theory of planned behaviour Flashcards
(13 cards)
what is the theory of planned behaviour
an individuals decision to engage in a particular behaviour can be directly predicted by their intention to engage in that behaviour. intention is determined by behavioural attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control
what is behavioural attitude
this reflects on a persons views towards a behaviour
the attitude is formed on the basis of their beliefs about the consequences of forming the behaviour.
what are subjective norms
this refers to the attitudes and norms of people in their life e.g. if an alcoholic associates himself with people who drink and think this is normal, theyre less likely to change their behaviour
what is perceived behavioural control
this refers to how much someone believes theyre in control of their own behaviour e.g. a gambling addict who believes theyre too weak willed to give up their addiction is less likely to stop gambling
what is the A03 for the theory of planned behaviour
supporting evidence- connor et al investigated the ROPB in smoking initiation in 11-12 yr olds, tested 675 non smoking adolescens with TPB, 9 months later they checked whether any adolescents had taken up smoking. they used a carbon monoxide breath monitor to assess this and they found behavioural intentions were a good predictor of later smoking behaviour. this strenghtens the theory
metholodogical issues- testing the TOPB uses self report methods which are unreliable e.g. social norms and interpretation of attitudes is subjective so pps will report the same info differently.
practical application-the US ONDCP launched a campaign in 2005 to lower teenage marijuana use. a review of this campaign attributed its success to its influence on changing behavioural attitudes. the campaign tried to create a different attitude toward the effect of marajuana use. this target on attitudes may be the key to the success
its oversimplistic- it fails to take into account emotions and compulsions. when completing a questionnaire about attitude and intention people may find it impossible to anticipate strong desires that compel behaviour in real life. it ignores peer influence and genetics. this theory assumes all behaviours are conscious and planned but this isnt the case for addicts who think they have no cotnrol over their behaviour.
what is prokochas six stage model
behavioural stage doesnt occur instantly, there are six stages that occur between addiction and rehab
what is pre contemplation
the person isnt thinking about changing their addictive behaviour
intervention is helping the person recognise that theyre an addict
what is contemplation
this is the person thinking about changing their behaviour in the future
intervention is helping the addict reach a decision and realise the benefits outweigh the costs
what is preperation
the person decides to quit and makes plans to do so in the near future
intervention is helping the addict make a plan
what is action
the addict puts their plan into action and does something to stop their addiction
intervention is helping the addict quit
what is maintenance
the person has maintained their behavioural change for 6 months and hasnt relapsed
intervention is focusing on preventing relapse
what is termination
this is when an individual has been abstinent for a long time and feels no need to relapse
what is the a03 for this model
supporting evidence- velicer et al found a consistent success rate of 22-26% for anti smoking programmes tailored to each individuals stage within the 6 stage model. authors also found a smokers stage within the six stage model was more accurate than demographic factors.
practical application- if the six stage model is accurate it results in effective stratergies, e.g. when a person is in the preperation stage focusing on costs and benefits is useless as theyve already made a decision to quit, instead focus on making a plan to help them
positive attitude towards relapse- recovering addicts usually relapse several times before quitting and the six stage model is realistic for being able to see this and sees it apart of recovery instead of failure
fails to acknowledge the roles of social norms and cultural differences- daouad et al found in arab cultures smoking is common so its difficult to quit, in a study of arab male smokers it was found that 62% were still in the pre contemplation stage and only 14 % at the preperation stage. this is compared to studies in the UK US and Europe where it was found that 40% of smokers are in the pre contemplation stage and 20% in the preperation stage. this shows a lower readiness in some cultures may be due to social norms and pressures that limit the effectiveness of theraputic interventions
