What are the 2 categories of the causes of collapse, give examples of each
Natural: Hurricane, Earthquake, lightning, flooding, subsidence
Human : Renovation, Accidental impact, Terrorist induced ( airplane crash, vehicle crash)
Accidental gas explosion
Often without warning-> trapped casualties
What are the 2 types of building in terms of collapse and how do they differ under causes of collapse.
Framed: steel/ reinforced concrete skeleton supports the load of building. Collapse usually isolated/ localised. Less likely than unframed
Unframed: eg traditional British house. Walls carry the load. Can lead to total collapse with large area of debris
Collapse type can be categorised as INTERNAL, EXTERNAL, TOTAL.
What types of internal collapse are there.
Pancake
Lean-to
āVā
Tent
Collapse type can be categorised as INTERNAL, EXTERNAL, TOTAL.
List types of External collapse
- 90ā angle collapse ( most dangerous of external collapse because wall collapses to a distance at least= to its height)
- Curtain fall collapse
- Inward/outward collapse
What is total collapse
All floors have fallen to ground/ basement level and all walls have collapsed on to the floors
USAR capability consists of 5 modules, what are they
Module 1= Structural collapse Module 2= major transport Module 3= breaching & breaking Module 4 = multi purpose vehicle (MPV) Module 5= Timber
What are the 6 stages of rescue.
R recon and survey E eliminate utilities P primary surface search/rescue E exploration of voids, cavities A access by selective debris removal T terminate by general debris removal.
NGOs May offer their services at collapsed structure incidents. What actions to be taken if this happens.
Offers to be referred to OOD, via London Operations Centre (LOC) who will refer the offer to the duty AC. NGOs should not take any role unless approved by duty AC.
