Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MT2 > INTRO TO IH > Flashcards

INTRO TO IH Flashcards

1
Q

deals with the study of immunologic principles applied in blood group specific antigens and antibodies and its application in transfusion medicine.

A

IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

immunohematology dels with mechanism of:

A

o Blood typing
o Cross matching
o Anti-human globulin testing
o Detection and identification of antibodies
o Screening of donors for blood donation
o Bleeding techniques
o Preparation of blood components and blood
products (their storage and disposal with emphasis on quality system)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

refers to the serologic, biological and molecular study of antigens associated with membrane structures on the cellular constituents of blood, as well as the immunologic properties and reactions of blood components and constituent

A

Immunohematology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

played an integral role in the development of transfusion medicine, which includes the transfusion of blood, its components and its derivatives

A

immunohematology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

it deals with the study of immunologic principles applied in blood group specific antigens and antibodies and its application in transfusion medicine.

A

Immunohematology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

1492, he had an appopletic stroke; became weak and went into a coma. His physician ______ advised a blood transfusion as a therapeutic measure for his illness.

A

Pope Innocent VII/VIII ; Giacomo di San Genesio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

1615, he described the technique of blood transfusion but unfortunately, it wasn’t publicized.

A

Andreas Libavius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

1628, he described the function of heart and circulation of blood and showed that the heart was a pump and that the pulse wave was caused by the contraction of the heart which expelled blood into the arteries.

A

William Harvey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

1665, he performed 1st blood transfusion of animal using dog for experiment and later on, proceed from animal to human in the next 2yrs

A

Richard Lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

1667, in France, he reported successful transfusion from sheep to human

A

JEAN BAPTISTE DENISE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

in 1678, this outlawed the reaction of transfusion from animals to human that resulted to death and certain reactions

A

PARIS SOCIETY OF PHYSICIANS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

in 1795, he performed the first human blood transfusion but he didn’t publish

A

PHILIP SYNG PYSICK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

in 1818, he performed the first successful
transfusion of human blood to patient for the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. The patient’s husband was the donor, extracted small blood in the arm using syringe and successfully transfused the wife.

A

James Blundell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1840, he performed 1st successful whole blood transfusion to treat hemophilia (low levels of factor 8)

A

SAMUEL ARMSTRONG LANE AIDED ASSISTED: DR. JAMES BLUNDELL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

1867, he utilized antiseptics to control infection during blood transfusions

A

Joseph Lister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the antiseptic used by Joseph Lister is _____

A

Carbolic Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

1869, he recommend sodium phosphate as nontoxic anticoagulant to overcome clotting.

A

JOHN BRAXTON HICKS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

in 1873 to 1880, documented to have transfused milk (from cows and goats) to humans.

A

Physicians of United States

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

in 1884, Saline infusion replaced as a ________ due to increased frequency of adverse reaction to milk.

A

blood substitute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

1900, he discovers the first three human blood groups: A, B, C. Blood type C was later on changed to O.

A

Karl Landsteiner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

1902, they discovers the fourth blood type AB.

A

Alfred von Decastello and Adriano Sturli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

1907, he suggested the safety of transfusion might be improved by cross matching blood between donors and patients to exclude incompatibility.

A

Ludvig Hektoen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

in 1907, he
o Performed the first blood transfusion using blood typing and cross matching in Mt. Sinai Hospital.
o It also observed the Mendelian Inheritance of Blood groups.
o He recognized the universal utility of group O donors.

A

Reuben Ottenberg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

1908, Devices a way to prevent clotting by sewing the vein of the recipient directly to the artery of the donor.

A

Alexis Carrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

In 1908, Alexis Carrel performed the vein to vein or direct method known as _______

A

Anastomosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

anastomosis is also performed by ___ and _____

A

J.B Murphy and George Crile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

1908, documented and described the antiglobulin reaction (present in our body system)

A

Carlo Moreschi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

direct way of visualizing an antigenantibody reaction that has taken place but is not directly visible.

A

Antiglobulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

1912, they Formulated and developed the Lee-White Clotting Time.

A

Roger Lee, Paul Dudley White

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Demonstrated that it is safe to give group O blood to patients of any blood group and that blood from all group can be given to group AB patients.

A

Roger Lee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

1914, the long term anticoagulant. _________ were developed, allowing longer preservation of blood.

A

Sodium citrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

1915, uses sodium citrate as an anticoagulant to transform the transfusion procedure from direct to indirect.

A

Richard Lewisohn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

1915, he demonstrated the feasibility of refrigerated storage such anticoagulated blood.

A

Richard Weil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

1915, he was credited as the creator of the blood depot.

A

Oswald Hope Robertson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

1916, Introduced a citrate glucose solution that permitted storage of blood for several days after collection.

A

Francis Peytoun Rous, J.R Turner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

1925, Discovered 3 more blood group: M, N & P

A

Karl Landsteiner with Philip Levine

37
Q

1926, Instituted the first human blood transfusion service in the world.

A

British Red Cross

38
Q

what year is the discovery of other blood group systems and its antigens (M, N, S, P)

A

1927 to 1947

39
Q

1930, is the most important figure in transfusion medicine; who received the Nobel Prize for Medicine.

A

Karl Landsteiner

40
Q

1932, Leningrad Russia Hospital was the _______ functioning as a Blood Bank.

A

first facility

41
Q

1937, he
o Established the first hospital blood bank in the United States.
o A hospital laboratory that could preserve and store blood donors.
o Who originates the term _______.

A

Bernard Fantus ; Blood Bank

42
Q

1939 and 1940, They:
o Discovered the Rh blood group.
o And it was later on recognized as the cause of the majority of transfusion reactions.
o Known as the _________

A

Karl Landsteiner, Alex Weiner, Philip Levine and R.E Stetson ; Rhesus (Rh) system

43
Q

1940, he developed a cold ethanol fractionation. This is process of breaking down plasma into components and products using ethanol.. (Albumin is one of the component he was able to fractionate)

A

Edwin Cohn

44
Q

1940, he 1st demonstrated the 1st blood container, a vacuum bottle extensively used by the red cross and demonstrated the efficacy of the use of albumin (present in antibodies) in blood transfusion which can be used for patients with abnormalities.

A

John Eliot

45
Q

1940, he developed Plasma for Britain program (pilot project to collect blood for shipment to the British isless)

A

Charles R. Drew

46
Q

1942, Effectively treated victims of the Pearl Harbor attacks with Cohn’s albumin for shock.

A

Isodor Ravdin

47
Q

1943, Introduced Acid Citrate (ACD) solution, which reduces the volume of anticoagulant permitted transfusion of greater volumes of blood and longer term blood storage.

A

John Freeman Louitit and Patrick Loudun Mollison

48
Q

1943, published the classic description of transfusion transmitted hepatitis.

A

P. Beeson

49
Q

1945, Describe the use of antihuman globulin to identify incomplete antibodies.

A

Robin Coombs, Arthur Ernest Mourant, Robert Ruseel Race

50
Q

1950, _______________ was formed to promote common goals among blood banking facilities and the American blood donating public.

A

American Association of Blood Banks or AABB

51
Q

1950, Reports the use of glycerol cryoprotectant for freezing blood cells.

A

Audrey Smith

52
Q

1950, they
o Introduced the plastic bag for blood collection. This replace breakable glass bottles with rugged plastic bags.
o It allows for the evolution of a collection system capable of safe and easy preparation multiple blood components from a single unit of whole blood.

A

Carl Walter, William P. Murphy

53
Q

1951, Was established as a clearing house providing a centralized system in United States for exchanging blood among blood banks.

A

AABB

54
Q

1953, Development of the _________________ began to further expedite blood component therapy.

A

refrigerated centrifuge

55
Q

1954
o Was developed for people suffering Hemophilia.
o Known now as: AHF

A

Cryoprecipitate

56
Q

1954 to 1959 - products made from ________ were developed to treat disease such as chicken pox

A

blood plasma products

57
Q

1957, he introduced an improved preservative solution: citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD), to maintain longer preservation of blood.

A

John G. Gibson

58
Q

1957 to 1958 - forms its committee on inspection and accreditation to monitor implementations for blood banking.

A

AABB

59
Q

1959 - deciphered the molecular structure of hemoglobin, the molecule that transports oxygen and gives red blood cells their color.

A

Max Perutz

60
Q

1960, they reported the 1st therapeutic
plasmapheresis procedure

A

A. Solomon and J.L Fahey

61
Q

therapeutic procedure which separates the plasma from whole blood

A

Plasmapherisis

62
Q

1960, _____ begins publication of transfusion

A

AABB

63
Q

1961, the role of _________ in reducing mortality from hemorrhage in cancer patients was recognized. - can cure and control hemorrhage

A

platelet concentration (platelet concentrate)

64
Q

1962, 1st _____ concentrate for treatment coagulation disorder in hemophilia patients was developed through the process of fractionation

A

AHF

65
Q

1964, introduced as a means of collecting plasma for fractionation

A

Plasmapheresis

66
Q

1965, - report a method for producing cryoprecipitated AHF for treatment of hemophilia

A

JUDITH GRAHAM POOL AND ANGELA F. SHANON

67
Q

1967, commercially introduced to prevent Rh disease in the newborns of Rh- negative women

A

RH IMMUNE GLOBULIN

68
Q

1969, demonstrated the feasibility of storing platelet concentrate in room temp. which revolutionized platelet therapy

A

S. MURPHY AND F. GARDNER

69
Q

1970, blood banks move toward an all- ____________ system

A

volunteer blood donor system

70
Q

1971, Hepa B surface (HBsAg) testing of donated blood began in united states to all blood donors

  • Hepa B is infectious, can be forever at the system
    can lead liver cirrhosis and death
A

Hepatitis B testing

71
Q

1972, used to extract one cellular component returning the rest of the blood to the donor.

  • it is effective, the blood collected from the donor will be immediately transfused to the recipient (uses machine; very expensive)
A

Apheresis

72
Q

1979, A new anticoagulant preservative which extends the shelf life of whole blood and red blood cells to 35 days, increasing the blood supply and facilitating resource sharing among blood banks is introduced.

A

CPDA-1

73
Q

1980, Doctors began training in the specialties of blood transfusion and actively participated in patient care.

A

Patient Care Growth of Component Therapy

74
Q

1981, First case of a syndrome initially called GRID (Gay Related Immunodeficiency Disease) then later on renamed as _________ case reported.

A

(first case of AIDS) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

75
Q

1983, Newly introduced blood additive solutions resulted in extend shelf life of treated red blood cells to 42 days.

A

Additive Solution

76
Q

1984, identified as causative agent of AIDS

A

HIV

77
Q

1985, The first blood screening test to detect the probable presence of HIV was licensed and implemented by blood banks in the United States.

= ELISA test is universally adopted by American Blood Banks and Plasma Centers.

A

1st Blood Screening Test for HIV

78
Q

1987, evidence of hepatitis C were developed and implemented. The Hepatitis B core antibody and ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase Tests)

A

Screening Test for Hepatitis C

79
Q

1989, In the United States, __________ antibody (anti HTLV) testing of donated blood began.

A

Human T lymphotropic Virus O

80
Q

1990, The first specific test for _______ was introduced. This major cause of Non A, Non B hepatitis.

A

Hepatitis C

81
Q

1992, was established as a clearing house providing a centralized system in United States for exchanging blood among blood banks

A

HIV Testing

82
Q

1996, Testing of donated blood for the _____ antigen began however the test does not completely close the HIV window, it shortens the window period.

A

HIV p24

83
Q

1998, A public health effort to alert anyone who have been exposed to the virus through blood transfusion before 1992, they can receive medical counseling and treatment.

A

HCV Lookback Campaign

84
Q

1999,
o The blood manufacturing community began implementation of _________________ under the FDA’s investigational new drug application process.
o This method employs a testing technology that directly detects the genetic materials of viruses like HCV and HIV.

A

Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing (NAT)

85
Q

2002, This virus identified as transfusion transmissible virus.

A

West Nile Virus

86
Q

2002, Nucleic Acid Amplification Test for HIV and HCV licensed by the Food and Drug Administration.

A

NAT Licensed by FDA

87
Q

2003, FDA issues final guidance regarding Revised Recommendations for the Assessment of Donor Suitability and blood and blood product safety in causes of known or suspected WNV infection.

A

Revised Recommendations

88
Q

2005, FDA approves the first West Nile Virus blood test to screen donors of blood, organs, cells and tissues.

A

: FDA Approval

MT2 (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions