duct
83
receives cystic and common hepatic ducts
common bile duct
84
the common bile duct joins with the ____ and drains into the descending part of the duodenum at the _____
main pancreatic duct; major duodenal papilla
85
the pancreas consists of a ___, ____, ____, and _____
head; neck;
86
the pancreas is ____ and ____ across the posterior abdominal wall
retroperitoneal; transverse
87
pancreas is surrounded by C-shaped ____ on the right and ____ on the left
duodenum; spleen
88
the head of the pancreas sits in the ____
duodenal curve
89
area of the spleen where the vessels/innervation are coming and going; also where ducts would be draining from
hylum
90
____ drain from the pancreas via 1 or 2 ducts:
enzymes; main pancreatic duct or the accessory pancreatic duct
91
enters duodenum at major duodenal papilla
main pancreatic duct
92
may enter duodenum as well, about 2 cm superior to major duodenal papilla
accessory pancreatic duct
93
accessory pancreatic duct drains through the _____
minor duodenal papilla
94
diaphragmatic surface of the spleen contacts the diaphragm along ____
ribs 9-11
95
spleen also contacts ___, ___, ____ and ____
stomach; left kidney; pancreas; colon
96
spleen is connected to the greater curvature of the stomach by the _____ which contains the ____ and ____ vessels
gastrosplenic ligament; short gastric; gastro-omental vessels
97
the spleen is connected to the left kidney by the _____ which contains the _____
splenorenal ligament; splenic vessels
98
arterial supply to the spleen is the ____ from the celiac trunk
splenic artery
99
1st major branch of abdominal aorta inferior to the diaphragm
celiac trunk
100
celiac trunk supplies ____, ____, ____, ____, and ____
liver; GB; esophagus; stomach; pancreas; spleen
101
3 main branches of celiac trunk
- common hepatic
- L. gastric
- splenic a.
102
artery that follows the lesser curvature of the stomach
left gastric a.
103
biggest branch of celiac trunk that goes posterior to the stomach
splenic a.
104
right branch of the celiac trunk that runs toward liver and GB
common hepatic a.
105
2 terminal branches of common hepatic a.
proper hepatic a. (or hepatic artery proper) and gastroduodenal a.
106
superior branch of common hepatic a. that runs toward liver and medial to bile duct
hepatic artery proper
107
hepatic artery proper splits into:
R and L hepatic arteries
108
inferior branch of the common hepatic a. that runs toward junction of stomach and duodenum
gastroduodenal a.
109
gastroduodenal a. sends _____ to the pancreas/duodenum
superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
110
gastroduodenal a. sends _____ to the greater curvature of the stomach
R gastroepiploic a. (R gastro-omental a.)
111
superior branch of celiac trunk; runs left toward the lesser curvature of the stomach
left gastric a.
112
L. gastric a. supplies ____ and _____
stomach; esophagus (via esophageal branches)
113
left branch of celiac trunk; runs toward spleen; supplies pancreas and spleen
splenic a.
114
splenic a. sends ____ and _____ to supply greater curvature of the stomach
short gastric aa. and left gastroepiploic (left gastro-omental)
115
variations of hepatic arteries: R hepatic a. may arise from ____
SMA
116
L hepatic a. may arise from ____
L gastric a.
117
both right and left hepatic aa may arise from ____
celiac trunk
118
_____ also common
accessory R and L hepatic aa.
119
cystic a. usually arises from ____; 75% run posterior to ____, 24% run anterior; 1% are double cystic aa. ; supplies GB and cystic duct
R hepatic a. ; common hepatic duct
120
R gastric a. usually arises from _____, but may arise from ____ or _____ aa.
proper hepatic a. ; common hepatic or gastroduodenal aa.
121
R gastric a. anastomoses with L gastric a. and supplies ____
lesser curvature of the stomach
