DNA VIRUSES Flashcards
(80 cards)
1
Q
viruses are ______ parasites
A
obligate
2
Q
viruses infect _______, ______, and other _____
A
animals, plants and other microbes
3
Q
viruses are limited to a particular ______ or _____ type
A
host or cell type
4
Q
All DNA viruses are _________ except for parvovirus, which have ________.
A
double-stranded ; ssDNA
5
Q
In viruses, viral infections range from _______ to ___________
A
very mild ; life-threatening diseases.
6
Q
Many viruses are strictly human in origin, others are _________ transmitted by vectors.
A
zoonoses
7
Q
Several viruses can cross the placenta and cause _______________
A
developmental disturbances.
8
Q
DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus:
A
Papovavirus, Adenovirus, Herpesvirus
9
Q
DNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm:
A
Poxvirus
10
Q
3 subfamilies of herpesviridae
A
- Alphaherpesvirinae
- Betaherpesvirinae
- Gammaherpesvirinae
11
Q
viruses under Alphaherpesvirinae
A
- Human simplex virus 1
- Human simplex virus 2
- Varicella-zoster virus
12
Q
viruses under Betaherpesvirinae
A
- Human CMV
- Human herpes virus 6
- Human herpes virus 7
13
Q
viruses under Gammaherpesvirinae
A
- Epstein-barr virus
- Karposi’s sarcoma herpes virus
14
Q
- Infections around the mouth (Orolabial,
oral-labial, or Oral-facial herpes)
A
herpes simplex virus 1
15
Q
Commonly acquired during childhood
and causes lifelong infection
A
herpes simplex virus 1
16
Q
transmission of herpes simplex virus 1
A
- oral to oral
- oral to genital
17
Q
herpes simplex virus 1 signs and symptoms:
A
- Painful blisters or open sores
- Sores around the lips
- Tingling
- Itching or burning sensation around the mouth before the appearance of the sore
18
Q
herpes simplex virus 1 causes
A
- Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis
- Acute herpetic pharyngotonsillitis
- Herpes labialis or “cold sores”
19
Q
Causes Genital Herpes
A
herpes simplex virus 2
20
Q
Considered lifelong and incurable
A
herpes simplex virus 2
21
Q
herpes simplex virus 2 transmission
A
- Sexually
- Vertical transmission
- Contact with genital surface, skin, sores, or fluids of an infected person
22
Q
herpes simplex virus 2 signs and symptoms
A
- Genital or anal blisters or open sores
- Fever
- Body aches
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Mild tingling or shooting pain in the legs, hip, and buttocks before the appearance of ulcer
23
Q
Other diseases caused by HSV
A
Herpetic Whitlow
Herpetic Gladiatorum
24
Q
- HSV infection of the fingers
- Can come from orofacial/genital herpes
A
Herpetic Whitlow
25
HSV infection of the face, neck,arms, and upper trunk
Herpetic Gladiatorum
26
Treatment for HSV 1 and 2
Antiviral drugs: Acyclovir, Famciclovir, or Valacyclovir
27
Also known as Human Herpes Virus type 3
VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS
28
VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS is a _______ DNA
double-stranded
29
VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS only infects _____
humans
30
VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS main target are
T lymphocyte, epithelial cells, and ganglia
31
VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS is a _______ disease
highly communicable
32
VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS causes
chickenpox and/or herpes zoster
33
VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS
neurological complications (zoster):
- Zoster paresis
- Neuralgia
- VZV meningoencephalitis
- VZV vasculopathy
- VZV-induced diseases of the eye
34
varicella-zoster virus prevention
Vaccine
35
varicella-zoster virus treatments
antiviral drugs
36
varicella-zoster virus detection
PCR
Direct Immunofluorescence
37
Chickenpox is..
- high contagious disease
- characterized by _______ and _______ on chest, back and face; may spread all over the body
- can be prevented by vaccine
itchy and blister-like rashes
38
chickenpox transmission
- Aerosol
- Droplets
- Direct /indirect contact
39
chickenpox signs and symptoms
- Fever
- Tiredness
- Loss of appetite
- Headache
40
Characterized by the reactivation of Varicella-zoster virus
HERPES ZOSTER
41
It is a painful rash that develops on one side of the face or body; may appear on either left or right in single stripes
HERPES ZOSTER
42
In herpes zoster, shingles on the face can affect the eye and can cause ______
loss of vision
43
herpes zoster signs and symptoms:
- Fever
- Headache
- Chills
- Stomach pain
- Burning sensation
- Numbness or tingling
- Presence fluid-filled blisters that breaks and crusts over
44
It is a common virus that remains in the body for life and is asymptomatic.
HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
45
HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS transmission
- Sexual contact with an infected person
- Breast milk of an infected mother
- Transplantation or blood transfusion
46
HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS causes 3 clinical syndrome
Congenital CMV infection
Mononucleosis syndrome
Life-threatening disease
47
HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS diagnosis and treatment
- Amniocentesis
- Antiviral drugs
48
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 6 Causes _______ also called _________
Roseola infantum ; Exanthem subitum
49
Occurs in children between the age of 6 to 24 months
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 6
50
Most common strain of HUMAN HERPES VIRUS
TYPE 6
HHV-6B
51
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 6 Can be reactivated by _______ or _______
stress ; other illnesses
52
(what virus that...) In uncomplicated cases, the infection clears up on its own
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 6
53
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 6 signs and symptoms
- High fever
- Rash in the torso,
arms, legs, back and face
54
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 6 treatment
There is no specific treatment but there are some significant evidence showing the use of Antiviral drugs are effective.
55
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 6 diagnosis
Detection of virus in the peripheral blood specimens by PCR
56
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 6 transmission
Person-to-person
57
First isolated in 1990 from CD4 T cells
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 7
58
Occurs in early life and is quite similar to
HHV-6 infection causes ________
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 7 ; exanthema
subitum
59
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 7 affects ____ of the adults worldwide
90%
60
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 7 symptoms
- Fever or febrile seizures
- Upper respiratory tract disease
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
61
Also known as Human Herpes Virus 4
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS
62
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS is also called as _______
Kissing Disease
63
One of the most common human viruses
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS
64
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS diagnosis
- Viral capsid antigen
- Early antigen
- EBV nuclear antigen
65
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS symptoms
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Lack of appetite
- Rash
- Sore throat
- Swollen glands in the neck
- Weakness and sore muscle
66
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS transmission
- Can be transmitted through body fluids like semen,
blood, or saliva
- Sharing of personal items
- Blood transfusion
- Organ transplant
67
Also known as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 8
68
Same sex intercourse and persons with HIV are at risk
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 8
69
Some may develop primary infection syndrome:
- Fever
- Rash
- Lymphadenopathy
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 8
70
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 8 signs and symptoms
- Nontender, hyperpigmented,
macular or nodular skin lesions
- Oral lesions
- Lymphatic involvement may
lead to lower extremity edema
71
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 8 transmission
Transmission is unclear, but saliva is believed as the source of infection
72
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS TYPE 8 diagnosis
- Tissue examination
- PCR
73
Common name of hepadnaviridae
Hepadnavirus
74
2 genus in hepadnaviridae
Orthohepadnavirus and Avihepadnavirus
75
Orthohepadnavirus includes
Hepatitis B Virus
Ground Squirrel
Woodchuck Hepa B virus
76
Avihepadnavirus includes
Duck Hepatitis B Virus and Heron Hepatitis B Virus
77
Causes hepatitis B infection
Hepa B virus
78
Hepa B site of infection
Liver
79
Incubation period of hepa B virus
60-90 days
80
- It is infectious outside the body for 7 days
- 10th leading cause of death
Hepa B
