Section 3A(ii) Latin to English

Question 1

Graecī īrātissimī bellum gerere et Īlium dēlēre et Helenam referre cōnstituērunt;

Answer 1

The Greeks, (being) very angry, decided to wage war and to destroy Troy and to bring back Helen;

Question 2

sed quamquam plūs quam nouem annōs ante eam urbem mānsērunt, Īlium capere nōn potuērunt.

Answer 2

but although for more than nine years they remained before that city, they were not able to capture Troy.

Question 3

Vlixēs igitur eōs līgneum equum maximum facere iussit, hominum optimōrum plēnum.

Answer 3

Therefore Ulysses ordered them to build an extremely large wooden horse, full of the best men.

Question 4

in eō scrīpsērunt DANAĪ EQVVM MINERVAE DANT.

Answer 4

On that they wrote “The Greeks give a horse to Minerva.”

Question 5

equum eum in lītore posuērunt et castra relīquērunt.

Answer 5

They placed that horse on the shore and left the camp.

Question 6

Trōiānī laetissimī per portās equum in arcem Mineruae dūxērunt.

Answer 6

The Trojans very happily [very happy] led the horse through the gates into the citadel of Minerva.

Question 7

“scandit fātālis māchina mūrōs, fēta armīs.

Answer 7

“The fateful machine climbed the walls, pregnant with weapons.”

Question 8

“puerī circum innūptaeque puellae sacra canunt.”

Answer 8

“Boys and unmarried girls, all around, sing sacred songs.”

Question 9

sed dum Trōiānī dormiunt, mīlitēs Graecī statim ex eō equō exiērunt et portārum custōdēs occīdērunt;

Answer 9

But while the Trojans sleep, the Greek soldiers at once have left [out of] that horse and have killed the guards of the gates;

Question 10

deinde portās aperuērunt, et ubi mīlitēs plūrēs urbem intrāuērunt, Īlium cēpērunt.

Answer 10

next they opened the gates, and when more soldiers entered the city, they took Troy.

Question 11

id fātum Trōiānōrum fuit.

Answer 11

This was the fate of the Trojans.

Question 12

dux gentis Trōiānae Aenēas fuit.

Answer 12

Aeneas was a leader of the Trojan race.

Question 13

is fīlius Veneris et Anchīsae fuit (illa dea, hic mortālis fuit).

Answer 13

He was the son of Venus and Anchises (the former was a goddess, the latter mortal).

Question 14

ubi mīlitēs Graecī Īlium dēlēuērunt, Aenēas profugus ōrās Trōiae relinquit et plūrimōs annōs multa patitur ob īram Iūnōnis, Iouis uxōris.

Answer 14

When the Greek soldiers destroyed Troy, Aeneas, as an exile, leaves the shores of Troy and suffers much [many things] for a great many years, on account of the wrath of Juno, the wife of Jupiter.

Question 15

nam, quod Iūnō amāuit Carthāginem, urbem Libyae dīuitem et asperam et ferōcem futūram …

Answer 15

For, because Juno loved Carthage, a city of Libya destined to be wealthy, cruel, and fierce …

Question 16

—immo dītiōrem et asperiōrem et ferōciōrem quam omnīs aliās urbēs—

Answer 16

—in fact (it was destined to be) richer and more cruel and fierce than all other cities—

Question 17

… nōluit Trōiānōs Rōmam condere, urbem dītiōrem, ferōciōrem, meliōrem quam Carthāginem.

Answer 17

… she (Juno) did not want the Trojans to found Rome, a richer, fiercer and better city than Carthage.

Question 18

sīc autem Parcae uoluērunt:

Answer 18

However the Fates willed (it) so:

Question 19

“id fātum futūrum est:

Answer 19

“This is destined to be (its) fate.”

Question 20

“Trōiānī Rōmam condent, et Carthāginem, urbem pēiōrem, in tribus bellīs asperrimīs et ferōcissimīs uincent.”

Answer 20

“The Trojans will found Rome, and Carthage, a worse city, they will defeat in three extremely harsh and fierce wars.”

Question 21

Iūnō igitur Aenēan ab Ītaliā multōs annōs, maria omnia circum, arcēre uoluit.

Answer 21

Therefore Juno wanted to keep Aeneas from Italy for many years, around the whole sea.

Question 22

“tantae mōlis erat Rōmānam condere gentem.”

Answer 22

“So difficult [of such great difficulty] was it to found the Roman race.”

Question 23

sed Iuppiter nōluit Aenēan longē ab Ītaliā plūrēs annōs errāre.

Answer 23

But Jupiter did not want Aeneas to wander far from Italy for more years.

Question 24

melius eī uidētur Venerem cōnsōlārī, quod ea Aenēan amāuit.

Answer 24

It seemed to him better to comfort Venus, because she (that one) loved Aeneas.

Question 25

sīc igitur Iuppiter eī dīxit:

Answer 25

Therefore Jupiter spoke to her thus:

Question 26

“nōlī umquam timēre.

Answer 26

“Do not ever be afraid.

Question 27

“meliōra tempora uenient.

Answer 27

“Better times will come.

Question 28

“manent immōta fāta tibi.

Answer 28

“The fates remain unchanged for you.

Question 29

“uidēbis Rōmam futūram urbem dītiōrem, ferōciōrem, meliōrem quam Carthāginem.

Answer 29

“You will see that Rome will be a city richer, fiercer, (and) better than Carthage.

Question 30

“et Aenēas, fīlius tuus, nunc mortālis, dīuīnus fīet.

Answer 30

“And Aeneas, your son, now a mortal, will become divine.

Question 31

“Aenēas in Ītaliam ingrediētur.

Answer 31

“Aeneas will enter (into) Italy.

Question 32

“illīc bellum maximum geret.

Answer 32

“There he will wage a very large war.

Question 33

“in eō bellō populōs ferōcissimōs uincet et moenia Lāuīniī pōnet, urbis multō minōris quam Rōmae futūrae.

Answer 33

“In that war he will defeat the fiercest peoples and will place walls at Lavinium, a city much smaller than the Rome (that is) to be.

Question 34

“fīlius eius Iūlus trīgintā annōs rēgnābit.

Answer 34

“His son Iulus will reign for thirty years.

Question 35

“sed moenia Lāuīniī relinquet et rēgnum in Albam Longam trānsferet, urbem māiōrem quam Lāuīnium, sed multō minōrem quam Rōmam futūram.

Answer 35

“But he will leave the walls of Lavinium and will transfer the kingdom to Alba Longa, a city greater than Lavinium, but much [by much] smaller the Rome (that is) to be.

Question 36

“post trecentōs annōs, Rōmulus nāscētur.

Answer 36

“After thirty years Romulus will be born.

Question 37

“hic Rōmam condet, urbem maximam et dītissimam.

Answer 37

“This (man) will will found Rome, a very great and very wealthy city.

Question 38

“hic moenia Rōmae pōnet et in urbe eā rēgnābit et dē nōmine suō gentem ‘Rōmānam’ appellābit.

Answer 38

“This (man) will set up the walls of Rome [or: “at Rome”] and he will rule in that city and he will call the race “Roman” from his own name.

Question 39

“Rōmānī bella plūrima gerent et per orbem tōtum plūrimōs annōs rēgnābunt.”

Answer 39

“The Romans will wage more wars and will rule for many years throughout the whole world.”

Question 40

“ ‘hīs ego nec mētās rērum nec tempora pōnō:

Answer 40

“ ‘For them I place neither limits nor times.’

Question 41

“ ‘imperium sine fīne dedī.

Answer 41

“ ‘I have given power without limit.’

Question 42

“ ‘quīn aspera Iūnō cōnsilia in melius referet, mēcumque fouēbit Rōmānōs, rērum dominōs gentemque togātam.’ ”

Answer 42

“ ‘And in fact Juno will change her plans to the better, and will cherish the Romans with me, (as) masters of affairs and a toga-wearing race.’ ”