Chapter 19

Question 0

Urgent messages flew across

Answer 0

telegraph wires

Question 1

New Inventions

Answer 1

drug that prevents pain during surgery, sweing machine, measure of the speed of light, and antiseptic methods to reduce risk of woen dying in childbirth

Question 2

they built earthen walls known as dikes to reclaim lad from the sea

Answer 2

Dutch

Question 3

Some farmers did what to get more crops

Answer 3

mixed different kinds of soils to get higher crop yields (more crops)

Question 4

invented a seed drill that helped farmers deposit seeds in rows rather then scattering them wastefully over the land

Answer 4

Jethro Tull

Question 5

The process of taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers

Answer 5

enclosures

Question 6

had developed a steam engine powered by coal to pump water out of the mines

Answer 6

Thomas Newcomen

Question 7

Looked at Newcomen invention in 1764 and set out to make improvements on the engine in order to make it more efficient

Answer 7

James Watt

Question 8

Separate iron from its ore

Answer 8

smelt iron

Question 9

was britians communication and transportation cheap?

Answer 9

yes due to the accessible to water

Question 10

had a stable government

Answer 10

britian

Question 11

boosted demands for goods

Answer 11

Ready Workface

Question 12

Which is money used to invest in enterpress

Answer 12

capital

Question 13

is a business organization in an area such as shipping, mining, railroads or factories

Answer 13

enterprise

Question 14

People who managed and assumed the financial risks of starting new business

Answer 14

entrepreneurs

Question 15

Also known as cottage industry, in which raw cotton was distributed to peasant families who spun it into thread then wove the thread into cloth in their own homes

Answer 15

putting-out-system

Question 16

created cotton gin

Answer 16

Eli Whitney

Question 17

Which could deseed cotton (something that previously time consuming because it was done by hand)

Answer 17

cotton gin

Question 18

Were private roads built by entrepreneurs who would change travelers a toll or fee (to use them)

Answer 18

turnpikes

Question 19

the worlds first major line went from

Answer 19

liverpool to manchester

Question 20

whose members came from a variety of backgrounds

Answer 20

bourgeoisie

Question 21

the wealth and the middle class lived where

Answer 21

in pleasant neighborhoods

Question 22

where did the poor live

Answer 22

foul-smelling slums

Question 23

Or multi-story buildings which were divided into apartments. These tenements had no running water with only community pumps

Answer 23

tenements

Question 24

Or workers, organizations were illegal at this time, secret Unions did exist among frustrated British workers

Answer 24

labor union

Question 25

was a movement that was influenced by the Industrial Revolution as people moved to cities and lost connections with their old churches

Answer 25

methodism

Question 26

had founded Methodist movement in the mid-1700s. he stressed the need for a personal sense of faith and encouraged his followers to improve themselves by adopting sober moral ways

Answer 26

John Wesley

Question 27

set up sunday schools, which not only taught people about the bible but also taught them how to read the bible

Answer 27

preachers

Question 28

worked hard but their wrk varied according to the seasons. life was also had from the,, but at least they worked at their own pace

Answer 28

rural village people

Question 29

Saw the effects of the population explosion: crowded slums, hungry families, unemployments and widespread misery

Answer 29

thomas malthus

Question 30

wrote the wealth of nations-in his work he asserted that a free market should consist of unregulated exchange of good and services. that would come to help everybody

Answer 30

Adam Smith

Question 31

advocated utilitarianism

Answer 31

jeremy betham

Question 32

Which was the idea that the great society should be “the greatest happiness for the greatest number of its citizens

Answer 32

utilitarianism

Question 33

is the people as a whole rather then private individuals would own and operate the means of production-such as farms, factories, railways, and other large businesses that produced and distributed goods

Answer 33

socialism

Question 34

early socialist tried to create societies based on this idea they were called

Answer 34

Utopians

Question 35

And even set up a model community in New Lanark, Scotland, (trying to put his ideas into practice)

Answer 35

Robert Owen

Question 36

formulated a new theory called “scientific socialism”-which he claimed was a scientific study of history. he teamed up with another german socialist, Friedrich Engel and together they wrote the pamphlet the communist manifesto (published in 1848)

Answer 36

Karl Max

Question 37

became known to refer to a system in which governments led by a small elite controlled all economic and political life

Answer 37

communism

Question 38

A political ideology in which there is a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism instead of a sudden violence overthrow of the system

Answer 38

social democracy

Question 39

had always owned the means of production and thus controlled society and all it wealth

Answer 39

haves

Question 40

were the proletariat-working class

Answer 40

have-nots