Chapter 1: Lesson 3 Flashcards
Risk factor
Any attribute, characteristic, or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury.
Cholesterol
A waxy, fatlike substance found in bodily cells
Stroke
A sudden lack of blood supply to the brain, caused by either a blockage in an artery or ruptured blood vessel.
Heart attack
The action that occurs when an artery supplying the heart with blood and oxygen becomes blocked; medically known as a myocardial infarction.
Heart failure
A condition in which the heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs.
Heart valve problem
A condition that occurs when one or more heart valves do not function properly, causing shortness of breath and reduced oxygen supply to the body.
Arrhythmia
A problem with the rate or rhythm of a person’s heartbeat. The heart beats too quickly, too slowly, or with an irregular pattern.
Ischemic heart disease
A category of heart-related problems caused by the narrowing of coronary arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle.
Atherosclerosis
The processes by which plaque is formed in arteries leading to reduced blood flow.
Physical activity
Bodily movement that results in energy expenditure and encompasses many modes and intensities. Movement that is not structured exercise such as recreational pursuits (e.g., golfing, gardening, and walking a dog).
Hypertension
Consistently elevated blood pressure.
Systolic blood pressure (SBP)
The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting; the first (top) number recorded.
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when heart is at rest or between beats; the second (bottom) number recorded.
Diabetes
Chronic metabolic disorder, caused by insulin deficiency, which impairs carbohydrate usage and enhances usage of fat and protein.
Glucose
The simplest form of carbohydrate used by the body for energy.
