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MT2 > Antigens and Immunogens, Immunoglobulins and Complement System > Flashcards

Antigens and Immunogens, Immunoglobulins and Complement System Flashcards

1
Q

It is a substance that stimulates antibody formation and has the ability to bind to an antibody or a T lymphocyte antigen receptor.

A

Antigens

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2
Q

a macromolecules capable of triggering an adaptive immune response by inducing the formation of antibodies or sensitized T cells in an immunocompetent host.

A

Immunogens

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3
Q

a substance that causes detectable immune response.

A

immunogens

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4
Q

CHARACTERISTICS OF IMMUNOGEN TO STIMULATE A HOST RESPONSE

A

Macromolecular Size: greater than 10,000 daltons

Chemical Composition: Protein and Polysaccharides proteins

Foreignness: Nonself

Ability to be processed and presented with MHC molecules.

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5
Q

A part of antigen, reacts specifically with an antibody or T lymphocyte receptor.

A

Epitope

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6
Q

single determinant site and cannot form the cross links with more than antibody molecule.

A

Hapten

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7
Q

antibody is also known as _________ or
__________.

A

Immunoglobulin ; Gammaglobulins

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8
Q

A glycoprotein that binds to antigens

A

Antibody

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9
Q

5 classes of antibody/immunoglobulin

A

IgG
IgE
IgM
IgA
IgD

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10
Q

antibody has only one type of light chains: ____
or _____

A

kappa ; lambda

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11
Q

antibody/immunoglobulin has a basic structural unit a _________ composed of ______ and ______ chain joined together by _______

A

tetrapeptide ; two light and two heavy chain ; disulfide bonds.

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12
Q

Two Light Chain of Immunoglobulin/Antibody

A

a. Amino terminal or Variable Region
b. Carboxy terminal or Constant region

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13
Q

a light chain that is an Amino acid sequence

A

Amino terminal or Variable Region

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14
Q

Carboxy terminal or Constant region contains ________ bridges

A

3 disulfide

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15
Q

In Carboxy terminal or Constant region:

two connect heavy chains to _________
one connect heavy chains to ______

A

light chains ; each other

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16
Q

1st to be produced after antigenic stimulation

A

IgM

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17
Q

IgM is a Pentamers joined together by a ____

A

J chain

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18
Q

IgM is restructed to plasma due to _____ size

A

large

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19
Q

the 1st antibody to be produced in infection

A

IgM

20
Q

IgM is Powerful _______ and ______

A

agglutinin ; hemolysin

21
Q

2nd type of immunoglobulin to appear

A

IgD

22
Q

It play a role in B cell activation and play role in regulating B cell maturation and differentiation.

A

IgD

23
Q

IgD is postulated to be ________

A

idiopathic

24
Q

Predominant serum antibodies

A

IgG

25
Q

subclasses of IgG

A

IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4

26
Q

the only immunoglobulin that crosses placenta
and produced in secondary antibody response

A

IgG

27
Q
  • A reaginic antibody
  • Responsible for allergic reactions
  • Role in hypersensitivity
A

IgE

28
Q

IgA forms

A

Serum and secretory forms

29
Q

IgA form in a single immunoglobulin molecule

A

Serum Form

30
Q

IgA form which is a dimer held together by a J chain

A

Secretory

31
Q

IgA is found in

A

Mucus, Saliva, Tears and Breast Milk

32
Q

2 types of gammopathy

A

Monoclonal Gammopathy and Polyclonal Gammopathy

33
Q
  • Results from a single clone of lymphoid
A

Monoclonal Gammopathy

34
Q
  • Plasma cells producing elevated levels of a single
    class and type of immunoglobulin.
A

Monoclonal Gammopathy

35
Q

Monoclonal Gammopathy is also associated with

A
  • Multiple myeloma
  • Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia
36
Q

It is a common protein abnormality

A

Polyclonal Gammopathy

37
Q

An increase in more than one immunoglobulin
and involves several clones of plasma

A

Polyclonal Gammopathy

38
Q

Polyclonal Gammopathy, consist of one more ______ classes and both _______ types

A

heavy chain ; light chain

39
Q

It is labile series of 20 plasma proteins,
are enzymes or proteinase.

A

Complement

40
Q

Complement are proteins that are a major fraction of the ________ globulin.

A

beta 1 and 2

41
Q

Complement Major Role in Immunity

A
  • Final lysis of abnormal and pathogenic cells.
  • Opsonization and phagocytosis
  • Mediation of inflammation
42
Q

Complement Activity

A

A. Host Defense Against Infections
B. Interface between Innate and Adaptive Immunity
C. Disposal of Waste

43
Q

3 complement pathway

A

Classical
Alternate
Mannose Binding Lectin

44
Q

Complement pathway that involves nine proteins that are triggered by antigen- antibody combination.

A

Classical Pathway

45
Q

Complement pathway that is “properdin system”

A

Alternate Pathway

46
Q

Complement pathway that adheres to mannose found mainly in the cell or outer coating of bacteria, viruses, yeast and protozoa.

A

Mannose binding lectin

MT2 (45 decks)

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