Anteriomedial Thigh

Question 1

What are the lateral and medial margins of the saphenous opening called respectively?

Answer 1

Lateral - Falciform margin, Medial - Cribriform fascia

Question 2

The great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein through what structure?

Answer 2

The saphenous opening

Question 3

What covers the saphenous opening?

Answer 3

Loose connective tissue

Question 4

What is the iliotibial tract (IT band) composed of?

Answer 4

A double layer of fascia

Question 5

The IT tract runs from where to where?

Answer 5

Iliac tubercle to the anterolateral tibial tubercle (Gerdys tubercle)

Question 6

The IT band serves as the aponeurosis for what muscles?

Answer 6

Tensor of fascia lata and Gluteus maximums

Question 7

What is the function of the IT band?

Answer 7

Stabilizes the lateral hip and knee

Question 8

What are the compartments of the thigh?

Answer 8

Anterior, medial, posterior

Question 9

What do the intermuscular septa of the thigh arise from and what do they attach to?

Answer 9

Arise from fascia lata and attach to linea aspera

Question 10

The medial intermuscular septum divides which two compartments?

Answer 10

Medial and anterior

Question 11

The posterior intermuscular septum divides which two compartments?

Answer 11

Posterior and medial

Question 12

The lateral intermuscular septum divides which two compartments?

Answer 12

Posterior and anterior

Question 13

What are the three intermusuclar septa of the thigh?

Answer 13

Medial, posterior, lateral

Question 14

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment and what is their innervation?

Answer 14

Extensors of knee, some flexors of hip, innervated by femoral nerve

Question 15

What is the longest muscle in the human body?

Answer 15

Sartorius

Question 16

What is the strongest muscle in the human body?

Answer 16

Quadriceps femoris

Question 17

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment

Answer 17

Sartorius, Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medius, vastus intermedius), Iliopsoas, Pectineus (considered transitional between anterior and medial compartments)

Question 18

What nerve and what spinal nerves does the patellar reflex test?

Answer 18

Femoral nerve, L2-L4

Question 19

Where in the pelvic cavity should you look to find the femoral nerve?

Answer 19

The trough between the iliacus and psoas muscles

Question 20

What would tightness of the iliopsoas muscle cause?

Answer 20

Increased lumbar curvature

Question 21

Generally speaking, what are the functions of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 21

Leg extension, kicking, supporting a bent knee position

Question 22

What is the general function of muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 22

To adduct the thigh

Question 23

What nerve innervates muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 23

Obturator nerve

Question 24

What is the exception to the pattern of innervation amongst muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 24

The hamstring part of the adductor magnus is innervated by the sciatic nerve whereas all the others are innervated by the obturator nerve

Question 25

Which adductor muscle is most deep?

Answer 25

Adductor magnus

Question 26

What is the opening between the two parts of the adductor magnus called?

Answer 26

The adductor hiatus

Question 27

What muscle has 4 openings for perforating veins?

Answer 27

Adductor magnus

Question 28

What transmits the femoral vessels from the adductor canal to the popliteal fossa?

Answer 28

The adductor hiatus

Question 29

What is the common tendon of insertion for three thigh muscles called, and what are the three thigh muscles?

Answer 29

Pes Anserinus. The muscles are gracilis, sartorius, and semi-tendinosus

Question 30

What structure divides the subinguinal space, what does it divide the space into, and where is each subdivision?

Answer 30

Iliopectineal arch divides subinguinal space into muscular lacuna (lateral) and vascular lacuna (medial)

Question 31

What is the iliopectineal arch composed of?

Answer 31

It is a thickening of iliopsoas fascia

Question 32

Name the structure (excluding empty space) medial to the femoral artery and nerve and the structure medial to that structure

Answer 32

Rosenmuller lymph nodes are medial to femoral a and v, femoral ring is medial to the lymph node

Question 33

Give the borders of the femoral triangle

Answer 33

Inguinal ligament (Superior), Sartorius (lateral), Adductor longus (medial)

Question 34

What structures form the floor of the femoral triangle?

Answer 34

Iliopsoas and pectineus

Question 35

What is the adductor canal and what are two other names for it?

Answer 35

It is an intermuscular passageway. Also known as subsartorial or Hunters canal

Question 36

The adductor canal extends from where to where?

Answer 36

Apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus

Question 37

What nerve is the saphenous nerve a branch of?

Answer 37

The femoral nerve

Question 38

What nerve is the nerve to vastus medialis a branch of?

Answer 38

The femoral nerve

Question 39

List the contents of the adductor canal

Answer 39

Femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis

Question 40

Boundaries of the adductor canal

Answer 40

Vastus medius (lateral), Adductors longus and magnus (medially), Sartorius (roof), Vastoadductor fascia

Question 41

What is the structure in the femoral triangle which is not in the femoral sheath?

Answer 41

The femoral nerve

Question 42

What does the saphenous nerve innervate and what is unique about its course?

Answer 42

Skin on medial side of leg and foot, does not run through adductor hiatus

Question 43

What keeps the femoral vessels in place in the femoral triangle?

Answer 43

The femoral sheath

Question 44

What does the great saphenous vein pierce just inferior to the femoral triangle?

Answer 44

The femoral sheath

Question 45

The femoral sheaths have septa which divide what from what?

Answer 45

Artery from vein and vein from lymphatics

Question 46

Branches of the femoral artery

Answer 46

Superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac, superficial and deep external pudendal arteries, deep artery of thigh (profunda femoris), popliteal artery (terminal branch)

Question 47

Does the deep artery of the thigh run anterior or posterior to adductor longus?

Answer 47

Posterior

Question 48

Branches of the deep artery of the thigh

Answer 48

Medial circumflex femoral (supplies head and neck of femur), Lateral circumflex femoral (gives ascending branch, descending branch, supplies muscles of lateral thigh), 4 perforating arteries (supply muscles of the 3 compartments)

Question 49

Primary arterial supplies to the neck and head of the femur

Answer 49

Lateral circumflex femoral artery, medial circumflex femoral artery (with retinacular arteries), obturator artery