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MR Specialist Cert > Commonly used adjectives, prefixes, suffixes > Flashcards

Commonly used adjectives, prefixes, suffixes Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the prefix ‘a-‘ signify?

A

no, not, without, away from

Commonly used in medical terminology to indicate negation.

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2
Q

What does ‘ab-‘ mean?

A

away from, negative or absent

Often used in anatomical terms.

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3
Q

Define ‘abdominal’.

A

relating to the abdomen

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4
Q

What does ‘abdominocardiac’ refer to?

A

relating to abdomen and heart

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5
Q

What is the meaning of ‘acoustic’?

A

relating to hearing or the sense or organs of hearing

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: ‘_________ refers to the tip or extremity (hands and feet)’.

A

acr(o)-

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7
Q

What does ‘adipose’ mean?

A

consisting of fat; fat

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8
Q

Define ‘adrenal’.

A

relating to the adrenal gland

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9
Q

What does ‘anemia’ relate to?

A

suffering from anemia

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10
Q

True or False: ‘ante-‘ means behind.

A

False

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11
Q

What does ‘anti-‘ signify?

A

counteracting, effective against, opposing, or opposite

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12
Q

Define ‘auditory’.

A

relating to hearing or the sense or organs of hearing

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13
Q

What does ‘autoimmune’ mean?

A

relating to autoimmunity

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: ‘The prefix _______ means together or with’.

A

co-

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15
Q

What does ‘chronic’ refer to?

A

persisting for a long time or constantly recurring

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16
Q

What does ‘cephal(o)-‘ refer to?

A

head

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17
Q

Define ‘cerebral’.

A

relating to the cerebrum

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18
Q

What does ‘cervical’ relate to?

A

a neck or cervix

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19
Q

True or False: ‘bacteri(o)-‘ relates to viruses.

A

False

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20
Q

What does ‘cardiac’ refer to?

A

relating to the heart

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: ‘_________ means relating to the wrist’.

A

carpal

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22
Q

What does ‘chondr(o)-‘ refer to?

A

cartilage

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23
Q

Define ‘cellular’.

A

relating to or consisting of cells

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24
Q

What does ‘contra-‘ mean?

A

against or opposite

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25
Fill in the blank: '_________ refers to the gallbladder'.
cholecyst(o)-
26
What does 'chronic' imply in medical terms?
long-lasting or recurrent
27
Define 'circulatory'.
relating to the circulation
28
What does 'auricular' relate to?
an auricle or to the ear
29
True or False: 'anorexia' means increased appetite.
False
30
What does 'abdominovesical' refer to?
relating to abdomen and urinary bladder
31
Fill in the blank: '_________ means relating to the aorta'.
aort(o)-
32
Define 'acute'.
of abrupt onset; rapidly progressive
33
What does 'acinar' refer to?
relating to or affecting an acinus; berry-shaped
34
What does 'alkalotic' mean?
affected, characterized, or caused by alkalosis
35
Fill in the blank: '_________ relates to the appendix'.
append(o)-
36
What does 'bacteriogenic' signify?
relating to or caused by bacteria
37
What does the prefix 'ctal' refer to?
Referring to the colon ## Footnote 'ctal' is derived from 'colonic' terminology.
38
What does 'colovesical' mean?
Relating to the colon and urinary bladder ## Footnote This term is used in medical contexts to describe conditions involving both organs.
39
What does the prefix 'com-' or 'con-' indicate?
Together or with ## Footnote These prefixes are commonly used in medical terms to signify union or combination.
40
Define the term 'condylar'.
Relating to a condyle ## Footnote Condyles are rounded ends of bones that articulate with other bones.
41
What does 'congestive' refer to?
Produced by or involving congestion ## Footnote Congestive conditions often relate to the accumulation of fluids.
42
What does 'coracoacromial' signify?
Relating to coracoid process and acromion ## Footnote This term is used in anatomy to describe a ligament or relationship between these structures.
43
What is the meaning of 'cord(o)-'?
Referring to the spinal cord ## Footnote This prefix is often used in terms related to the spinal cord.
44
What does 'corneal' relate to?
Relating to the cornea ## Footnote The cornea is the clear front part of the eye.
45
Fill in the blank: '_______ refers to the outer region of an organ or structure.'
[cortex or cortical]
46
What does 'corticoadrenal' refer to?
Relating to or arising from the adrenal cortex ## Footnote This term is often used in discussions of adrenal function and hormones.
47
Define 'costal'.
Relating to rib(s), belonging to the ribs ## Footnote This term is important in anatomy and physiology related to the rib cage.
48
What does 'crani(o)-' refer to?
Referring to the skull (cranium) ## Footnote This prefix is used in various medical terms concerning the head.
49
What does 'diabetic' signify?
Relating to or associated with diabetes ## Footnote This term is commonly used in medical contexts to describe conditions or patients with diabetes.
50
What is the meaning of '-ectomy'?
Surgical removal, excision or cutting out ## Footnote This suffix is frequently found in surgical terminology.
51
True or False: The prefix 'dys-' indicates a normal condition.
False ## Footnote 'Dys-' typically indicates difficulty or disorder.
52
What does 'embryonic' refer to?
Relating to an/the embryo ## Footnote This term is used in developmental biology and medicine.
53
Fill in the blank: '_______ refers to the process of producing a picture or recording.'
[-graph or -graphy]
54
What does 'genit(o)-' signify?
Referring to reproductive organs (genitals) or birth ## Footnote This prefix is significant in obstetrics and gynecology.
55
What does 'hem(o)-' refer to?
Relating to blood ## Footnote This prefix is used in many medical terms related to blood and its components.
56
What is the meaning of 'inguinal'?
Relating to the groin ## Footnote Inguinal regions are clinically significant in surgeries and hernias.
57
What does 'neurologic' refer to?
Relating to the nervous system ## Footnote This term is often used in the context of diseases and disorders affecting the nervous system.
58
True or False: 'Tachy-' indicates a slower than normal heart rate.
False ## Footnote 'Tachy-' indicates a fast heart rate.
59
What does 'vas(o)-' refer to?
Relating to a vessel ## Footnote This term is often used in discussions about blood vessels.
60
What does 'xanth(o)-' mean?
Yellow ## Footnote This prefix is often used in describing conditions or substances that are yellow.
61
What does 'ural' refer to?
Relating to the urinary tract ## Footnote Commonly associated with terms like renal.
62
Define 'hepatopneumonic'.
Relating to the liver and lungs ## Footnote Often used in medical contexts involving liver and respiratory conditions.
63
What does 'hepatopulmonary' signify?
Relating to the liver and lung(s) ## Footnote Important in discussions about liver-related respiratory issues.
64
What does 'hereditary' mean?
Determined by genetic factors, congenital, inborn, inherited, innate ## Footnote Often used in genetics and medicine.
65
What does 'hernio-' indicate?
Referring to a hernia ## Footnote Commonly used in medical terminology related to hernias.
66
Define 'heterotopic'.
Relating to ectopia, arising from a different location than normal ## Footnote Used in anatomy and pathology.
67
What does 'hidr(o)-' refer to?
Sweat ## Footnote Commonly seen in terms related to sweating and sweat glands.
68
What does 'granules or grains' relate to?
Relating to granules or grains ## Footnote Often found in histology and microbiology.
69
What is the meaning of 'hematology'?
Relating to blood ## Footnote A medical specialty focused on blood and blood disorders.
70
Fill in the blank: '______ refers to the study of blood.'
[hematology]
71
What does 'hypo-' indicate?
Below, less than normal, or insufficient ## Footnote Commonly used in medical terms to denote deficiency.
72
Define 'hyper-'.
Above, beyond, more than normal, or excessive ## Footnote Often used in medical terminology to indicate excess.
73
What does 'idiopathic' mean?
Relating to or denoting any disease or condition that arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown ## Footnote Commonly used in clinical settings.
74
What does 'immun(o)-' refer to?
Immune system ## Footnote Important in discussions about immunity and immunology.
75
What does 'intra-' mean?
Within, into, or during ## Footnote Often used in anatomical terms.
76
What does 'ischemic' refer to?
Relating to or associated with ischemia ## Footnote Important in cardiovascular and neurological contexts.
77
What is the meaning of 'macro-'?
Large, or of abnormal size or length ## Footnote Often used in contrast to 'micro-' in medical terminology.
78
What does 'my(o)-' indicate?
Muscle (tissue) ## Footnote Commonly used in terms related to muscles.
79
Fill in the blank: '______ refers to the study of the nervous system.'
[neurology]
80
What does 'nephro-' refer to?
Kidney ## Footnote Important in nephrology and related medical fields.
81
Define 'nauseous'.
Affected with nausea; inclined to vomit, queasy ## Footnote Often used in clinical settings to describe symptoms.
82
What does 'obstetr(i)-' relate to?
Obstetrics; the field of medicine dealing with childbirth ## Footnote Focuses on pregnancy and childbirth.
83
What does 'ven(o)-' indicate?
Relating to veins ## Footnote Important in discussions about venous circulation.
84
What does 'men(o)-' refer to?
Menstruation or menses ## Footnote Commonly used in gynecology.
85
What does 'mal-' signify?
Bad, poor, or evil ## Footnote Often used in medical terminology to describe conditions.
86
What does 'muc(o)-' mean?
Mucus or a mucous membrane ## Footnote Relevant in respiratory and digestive contexts.
87
What does 'necro-' refer to?
Death, dead body, cells, or tissue ## Footnote Important in pathology.
88
What does 'spleen' relate to?
Relating to the spleen ## Footnote Important in discussions about the lymphatic system.
89
What does 'lipid(o)-' indicate?
Fat or lipid ## Footnote Used in discussions about metabolism and nutrition.
90
What does 'thorac(o)-' mean?
Relating to the chest ## Footnote Commonly used in anatomy and surgery.
91
Fill in the blank: '______ refers to the study of the lungs.'
[pulmonology]
92
What does 'lumb(o)-' signify?
Lower back or loin ## Footnote Important in discussions about spinal health.
93
What does 'muscl(e)-' refer to?
Muscle(s) ## Footnote Fundamental in anatomy and physiology.
94
What does 'neural' relate to?
Relating to nerves or the nervous system ## Footnote Important in neurology.
95
What does 'ventr(o)-' mean?
Relating to the abdomen or belly ## Footnote Used in anatomical terminology.
96
What does 'lact(o)-' refer to?
Milk ## Footnote Commonly used in discussions about nutrition.
97
What does 'opt(o)-' indicate?
Relating to vision or the eye ## Footnote Found in ophthalmology.
98
What does 'nephric' relate to?
Kidney ## Footnote 'Nephric' is derived from 'nephrology', the study of kidneys.
99
The term 'neurology' refers to which system?
Nervous system ## Footnote Neurology is the branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the nervous system.
100
What does 'pathogenic' mean?
Causing disease ## Footnote 'Pathogenic' refers to organisms or agents that can cause disease.
101
Fill in the blank: '________' means relating to the eye.
Ophthalmologic
102
What does 'osteogenic' refer to?
Relating to bone formation ## Footnote Osteogenesis is the process of bone formation.
103
What does 'perinatal' describe?
Period from about five months before birth to one month after birth ## Footnote This term is often used in discussions of prenatal and postnatal care.
104
True or False: 'Oligo-' means many or much.
False ## Footnote 'Oligo-' refers to few or a deficiency.
105
What does 'pneumonic' relate to?
Lungs ## Footnote Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs, often caused by an infection.
106
Fill in the blank: '________' refers to the study of or science of.
-ology
107
What does 'pleural' refer to?
Relating to the pleura ## Footnote The pleura are the membranes surrounding the lungs.
108
What does 'psych(o)-' signify?
Mind ## Footnote This prefix is used in terms related to psychology and mental health.
109
What does 'renal' pertain to?
Kidney ## Footnote This term is commonly used in medical contexts related to kidney function or disease.
110
True or False: 'Postmortem' refers to events occurring before death.
False ## Footnote 'Postmortem' specifically refers to after death.
111
Fill in the blank: '________' relates to the back of the neck.
Nape
112
What does 'pediatric' relate to?
Child or childhood ## Footnote Pediatric medicine focuses on the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents.
113
What does 'psychotic' imply?
Relating to severe mental disorder ## Footnote Psychosis is a mental health condition that affects the way a person thinks, feels, and behaves.
114
Fill in the blank: '________' refers to surgical repair.
-plasty
115
What does 'surgical incision' refer to?
-otomy ## Footnote This suffix is commonly used in surgical terminology.
116
What does 'osteoporotic' mean?
Affected by osteoporosis ## Footnote Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones.
117
Fill in the blank: '________' describes the condition of having a deficiency or lack of something.
-penia
118
What does 'pneumat(o)-' relate to?
Air or gas ## Footnote This prefix is often associated with respiratory conditions.
119
What does 'phobia' mean?
Fear ## Footnote Phobias are irrational fears of specific objects or situations.
120
Fill in the blank: '________' refers to the study of diseases.
Pathology
121
What does 'pulmonary' refer to?
Relating to the lungs ## Footnote This term is frequently used in discussions about respiratory health.
122
What does 'sweating or sweat' relate to?
Perspir(o)- ## Footnote This root is used in terms related to the sweat glands and perspiration.
123
Fill in the blank: '________' relates to the stomach and lung(s).
Pneumogastric
124
What does 'um' refer to in medical terminology?
Uterus
125
What does 'sacr(o)-' refer to?
Relating to the sacrum
126
What does 'saliv(o)-' refer to?
Saliva or salivary glands
127
What is the meaning of 'septic'?
Infected with bacteria; containing or involving pus
128
Define 'splanchn(o)-'.
Viscera or the splanchnic nerve
129
What does 'soma-, somat(o)-' mean?
Body
130
What does 'spin(o)-' refer to?
Spine or spinal column
131
What does '-stasis' denote?
The control or maintenance of a constant level
132
What does 'sudor(i)-' refer to?
Sweat
133
What does 'tachy-' mean?
Swift or rapid
134
Fill in the blank: '______' refers to the process of cutting.
[key learning term: -tomy]
135
What does 'trache(o)-' refer to?
Trachea
136
What does 'urethr(o)-' refer to?
Urethra
137
Define 'ven(o)-'.
Relating to veins
138
What does 'ventr(o)-' mean?
Belly or frontal side of the body
139
What does 'vesic(o)-' refer to?
Bladder
140
What does 'thorac(o)-' refer to?
Thorax or chest
141
What does 'thym(o)-' refer to?
Thymus
142
What does 'ur(o)-' refer to?
Urine or the urinary tract
143
What does 'vag(o)-' refer to?
Sheath or the vagina
144
What does 'venul(o)-' refer to?
Small vein
145
What does 'vessel' refer to in medical terminology?
Relating to (blood) vessels
146
What is the meaning of 'steth(o)-'?
Chest
147
Fill in the blank: '______' refers to a tube.
[key learning term: tub(o)-]
148
What does 'tetra-' mean?
Four
149
What does 'sin(o)-' refer to?
Sinus
150
What does 'scapul(o)-' refer to?
Shoulder blade (scapula)
151
What does 'tendin(o)-' refer to?
Tendon
152
What does 'thalam(o)-' refer to?
Thalamus
153
What does 'trich(o)-' refer to?
Hair
154
What does 'tox(o)-' mean?
Poisonous
155
True or False: 'sphygm(o)-' refers to pulse.
True
156
What does 'ulcer(o)-' mean?
Ulcer or ulceration
157
What does 'ventricul(o)-' refer to?
Ventricle
158
What does 'ureter(o)-' refer to?
Ureter(s)
159
Define 'sympath(o)-'.
Relating to sympathetic nervous system
160
What does 'seb(o)-' refer to?
Oil or fat
161
What does 'scler(o)-' refer to?
Hardening of tissue
162
What does 'sarc(o)-' mean?
Muscle or flesh
163
What does 'uric(o)-' refer to?
Uric acid
164
What does 'sial(o)-' refer to?
Saliva or salivary glands
165
What does 'surgical' refer to?
Relating to surgery
166
What does 'trophic' refer to?
Development or nourishment
167
What does 'therm(o)-' mean?
Heat
168
Fill in the blank: '______' refers to the iris, choroid, or ciliary body.
[key learning term: uve(o)-]
169
What is the term for a small vein?
venule ## Footnote A venule is a small blood vessel that allows deoxygenated blood to return from the capillaries to the larger veins.
170
Define 'visceral'.
relating to internal organs (viscera) ## Footnote The term 'visceral' often pertains to the organs within the main cavities of the body, especially those within the abdominal cavity.
171
What does 'viral' refer to?
relating to or caused by viruses ## Footnote Viruses are microscopic infectious agents that can only replicate inside the living cells of an organism.
172
What is the meaning of 'xiphoid'?
relating to the xiphoid process; sword-shaped ## Footnote The xiphoid process is the cartilaginous lower part of the sternum, which can become ossified in adulthood.
173
Fill in the blank: Vesicoureteric relates to urinary bladder and _______.
ureter(s)
174
What does 'viscerocardiac' refer to?
relating to viscera and heart ## Footnote This term connects the internal organs with the cardiovascular system.
175
What does the prefix 'vir(o)-' signify?
virus or a poison
176
What is meant by 'vesicovaginal'?
relating to urinary bladder and vagina ## Footnote This term is often used in medical contexts to describe conditions or surgical procedures involving both the bladder and the vagina.
177
True or False: 'xanth(o)-' refers to the color yellow.
True
178
What is the term for 'seeing or sight'?
visual ## Footnote This term relates to the ability to see and is often used in contexts concerning optics and vision.
179
Define 'vulv(o)-'.
relating to vulva
180
Fill in the blank: 'xer(o)-' refers to _______.
dry
181
What does 'vesicul(o)-' signify?
small bladder, blister or the seminal vesicle
182
What does 'zo(o)-' refer to?
animal life
183
What does 'xiphocostal' refer to?
relating to xiphoid process and ribs
184
Define 'vestibule'.
a structure that serves as an entrance or passage
185
What does 'cheek bone' refer to?
zygomatic bone
186
Fill in the blank: 'vit(o)-' refers to _______.
life
187
What does 'viti(o)-' mean?
blemish or defect
188
What is 'visceropleural'?
relating to viscera and pleura
189
What does 'vestibul(o)-' signify?
relating to the vestibule
190
What is 'ureter(s)'?
tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
191
What is the significance of 'vesicourethral'?
relating to urinary bladder and urethra
192
What does 'vir(o)-' indicate?
virus or a poison
193
True or False: 'xen(o)-' refers to something familiar or local.
False

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