Inotropic Drugs - Limitations in Heart Failure

Question 1

Naprilysin ____________.

Answer 1

degrades BNP

Question 2

Ivabradine blocks the _________, and thus __________.

Answer 2

I(funny) channels; decreases heart rate

Question 3

Ivabradine is contraindicated in patients ______________.

Answer 3

who are pregnant, bradycardic, have liver impairment, or are taking CYP3A4-affecting drugs

Question 4

Digoxin is cleared by the _________, so do not give it to patients with _________.

Answer 4

kidneys; renal failure

Question 5

Digoxin levels are monitored are should be kept between ___________.

Answer 5

0.5 and 1.0 ng/ml

Question 6

Digoxin has no benefit in those with ___________.

Answer 6

preserved ejection fraction

Question 7

The population that is given digoxin is _________.

Answer 7

patients with refractory HF receiving ARBs/ACEI, ß-blockers, and diuretics; HFrEF patients who don’t respond to the standard triad of drugs

Question 8

Patients receiving antiarrhythmics, antifungals, aminoglycosides, and calcium-channel blockers should have their digoxin __________.

Answer 8

reduced

Question 9

The two main inotropic drugs are ____________.

Answer 9

dobutamine and milrinone

Question 10

Milrinone is a _____________.

Answer 10

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Question 11

Dobutamine is a ___________.

Answer 11

ß1 agonist

Question 12

Inotropic drugs (like dobutamine and milrinone) are given to those who are ________.

Answer 12

cold and wet

Question 13

Sacubitril inhibits __________, the enzyme that normally degrades ________.

Answer 13

naprilysin; BNP

Question 14

BNP and ANP work to __________.

Answer 14

lower blood pressure by inducing peeing and vasodilation

Question 15

Digoxin’s half life is __________.

Answer 15

38 hours

Question 16

Digoxin toxicity can arise from ______________.

Answer 16

hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypercalcemia

Question 17

Dopamine is _____________.

Answer 17

an endogenous precursor of norepinephrine