Flashcards in Cereals Deck (47):
0
What are cereals
They are seeds or grains of edible grass plants
1
What is in the structure of cereal grains
Bran, Endosperm, Germ
2
Describe the bran
It's the outer of the cereals that can be lost during processing
3
What vitamins does the bran contain
Fibre, iron and vitamin b
4
Describe the endosperm
The larger inner part
5
What does the endosperm contain?
Staech and a protein called gluten
6
What is the name of the disease for people who are gluten tolerant
Coeliac disease
7
Describe the germ in the structure of cereal grain
The smaller part in the centre
8
What nutrients does the germ contain?
Protein, fat and vitamin b
9
What is protein used for in cereals?
For growth
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What is fat used for in cereals
A bit if unsaturated fat is used for heat, energy and insulation
11
What is carbohydrates used for in cereals?
The main nutrient, used for heat, energy and digestion
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What does carbohydrates presence form?
They form starch and fibre
13
What is vitamin B used for in cereals?
For healthy nerves and release of energy
14
When is vitamin B present in cereals?
When the cereals are unprocessed
15
What is the use of iron, calcium and phosphorus in cereals?
For healthy blood, bones and teeth
16
How much water is in cereal?
The content is low
17
What percentage of protein is in cereal?
7-15%
18
What is the percentage of fat in cereals?
2-7%
19
What is the percentage of carbohydrates in cereals?
70-77%
20
What percentage of the vitamin b group is in cereals
0.5%
21
What percentage of the minerals calcium and iron in cereal?
1%
22
What percentage of water is in cereal?
12%
36
What is pre cooked rice?
Rice fully cooked and then dehydrated, its quick and easy to cook
37
What happens when cereals are cooked?
Starch becomes more digestable, starch grains swell and burst, the grains absorbs the liquid
38
How is flour made?
By grinding cereals such as wheat, rice, oats, rye and maize
39
What is flour made from in ireland
Wheat
40
What is the function of gluten?
When the flour gets wet the gluten becomes elastic, letting the dough to become very stretchy so it rises well
41
What is wholemeal flour and what does it do?
It contains the whole of the grain and nothing is added or taken away it's used for wholemeal bread, pastry, scones and rolls
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What is brown flour and what is it used for?
Some of the bran and germ was removed during milling and it's used for brown bread, rolls and pastry
43
What is white flour and what is it used for?
The bran and germ is removed
Made up of starchy endosperm
Used make white flour, pastry and cakes
Thickens soups and sauces
44
What is self raising flour and what is it used for?
Brown or white flour with raising agents it's used for bread rolls, cakes and biscuits
45
What is strong flour and what is it used for?
Milled from spring wheat and has high gluten content and is used for making yeast bread and some pastries
46
What is gluten free flour?
No gluten in it and is used to make bread and biscuits for coeliacs
57
Name two products made of the cereal wheat?
Wholemeal flour, bread
58
What is short grain rice?
Short rice that is used in rice pudding and other sweet rice dishes
59
What is brown rice?
Long grain rice which contains some bran layer it has a nutty flavour and a chewy texture it takes longer to cook than white rice
60
Name two products made of rice?
Rice krispie, rice cakes
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Name two products thatare made of maize?
Tortilla and sweetcorn
62
Name two products that are made of barley?
Beer, whiskey
63
Name two products that are made of rye?
Rye flour and rye whiskey
64
Name two products that are made of oats?
Muesli, porridge
65
Describe how pasta is made?
Pasta is made of durum wheat, grounded with semolina then mixed with water, the colours can vary by using egg, tomatoes, spinach or wholemeal semolina
66
When and where was rice discovered?
In the far east nearly 5,000 yes
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Where is rice the most important staple food?
In latin america, west indies, asia and the middle east
68
What is long grain rice and what dishes is it used for?
Used in savoury dishes such as stew, curry it can also be called patna carolina and basmati
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