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BUHAY DENTISTA > anaphy integumentary system > Flashcards

anaphy integumentary system Flashcards

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1
Q

which means inward

A

integumentare

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2
Q

meaning to cover

A

tegere

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3
Q

Composed of skin, hair,
glands, nails and sensory
receptors.

A

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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4
Q

The skin acts as a barrier against physical damage, UV radiation, and pathogens

A

PROTECTion

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5
Q

The skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to sunlight.

A

Vitamin D Production

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6
Q

The skin excretes some waste products through sweat,

A

Excretion

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7
Q

The skin contains numerous nerve endings that detect touch

A

Sensation

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8
Q

by controlling blood flow near the surface

A

Temperature regulation

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9
Q

aka_____ or
integument covers the external
surface of the body.

A

Skin/cutaneous membrane

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10
Q

in both surface area and weight
(16% of total body weight).

❑ Thickest:
❑ Thinnest:

❑ 2 parts:

A

Largest organ of the body

heels
eyelids

epidermis and dermis

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11
Q

It consists mainly of a stratified squamous keratinized
epithelium

A

Epidermis

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12
Q

Keratin synthesis

A

Keratinocytes

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13
Q

Pigment production;
PROTECTS THE DNA

A

Melanocytes

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14
Q

Antigen presenting cell (a
type of macrophage)

A

Langerhans cells

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15
Q

Tactile epithelial cells

A

Merkel cells

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16
Q

Stratum basale (basal layer) and the thicker stratum spinosum (spinous layer) are collectively called

A

Malpighian layer

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17
Q

Layers of Epidermis:
Outermost layer
Absent in thin skin
Granular layer
Thickest layer
Mitotic division

A

Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale

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18
Q

germ cell where mitosis
occur / stem cells

A

Basal Layer/ Germinativum

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19
Q

Cells are arranged as a single layer of

A

cuboidal or low columnar cells

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20
Q

Keratinocyte stem cells undergo mitotic divisions approximately every

A

19 days

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21
Q

with their associated Merkel discs are scattered among the keratinocytes of the basal layer.

A

Melanocytes and Merkel cells

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22
Q

Thickest and still the thickest even in
thin skin

A

Stratum Spinosum

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23
Q

Aka Prickle cell layer/ Spinous layer

A

Stratum Spinosum

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24
Q

Composed of polyhedral keratinocytes
with active protein synthetic function

A

KERATIN SYNTHESIS

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25
Connected by desmosomes
Stratum Spinosum
26
where langerhan cells are located
Stratum Spinosum
27
Organelles begin to degenerate
Stratum Granulosum/Granular Layer
28
Three to five rows of flattened keratinocytes
Stratum Granulosum/Granular Layer
29
thin, transparent/clear zone that consists of several layers of dead cells (3-5 layers)
Stratum Lucidum
30
Stratum Lucidum Present in thick skin:
fingertips, palms, and soles.
31
Made of dead cells without nucleus aka
Stratum Corneum/ Cornified layer
32
second, deeper part of the skin
Dermis
33
composed of a strong connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers FOR TENSILE STRENGTH
Dermis
34
Small, fingerlike structures
Papillary layer
35
Made of loose connective tissue
Papillary layer
36
consists of dense irregular connective tissue
Reticular layer
37
Detect pain, temperature and touch
Free nerve endings
38
high frequency receptors
Pacinian corpuscles
39
vibration low frequency
Meissner’s corpuscles
40
hot sensation
Ruffini endings
41
coldn sensation
Krause end bulb
42
the least abundant cell of the skin
Langerhans cell
43
are present on most skin surfaces except the palms
Hairs, or pili
44
protection and light touch sensation
Hairs, or pili
45
Most keratinized ❑Provides strength and helps keep the inner layers tightly compacted
Cuticle
46
Surrounds the medulla
Cortex
47
Consist of large cell and air spaces
Medulla
48
Only part of the hair that contains soft keratin, absent in fine hairs Medulla
Medulla
49
penetrates into the dermis
Hair root
50
❑ Surrounds the hair root ❑ Produce the hair shafts
Hair follicles
51
❑ Smooth muscle cells ❑ Pulls hairs upright when cold or frightened
Arrector pili muscle
52
contractions force force sebum out
Arrector pili muscle
53
ANagen (Growth) CAtagen (Regression) TElogen (Resting)
ANagen (Growth) CAtagen (Regression) TElogen (Resting)
54
Fine long hairs in the body covering the fetus
Lanugo hairs
55
Fine short unmedullated hairs covering the body
Vellus hairs
56
Long coarse medullated hairs in the scalp and pubic region influenced by sex hormone
Terminal hairs
57
3 TYPES OF SECRETION
merocrine secretion apocrine secretion holocrine secretion
58
vesicle fuse with the cell membrane to secrete the product of the gland
merocrine secretion
59
parts of the cell is pinched off
apocrine secretion
60
a mature cell dies completely to secrete the product
holocrine secretion
61
❑ Produce sweat ❑ Widely distributed in skin except nipples and parts of external genitalia
Sweat or Sudoriferous Glands
62
❑ produce a thick secretion rich in organic substances (odorless) ❑ open into follicles but only in axilla and genitalia ❑ no dark cells ❑ surrounded by myoepithelial cells ❑ produces PHEROMONES
Apocrine
63
❑ clear cells - produces sweat ❑ dark cells – fight bacteria ❑ myoepithelial cells that can contract to push sweat ❑ coiled tubular discharge directly to skin surface ❑ distributed to palms and soles
Merocrine/ Eccrine
64
large, lipid- producing cells filled with small fat droplets
Sebocytes
65
produce a mixture of lipids
sebum
66
Modified apocrine glands found in the lining of the external ear canal
Ceruminous Glands
67
Secretion mixes with sebum to produce cerumen or ear wax.
Ceruminous Glands
68
Hard, flexible plates of keratin on the dorsal surface of each distal phalanx
nails
69
dense keratinized plate
Nail Body/ plate
70
formed by the epidermal stratum corneum extending from the proximal nail fold
Cuticle or eponychium
71
proximal part covered by the proximal skin fold which is thin and lacks both hair and glands
Nail root
72
stratified squamous epithelium where the plate rests
Nail bed
73
a permanent coloration of the skin
tattooing
74
is deposited with a needle into the dermis
foreign pigment
75
three pigments that impart a wide variety of colors to skin
Melanin, hemoglobin, and carotene
76
2 FORMS OF MELANIN
❑ pheomelanin (yellow to red) ❑ eumelanin (brown to black)

BUHAY DENTISTA (61 decks)

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