Flashcards in Unit 13: Treatment of Psychological Disorders Deck (37)
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1
What are the four major theoretical approaches for psychological treatment?
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Behavioral
Cognitive
2
Most counseling psychologists draw from more than one theoretical approach - this is called:
Eclectic
3
What are some of the major problems with a person in therapy according to psychoanalysis
Past trauma
Underdeveloped superego
Overdeveloped Id
Repressed desires
...
4
What is the main focus of therapy in psychoanalysis
To uncover the unconscious using projective tests
5
When a person uses their mental "filter" during a projective test - which prevents their unconscious from truly coming out
Resistance
6
The subjective "grading" of projective tests
Interpretation
7
Tests in psychoanalysis designed to uncover a person's unconscious thoughts
Projective tests
8
Patients can sometimes transfer their thoughts or emotions onto a therapist
Transferrence
9
What are some ways that humanistic perspective differs from psychoanalytic
* Focus on achieving full potential (good) instead of repressed trauma (bad)
* Focus on present and future instead of past
* Focus on a client's dynamic ability to change their future instead of learning how past events have altered their lives
10
The process of accepting a client regardless of their circumstances proposed by Carl Rogers
Unconditional Positive Regard
11
Slowly and gradually exposing a client to their fears to decondition them
Systematic Desensitization
12
Pairing an unpleasant stimulus with an undesirable behavior with hopes of eliminating the behavior
Aversive conditioning
13
A system of representative money to reward good behavior (e.g. Monopoly money given in class for correct answers could be cashed in for candy at the end of the semester)
Token economy
14
The irrational "end of the world" thoughts a person might have about anxiety provoking situations
Catastrophizing beliefs
15
The most effective, and most widely used combination of the four theoretical perspectives
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
16
Psychotherapist with a medical doctor's licence - able to prescribe medicine
Psychiatrist
17
Counselor with a PhD level education that primarily deals with more severe mental disorders (e.g. schizophrenia, bipolar,...) - cannot prescribe medicine in most states
Clinical Psychologist
18
Counselor with a master's level education that deals mostly with less severe, or day-to-day struggles (e.g. Major depression, anxiety, marital issues, substance abuse)
Counselor (Many licenses would apply for this description, such as a "Licenced Professional Counselor, or LPC)
19
The study of drugs and their effects
Psychopharmacology
20
Neurotransmitter that deals with movement
Acetylcholine
21
Possible symptoms of having too much acetylcholine
Seizures
22
Possible symptoms of having too little acetylcholine
Paralysis
23
Disorder relating to an overabundance of dopamine
Schizophrenia
24
Disorder relating to a shortage of dopamine
Parkinson's Disease
25
Disorder relating to a shortage of Serotonin
Depression
26
A synthetic neurotransmitter which mimics the actual neurotransmitter well enough to bind to the receptor site AND send a signal to the dendrite of a neighboring neuron
Agonist
27
A synthetic neurotransmitter which mimics the actual neurotransmitter well enough to clog up the receptor site so that other neurotransmitters are unable to bind (but not well enough to send a signal to the dendrite of a neuron)
Antagonist
28
The process of reabsorption of neurotransmitters from the synapse back into the axon terminal
Reuptake
29
The process by which the body reduces its naturally occurring neurotransmitters to compensate for increased levels of synthetic neurotransmitters (e.g. drugs)
Tolerance
30
