Urinary System Flashcards
(136 cards)
1
Q
Urinary System
kidneys
A
Two bean-shaped organs located on each side of the vertebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity behind the parietal peritoneum. Their function is to remove waste products from the blodd and to aid in maintaining water and electrolyte balance
2
Q
Urinary System
nephron
A
urine-producing microscopic structure. Approximately 1 million nephrons are located in each kidney.
3
Q
Urinary System
glomerulus (pl. glomeruli)
A
cluster of capillaries at the entrance of the nephron. the process of filtering the blood, thereby forming urine, begins here.
4
Q
Urinary System
renal pelvis
A
funnel-shaped reservoir that collects the urine and passes it to the kidney
5
Q
Urinary System
hilum
A
indentation on the medial side of the kindy where the ureter leaves the kidney
6
Q
Urinary System
ureters
A
two slender tubes, approxiamtely 10 to 13 inches long, that receive the urine from the kidneys and carry it to the posterior portion of the bladder
7
Q
Urinary System
urinary bladder
A
muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine. As it fills, the thick, muscular wall becomes thinner, and the organ increases in size.
8
Q
Urinary System
urethra
A
lowest part of the urinary tract, through which the urine passes from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
9
Q
Urinary System
urinary meatus
A
opening through which the urine passes to the outside
10
Q
Urinary System
cysto, vesic/o
A
bladder, sac
11
Q
Urinary System
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus
12
Q
Urinary System
meat/o
A
meatus (opening)
13
Q
Urinary System
nephr/o, ren/o
A
kidney
14
Q
Urinary System
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
15
Q
Urinary System
ureter/o
A
ureter
16
Q
Urinary System
urethr/o
A
urethra
17
Q
Urinary System
albumin/o
A
albumin
18
Q
Urinary System
azot/o
A
urea, nitrogen
19
Q
Urinary System
blast/o
A
developing cell, germ cell
20
Q
Urinary System
glyc/o, glycos/o
A
sugar
21
Q
Urinary System
hydr/o
A
water
22
Q
Urinary System
lith/o
A
stone, calculus
23
Q
Urinary System
noct/i
A
night
24
Q
Urinary System
olig/o
A
scanty, few
25
# Urinary System
son/o
sound
26
# Urinary System
tom/o
cut, section
27
# Urinary System
urin/o, ur/o
urine, urinary tract
28
# Urinary System
-gram
record, radiographic image
29
# Urinary System
-iasis, -esis
condition
30
# Urinary System
-lysis
loosening, dissolution, separating
31
# Urinary System
-megaly
enlargement
32
# Urinary System
-ptosis
drooping, sagging, prolapse
33
# Urinary System
-rrhaphy
suturing, repairing
34
# Urinary System
-tripsy
surgical crushing
35
# Urinary System
-trophy
nourishment, development
36
# Urinary System
-uria
urine, urination
37
# Urinary System
hydronephrosis
abnormal condition of water in the kidney
38
# Urinary System
nephritis
inflammation of the kidney
39
# Urinary System
nephroblastoma
kidney tumor containing developing cells
40
# Urinary System
nephrohypertrophy
excessive development (increase in size) of the kidney
41
# Urinary System
nephrolithiasis
condition of stones in the kidney
42
# Urinary System
nephroma
tumor of the kidney
43
# Urinary System
nephromegaly
enlargement of the kidney
44
# Urinary System
nephroptosis
drooping kidney
45
# Urinary System
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
46
# Urinary System
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
47
# Urinary System
ureteritis
inflammation of the ureter
48
# Urinary System
ureterocele
protrusion of a ureter (distally into the bladder)
49
# Urinary System
ureterolithiasis
condition of stones in the ureters
50
# Urinary System
ureterostenosis
narrowing of the ureter
51
# Urinary System
urethrocystitis
inflammation of the urethra and the bladder
52
# Urinary System
polycystic kidney disease
condition in which the kidney contains many cysts and is enlarged
53
# Urinary System
renal calculus
stone in the kidney
54
# Urinary System
renal failure
loss of kidney function resulting in its inability to remove waste products from the body and maintain electrolyte balance
55
# Urinary System
renal hypertension
elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
56
# Urinary System
urinary suppression
sudden stoppage of urine formation
57
# Urinary System
urinary tract infection (UTI)
infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract
58
# Urinary System
cystectomy
excision of the bladder
59
# Urinary System
cystolithotomy
incision of the bladder to remove a stone
60
# Urinary System
cystostomy
creating an artifical opening into the bladder
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# Urinary System
cystorrhaphy
suturing the bladder
62
# Urinary System
cystotomy, vesicotomy
incision of the bladder
63
# Urinary System
lithotripsy
surgical crushing of a stone
64
# Urinary System
meatotomy
incision of the meatus (to enlarge it)
65
# Urinary System
nephrectomy
excision of the kidney
66
# Urinary System
nephrolithotomy
incision of the kidney to remove a stone
67
# Urinary System
nephrolithotripsy
surgical crushing of a stone in the kidney
68
# Urinary System
nephrolysis
separating the kidney (from other body structures)
69
# Urinary System
nephropexy
surgical fixation of the kidney
70
# Urinary System
nephrostomy
creation of an artifical opening into the kidney
71
# Urinary System
pyelolithotomy
incision of the renal pelvis to remove a stone
72
# Urinary System
pyeloplasty
surgical repair of the renal pelvis
73
# Urinary System
ureterostomy
creation of an artifical opening into the ureter
74
# Urinary System
ureterectomy
excision of a ureter
75
# Urinary System
urethroplasty
surgical repair of the urethra
76
# Urinary System
vesicourethral suspension
suspension pertaining to the bladder and urethra
77
# Urinary System
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
a noninvasive treatment for removal of kidney stone or ureteral stone. By using ultrasound and fluoroscopic imaging, the stone is positioned at a focal point. Repeated firing of the shock waves renders the stone into fragments that pass from the body in the urine.
78
# Urinary System
fulguration
destruction of living tissue with an electric spark
79
# Urinary System
renal transplant
surgical implantation of a donor kidney to replace a nonfunctioning kidney
80
# Urinary System
cystogram
radiographic image of the bladder
81
# Urinary System
cystography
radiographic imaging of the bladder
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# Urinary System
intravenous urogram (IVU)
radiographic image of the urinary tract
83
# Urinary System
nephrogram
radiographic image of the kidney
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# Urinary System
nephrography
radiographic imaging of the kidney
85
# Urinary System
nephrosonography
process of recording the kidney using sound (an ultrasound test)
86
# Urinary System
nephrotomogram
sectional radiographic image of the kidney
87
# Urinary System
renogram
(graphic) record of the kidney
88
# Urinary System
retrograde urogram
radiographic image of the urinary tract
89
# Urinary System
voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)
radiographic imaging of the bladder and the urethra
90
# Urinary System
KUB (Kidney, ureter, bladder)
a simple radiographic image of the abdomen. It is often used to view the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to determine size, shape, and location.
91
# Urinary System
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
a blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood; used to determine kidney function. An increased BUN indicates renal dysfunction
92
# Urinary System
creatinine (cre-AT-i-nin)
a blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in the blood. An elevated amount may indicate impaired kidney function.
93
# Urinary System
specific gravity (SG)
a test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys
94
# Urinary System
urinalysis (UA)
multiple routine tests performed on a urine specimen.
95
# Urinary System
albuminuria (al-bu-min-U-re-a)
albumin in the urine (albumin is an important protein in the blood, but when found in the urine, it indicates a kidney problem)
96
# Urinary System
anuria (an-U-re-a)
absence of urine (failure for kidneys to produce urine
97
# Urinary System
diuresis (di-u-RE-sis)
condition of urine passing through (increased amount of urine)
98
# Urinary System
dysuria (dis-U-re-a)
difficult or painful urination
99
# Urinary System
glycosuria (gli-ko-SU-re-a)
sugar (glucose) in the urine
100
# Urinary System
hematuria (hem-a-TU-re-a)
blood in the urine
101
# Urinary System
meatal (me-A-tal)
pertaining to the meatus
102
# Urinary System
nephrologist (ne-FROL-o-jist)
a physician who studies and treats diseases of the kidney
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# Urinary System
nephrology (ne-FROL-o-je)
study of the kidney (a branch of medicine dealing with diseases of the kidney)
104
# Urinary System
nocturia (nok-TU-re-a)
night urination
105
# Urinary System
oliguria (ol-i-GU-re-a)
scanty urine (amount)
106
# Urinary System
polyuria (pol-e-U-re-a)
much (excessive) urine
107
# Urinary System
pyuria (pi-U-re-a)
pus in the urine
108
# Urinary System
urinary (u-rin-ar-e)
pertaining to urine
109
# Urinary System
urologist (u-ROL-o-jist)
a physician who studies and treats diseases of the urinary tract
110
# Urinary System
urology
study of the urinary tract
111
# Urinary System
catheter
flexible, tubelike, device, such as a urinary catheter, for withdrawing or instilling fluids
112
# Urinary System
distended
stretched out (bladder is distended when filled with urine)
113
# Urinary System
enuresis (en-u-RE-sis)
involuntary urination
114
# Urinary System
hemodialysis (HD)
procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so.
115
# Urinary System
incontinence
inability to control bladder and/or bowels
116
# Urinary System
micturate (MIK-tu-rat)
to urinate or void
117
# Urinary System
peritoneal dialysis (par-i-to-NE-al di-AL-i-sis)
procedure for removing toxic wastes when the kidney is unable to do so.
118
# Urinary System
stricture (STRIK-chur)
abnormal narrowing, such as a urethral stricture
119
# Urinary System
urinal
receptacle for urine
120
# Urinary System
urinary catheterization
passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine
121
# Urinary System
urodynamics (u-ro-di-NAM-iks)
pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract
122
# Urinary System
void
to empty or evacuate waster material, especially urine
123
# Urinary System
ARF
acute renal failure
124
# Urinary System
BUN
Blood urea nitrogen
125
# Urinary System
cath
catheterization, catheter
126
# Urinary System
CRF
chronic renal failure
127
# Urinary System
ESRD
end-stage renal failure
128
# Urinary System
ESWL
extracorpeal shock wave lithotripsy
129
# Urinary System
HD
hemodialysis
130
# Urinary System
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
131
# Urinary System
IVU
intravenous urogram
132
# Urinary System
OAB
overactive bladder
133
# Urinary System
SG
specific gravity
134
# Urinary System
UA
urinalysis
135
# Urinary System
UTI
urinary tract infection
136
# Urinary System
VCUG
voiding cystourethrogram
