Biology Day 8 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Biology Day 8 Deck (26)
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0
Q

Protection from pathogens and particultes

A

in lungs

1
Q

Thermoregulation

A

significant amount of heat is lost to expired air

2
Q

nose hairs and mucous

A

prevent pahtogens from reachign lungs

3
Q

goblet cells

A

secrete mucus lining in the respiratory tract

4
Q

cilia propel

A

mucus and pathogents

5
Q

macrophages in alveoli

A

phagoctose

6
Q

respiratoy system

A

pharynx, larynx, trachea, primary bronchi, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

7
Q

exchange surface

A

bronchioles/alveoli

8
Q

associated muscles, bones, of the thoraci cavity

A

diaphram, abdomianal muscles, intercostals, rib cae

9
Q

alveoli

A

air-filled sacs surrounded by cappliaries, thin walled with huge surface area, cated with surfactant(reduces tention),

10
Q

make up to 95% of alveolar walls and is the site of gas exchange

A

type I alveolar cells

11
Q

secrete surfactant

A

type II alveolar cells

12
Q

inspiration is caused

A

by Contraction of the diaphram

13
Q

the lungs are surrounded by

A

two plueral sacs

14
Q

diaphram is connected

A

to the outer pleural sac

15
Q

expansion of the lungs

A

LOWERS the presssure inside them

16
Q

the diaphram is innervated by

A

the somatic nervous system

17
Q

inspriation cna be

A

voluntary or involuntary

18
Q

expiration

A

passive elastic recoil of the lungs (resiliency)

19
Q

forced expiration involves

A

contraction of the abdominal and intercostal muscles.. noramlly experiation is involuntary

20
Q

Human skin

A

prevent loss of water, impermeable to water

21
Q

Skin, thermoregulation

A

heat retention, heat removal, physical protection, dermal layers,

22
Q

heat retention

A

hairs help with heat retention, errect when cold, hypodermis contains an insulating layer of adiipose tissue to prevent heat loss, vasocontriciton of the suface capillaries in the dermis minimizes heat loss

23
Q

heat removal

A

sweat glands in the dermis release sweat(water and salt), evaporation removes heat, vasodialiation of the suface capliarries in the dermis increases heat loss thorugh the skin,

24
Q

Physical protection,

A

skin protects form pathogens, fingernals and toe nales, made of kertin, protect ends, callus build up protects areas more prone to abrasion

25
Q

dermal layers

A

Epidermis, composed of stratified squamous,
Dermis- composed of loose connective tissue, contains blood vessels, never ending and exocrine glands
Hypodermis- contains adipose tissue for insulation