Diuretics facts

Question 1

natriureses

Answer 1

increased sodium excretion

Question 2

kaliuresis

Answer 2

increased potassium excretion

Question 3

proximal tubule

Answer 3

60-70% of Na+
>90% of HCO3-
absorbed here

Question 4

Loop of henle

Answer 4

20-30% Na+ happens in ascending tubule
moved by Na+/K+/2Cl-

Question 5

distal tubule

Answer 5

5-10% of Na+ by active transport via a Na+/Cl-
Ca+ excretion controlled by PTH in exchange for K+ moving out

Question 6

collecting duct

Answer 6

2-5% of Na in exchange for K+ or H+
vasopression controls aquaporins

Question 7

aldosterone

Answer 7

increases Na+ reabsorption sacrificing K+ or H+
stimulated by low Na+ or high K

Question 8

aldosterone antagonists

Answer 8

limited usefulness when used alone
when used with loop diuretics or thiazides helps prevent hypokalemia