2S [LAB]: Calcium

Question 1

5th most common element

Answer 1

Calcium

Question 2

Most prevalent cation in the body

Answer 2

Calcium

Question 3

Maximal absorption of calcium is at what pH range?

Answer 3

Acidic

Question 4

The reservoir form of calcium is bound to ___ and is ___% in the ECF

Answer 4

Albumin
40%

Question 5

The physiologically active form of calcium is ___ and is ___% in the ECF

Answer 5

Ionized
45%

Question 6

___% of calcium in the ECF is bound to anions as citrate, HCO3-, and lactate

Answer 6

15%

Question 7

How many percent of total calcium in the body is present in the ECF?

Answer 7

1%

Question 8

Hormone that stimulate osteoclast for bone destruction

Answer 8

Parathyroid hormone

Question 9

Hormone that maintains normal calcium levels and converts inactive to active calcium

Answer 9

Vitamin D

Question 10

Inhibitory hormone of PTH and vitamin D

Answer 10

Calcitonin

Question 11

Calcitonin is secreted by the ___

Answer 11

Parafollicular thyroid gland

Question 12

The calcium determination using colorimetric method uses ___ dye

Answer 12

Arsenazo III

Question 13

The reference method for total calcium determination is ___

Answer 13

Atomic absorption spectrophotometer

Question 14

Aside from the Arzenazo III dye, what is the other method for calcium determination?

Answer 14

Ortho-cresolpthtalein complexone (CPC)

Question 15

This calcium determination uses membrane impregnated with special molecules that selectively, but reversibly, bind Ca++ ions

Answer 15

Ion selective electrode

Question 16

A calcium determination method that uses an electrical potential development, which is proportional to the ionized Ca++ concentration

Answer 16

Ion Selective Electrode

Question 17

Preferred anticoagulant for calcium determination

Answer 17

Lithium heparin

Question 18

These anticoagulants are not preferred for calcium determination as they bind with calcium

Answer 18

EDTA
Oxalate

Question 19

T/F: In total calcium determination, samples must be collected anaerobically

Answer 19

False (ionized calcium samples are collected anaerobically)

Question 20

Temperature preferred in sample collection for calcium determination

Answer 20

Room temperature

Question 21

Identify the effect on calcium:

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 21

Hypercalcemia

Question 22

Identify the effect on calcium:

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 22

Hypercalcemia

Question 23

Identify the effect on calcium:

Benign familial hypocalciuria

Answer 23

Hypercalcemia

Question 24

Identify the effect on calcium:

Multiple myeloma

Answer 24

Hypercalcemia

Question 25

Identify the effect on calcium: Increased vitamin D

Answer 25

Hypercalcemia

Question 26

Identify the effect on calcium: Thiazide diuretics

Answer 26

Hypercalcemia

Question 27

Identify the effect on calcium: Prolonged immobilization

Answer 27

Hypercalcemia

Question 28

Identify the effect on calcium: Hypoparathyroidism/ hypothyroidism

Answer 28

Hypocalcemia

Question 29

Identify the effect on calcium: Hypomagnesemia

Answer 29

Hypocalcemia

Question 30

Identify the effect on calcium: Hypermagnesemia

Answer 30

Hypocalcemia

Question 31

Identify the effect on calcium: Hypoalbuminemia

Answer 31

Hypocalcemia

Question 32

Identify the effect on calcium: Acute pancreatitis

Answer 32

Hypocalcemia

Question 33

Identify the effect on calcium: Vitamin D deficiency

Answer 33

Hypocalcemia

Question 34

Identify the effect on calcium: Rhabdomyolysis

Answer 34

Hypocalcemia

Question 35

Important ion in bone mineralization and muscle contraction

Answer 35

Calcium

Question 36

Important ion for cardiac contractility and conduction

Answer 36

Calcium