behaviourist approach Flashcards
(11 cards)
what is the behaviourist approach
learning through experience
what are the assumptions of this approach
behaviour is learned through experience, only observable behaviour is measurable scientifically and only these should be studied, psychologists should use lab experiments, the basic process that govern learning is the same in all species
what is classical conditioning
learning via association- learning happens when theres an association made between a neutral stimulus and a reflex response.
what was pavlovs method of classical conditioning
the dog study, the bell was the neutral stimulus and the food was the unconditioned stimulus, the unconditioned response was the salivation, the NS and UCS paired for the bell to become a CS and the salivation became a CR
What study supports this
little albert
what is the a03 for pavlovs study
the experimental method- used lab experiment, is able to establish cause and effect.
considered unethical- he performed surgery on the dogs salivary glands so they could measure it easily, could go against BPS guidelines
unable to generalise, used a dog, dogs dont have freewill like how humans do, doesnt provide a valid explanation
what is operant conditioning
learning through consequences.
what are the types of reinforcement
positive,negative and punishment
what is the a01 for skinners research
skinner placed a rat in a box, he showed them lights and they were meant to tap the lever that was the same colour as the light, if the rat tapped the correct lever then they were rewarded with food, if they tapped the wrong one then they were shocked.
what is the a03 for skinner
he conducted a lab experiment- able to establish cause and effect.
animal study- conducted with a rat cant generalise
unethical- shocked rat and kept them in a cage, goes against BPG
what is the a03 for the behaviourist approach
supported by evidence-skinner
uses scientific method as its based on strong empirical evidence.
favours nurture side of nature nurture side
favours determinism side of freewill v determinism
