Benign & Malignant Neoplasms Flashcards

1
Q

What is juvenile xanthogranuloma?

A

single spot, growing in kids, present at birth, asymptomatic, pink undertonem

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2
Q

How do you treat juvenile xanthogranuloma?

A

resolve by 5-6 yrs

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3
Q

What is a spitz nevus?

A

melanocytic nevus, beefy red color, kids

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4
Q

What is the treatment for spitz nevus?

A

if anything atypical - completely remove it

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5
Q

What is halo nevus?

A

normal, look at mole inside, if weird take if off, some of these moles go away

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6
Q

How do you treat halo nevus?

A

monitor - common in kids

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7
Q

What is nevus spilus?

A

present at birth

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8
Q

What is the treatment for nevus spilus?

A

monitor and biopsy anything weird = nodule or papules = bunch biopsy

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9
Q

What is becker’s melanosis?

A

teenage boy with light tan patch on chest and back, hairy, unilateral, shows up when hormones start

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10
Q

What is the treatment for becker’s melanosis?

A

nothing, cosmetics (laser hair removal?)

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11
Q

What is ILVEN?

A

benign, present on birth on extremity, ITCHHHYYY, resistent to tx, papules –> straight line

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12
Q

What is the treatment of ILVEN?

A

NONE, relieve itch, surgical excision

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13
Q

What is nevus sebaceous?

A

scalp, present at birth, greasy at puberty, has BCC within

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14
Q

What is the treatment for nevus sebaceous?

A

complete excision

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15
Q

What is neurofibroma?

A

benign tumors, look for cafe au lait, buttonhole sign, squeeshy

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16
Q

What is neurofibroma tx?

A

nothing

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17
Q

What is molluscum contagiosum?

A

contagious, shiny tiny umbilicated papule, viron in middle, croups, from fomites, itchy

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18
Q

How do you treat molluscum contagiosum?

A

Canthacur, veregen ointment In2

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19
Q

Can parents get molluscum contagiosum from kids?

A

no

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20
Q

What is mastocytoma?

A

single lesion, orange skin like spot, flat, when gets overhead then gets raised, then goes away –> mast cells in skin, run thumb over lesion in office and it will raise up
benign

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21
Q

What is the treatment for mastocytoma?

A
resolve in childhood
nonsedating H1 blockers/H2 blockers - 2 week trial of class 1 steroids under occlusion
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22
Q

What is nevus ota/ito?

A

ota = face
ito = shoulder
ipsilateral blue sclera
Asian population

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23
Q

What is the treatment for ota/ito nevus?

A

resolve by puberty

24
Q

What is the treatment for hemangiomas of infancy?

A

propranalol

25
What is the msot common benign soft tissue tumor in childhood?
hemangiomas of infancy
26
Who gets hemangiomas of infancy?
shite skin, higher in girls and premies
27
What are xanthelasma?
high cholesterol levels, increase risk of ischemic heart disease
28
What is the treatment for xanthelasma?
get blood work for lipis, numb and excisional surgery
29
What are milium?
tiny hard cysts, from heavy creams around eyes, make sure they are not something else
30
What is hidrocystoma?
tumor from apocrine or eccrine sweat glands | hotter climates
31
What are multiple hidrocystomas related to?
Schopf-Schulz-Passarge syndrom
32
How do you treat hidrocystomas?
CO2 laser, excision
33
What are syringoma?
benign, asian, high recurrance
34
What is trichilemmomas?
benign tumor, Cowden's disease if multiple, for plaque, men in their 50s biopsy maybe
35
What are mucocele?
rupture of salivary gland duct, blueish silver cast, translucent, inner surface of lips (lower)
36
How do you treat mucocele?
resolve on own, salt water rinses, surgical excision
37
What is lingual papillitis?
inflammation of papillae of tongue, due to trauma, stress, hormones, GI, spicy food, clinically dx
38
How do you treat lingual papillitis?
spontaneous resoluation, salt water rinses, local anesthetics, topical steroids
39
What can leukoplakia be?
squamous cell carcinoma
40
What are white patches on oral mucosa of lips?
leukoplakia
41
Who gets leukoplakia?
smokers
42
What is verrucous carcinoma/SCC?
wart like, floor of mouth, soft palate, non smoking female, growing -->SCC --> ENT
43
What is pyogenic granuloma?
due to trauma/infection - vascular painful blees a lot, crusted
44
What is the treatment of pyogenic granuloma?
surgical removal, silver nitrate or imiquimod, cauterize feeder vessel, make baby tourniquet with glove
45
What is acquired digital fibrokeratoma?
fibrous lesion on finger | idiopathic or trauma
46
What is the treatment for acquired digital fibrokeratoma?
cosmetic, surgical excision
47
What is subungual exostosis?
benign tumor, growth from bone or cartilage, DO NOT EXCISE
48
Who gets subungual exostosis?
femal and kids
49
What do you have to do for subungual exostosis?
x ray
50
What are myxoid/mucous cyst?
benign cysts, arthritis of DIP, nail dystrophy, connected to joint!, high recurrance
51
What are glomus tumor?
painful nail during cold temps, blanch nails see gray pink spot
52
How do you treat glomus tumor?
laser or surgical excision by hand surgery
53
What is onychomatricoma?
longitudinal ridging, curving nail, biopsy nail via window of back nail
54
What is the tetrad of onychomatricoma?
xanthonychia, longitudinal ridging, splinter hemorrhage, overcurvature
55
What is melanonychia?
longitudinal pigmentation of nailbed, dark skinned individuals, psoriasis, HIV, chemo, biopsy it, MEASURE WIDTH 3mm biopsy