Flashcards in Chapter 17 Deck (77)
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1
Explain the law of thermodynamics
Clients wanting to lose weight must burn more than they consume.
Clients wanting to gain must consume more than they burn
Clients wanting to stay the same need to consume the same amt of calories they burn off
2
PT scope of practice when it comes to nutrition
Refer clients w/ health issues to physicians
No written diets
Can provide:
food prep
Healthy snacks
statistical data
vit and min as essential nutrients
Food guidance systems (My plate)
Carb protein and fat basics
nutrients contained in food or supps
Importance of water and hydration status
3
Unit of expression of energy equal to 1,000 calorie
Amount of heat energy required to raise the temp of 1 kilogram or liter of water 1 degrees Celsius
Kilocalorie
4
Calories tell us what?
How much energy is contained in food
5
Calorie of Carbs, Fats, Protein, and Alcohol
4,9,4,7
6
Amount of energy spent on average, in a typical day
TEE
7
TEE Total Ennergy expenditure is found by including these 3 things
RMR
TEF
Physical activity
8
Amount of energy expended at rest; account for 70%
RMR
9
Amnt of energy expended above RMR as a result of the processing of food for storage or use
Thermic effect of Food (TEF)
10
How much does TEF account for
6-10%
11
Amount of energy expended above RMR and TEF
Physical activity
12
How much does physical activity account for in a sedentary person
20%
13
Factors that affect RMR
Age, sex, genes, body comp, meds, smoking, etc
14
Builds and repairs body tissue
Protein
15
What are proteins made up of
Amino Acides
16
How many essential and non essential amino acids
20 total
8 essential
17
Explain diff b/w essential and non essential acid
Essential: must get from our diet
Non essential: Can make within body
18
Protein has to be broken down into what before it can be absorbed. Explain the process
Amino Acids
Protein via mouth
Stomach:Protein is denatured (broken down) into smaller peptide chains
Intestines: Break peptides into amino acids that can be absorbed in to the bloodstream, (TRI, DIP AMINO)
Bloodstream: body uses the amino acids to build muscle , convert into energy if needed (Gluconeogenesis), or if excess of calories will be stored as fat.
19
Protein sources come in two forms
Complete and Incomplete
20
Define and give an example of a complete protein
Contains all essential amino acids, Meats and diary products
21
Define and give example of an incomplete protein
Low or lacking essential amino acids. Peanut butter
22
What is the limiting factor
Amino acid missing in the smallest amounts. Lac
23
Food lacking amino acid that is not combined with a source high enough in the missing amino acid
the body will only be able to synthesize protein until the limiting amino acid runs out
24
Requirements for protein increase when
Exercise and when overall energy intake (calories) decrease. This way it will be used as energy
25
Excess calories protein will be stored as what
fat
26
Adequate carb levels spare protein for
tissue building and repair
27
What % of protein should account for overall calories
10-35%
28
What else does protein provide, especially in a deficit
satiety
29
Very high protein about 35% is not recommend, what are the reason
higher intake of saturated fat
low fiber intake
decreased glyocogen stores
increased urea production
Dehydration
30
