Peritoneal Cavity Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the two layers of the peritoneum and which is inner and which is outer?
Parietal (outer) and Visceral (inner)
Where are the two layers of the peritoneum continuous?
At the mesentery
What kinds of things run through mesentery?
Arteries, veins, lymphatics, nerves
An otherwise healthy individual presenting in severe abdominal pain is likely to be what condition and what is the cause related to?
Acute abdomen. Related to the innervation of the peritoneum
What is the innervation of the parietal and visceral peritoneum respectively?
Parietal - Somatic innervation, Visceral - Autonomic innervation
What type of pain stimulus does the visceral peritoneum respond to?
Stretching
A patient has appendicitis first aggravating the visceral peritoneum, then eventually the parietal peritoneum. What type of pain will the patient feel first (during visceral aggravation) and what type later (during parietal aggravation)?
Diffuse pain in areas such as umbilicus during visceral, Severe localized pain over the appendix during parietal
Referred shoulder pain may result from aggravation of what abdominal organ and through what nerve is this transmitted?
The peritoneal surface of the diaphragm becoming inflammed or aggravated may be transmitted through the phrenic nerve (C3,4,5) and perceived as shoulder pain
In males and females respectively, is the peritoneal cavity completely closed?
Yes in males, no in females
What structure has openings into the peritoneal cavity?
The uterine tubes
Ascites
Excessive fluid in the peritoneum
What does the peritoneal cavity develop from?
The intraembryonic coelom
Three mesenteries
Mesentery of small intestine, Transverse mesocolon, Sigmoid mesocolon
What does it mean if an organ is secondarily retroperitoneal?
The organ had a mesentary (was intraperitoneal) but lost it
Three organs that are secondarily retroperitoneal
Duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon
What are the two peritoneal sacs, what is the alternate name for one of them, and what is the space between them?
Greater peritoneal sac, Lesser peritoneal sac (omental bursa). They are separated by omental foramen
What are the four borders of the omental foramen and which border is each?
IVC (posterior), Hepatoduodenal ligament (Anterior), Liver (superior), Duodenum (inferior)
What does the greater omentum do?
It is the policeman of the abdomen, responding to chemical signals and moving from one side to the other
What two structures does the falciform ligament run between?
Umbilicus and liver
What are the two parts of the lesser omentum and which is on which side?
Hepatogastric ligament (left part between liver and lesser curvature), Hepatoduodenal ligament (right side)
The three peritoneal folds
Lateral umbilical fold, medial umbilical fold, median umbilical fold
The supracolic compartment is above what structure?
The transverse mesocolon
What separates the right and left infracolic spaces?
The root of mesentery of the small intestine
Paracolic gutters
Allow communication between supracolic and infracolic regions
