Module 5 AI cards Flashcards by L Garcia

What is the primary function of skin?

Forms the first line of defense for the immune system, waterproofs the body, and is a major receptor for sense of touch.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What do sebaceous glands secrete?

Oil (sebum) to lubricate the skin and prevent growth of bacteria.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of sweat glands?

Secrete sweat to regulate body temperature and water content, and excrete some wastes from metabolism.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the major structures of the integumentary system?

Skin
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands
Hair
Nails

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the combining form for skin?

cutane(o)-, dermat(o)-, derm(o)-

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the combining form for sweat?

hidr(o)-

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is alopecia?

Partial or complete loss of hair.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does cryosurgery involve?

Surgery that uses liquid nitrogen to freeze some skin tissue.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the largest bodily organ?

Skin.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the primary functions of the skin?

Immune defense
Barrier for fluid loss and waterproofing
Sensation for temperature, touch, and pain
Vitamin D production

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the epidermis?

The outermost layer of the skin formed from flat, scaly cells.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are melanocytes responsible for?

Producing a color pigment (melanin) that determines skin color.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is keratin?

A fibrous, water-repellent protein found in the epidermis.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the dermis composed of?

Connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers
Blood and lymph vessels
Nerve endings
Hair follicles
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is collagen?

The most common protein of the human body that provides tensile strength to the skin.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the subcutaneous layer also known as?

Hypodermis.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What do sebaceous glands produce?

Sebum.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is hidrosis?

The production and excretion of sweat.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of hair?

Alerts to the presence of insects, guards against physical trauma, heat loss, and excess sunlight.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the lunula?

The half-moon shaped area of the nail over the nail root.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is dermatitis?

Inflammation of the skin characterized by redness, swelling, and itching.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is erythema?

Redness of the skin caused by dilation and leaking of capillaries.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the four types of skin infections?

Bacterial infections
Viral infections
Fungal infections
Parasitic infections

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is cellulitis?

A bacterial infection just below the skin characterized by erythema, swelling, warmth, and pain.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is impetigo?

A bacterial skin infection characterized by pustules that become crusted and rupture.

What is herpes simplex virus known for?

Causing cold sores or fever blisters.

True or False: The skin is the first line of defense against invaders.

True.

Fill in the blank: The skin provides a barrier for _______ loss.

fluid

What is the function of the arrector pili?

Respond to cold or fright by giving us goose bumps.

What is keloid?

An abnormally raised or thickened scar that expands beyond the boundaries of the incision.

What is the primary function of nails?

Protect the last bone of each finger and toe.

What are carotenes?

Yellow to orange-colored fat-soluble pigments stored in the skin.

What condition is characterized by excessive dryness of the skin?

Xeroderma.

What is the medical term for itching?

Pruritus.

What is putrefication?

Decay of organic matter ## Footnote Often associated with the breakdown of tissues.

What virus causes ulcers or sores in the mouth or genital area?

Herpes simplex virus ## Footnote Sores are painful and can remain dormant.

What is herpes zoster also known as?

Shingles ## Footnote Characterized by painful skin eruptions following inflamed nerves.

What virus is reactivated to cause shingles?

Varicella zoster virus ## Footnote This is the same virus that causes chickenpox.

What are verrucae commonly known as?

Warts ## Footnote Caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infecting keratinocytes.

What is tinea also known as?

Ringworm ## Footnote A fungal infection that spreads in a ring-like fashion.

What is pediculosis commonly known as?

Lice ## Footnote Lice can live in the skin, most commonly on the head.

What autoimmune disease is characterized by a butterfly-shaped rash?

Lupus erythematosus ## Footnote Affects many tissues, especially joints and kidneys.

What skin condition is characterized by raised, red plaques with silvery scales?

Psoriasis ## Footnote Often affects elbows, knees, or the scalp.

What is scleroderma?

A condition that causes hardening of connective tissue ## Footnote Skin becomes hard and tight.

What is acne vulgaris commonly known as?

Acne ## Footnote Caused by overproduction of sebum and characterized by pustular breakouts.

What is seborrheic dermatitis also known as?

Dandruff ## Footnote Causes scaling and itching, often in the scalp.

What is diaphoresis?

Profuse sweating ## Footnote Can be triggered by heat or illness.

What is sleep hyperhidrosis?

Excessive sweating during sleep ## Footnote May be due to menopause, medications, or diseases.

What is folliculitis?

Inflammation of hair follicles ## Footnote Common in the beard area of men.

What is hirsutism?

Excessive hair growth in women ## Footnote Typically caused by hormonal imbalance.

What is alopecia commonly known as?

Baldness ## Footnote Can be partial or complete loss of hair.

What is koilonychia also known as?

Spoon nail ## Footnote A malformation where the nail is concave.

What condition is characterized by a lack of melanin production?

Albinism ## Footnote Results in a lack of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes.

What skin condition is marked by destruction of melanocytes?

Vitiligo ## Footnote Characterized by irregular white patches of skin.

What type of burn is classified as a first degree burn?

Superficial burn ## Footnote Affects only the uppermost layer (epidermis).

What is a second degree burn also known as?

Partial thickness burn ## Footnote Affects the epidermis and upper part of the dermis.

What is a third degree burn classified as?

Full thickness burn ## Footnote Affects the epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and possibly deeper tissues.

What is the Rule of Nines used for?

Estimating fluid loss in burns ## Footnote Body divided into areas for percentage calculation.

What is the most common type of skin cancer?

Basal cell carcinoma ## Footnote Least malignant and can be cured 99% of the time.

What is squamous cell carcinoma?

Second most common skin cancer ## Footnote Tends to grow rapidly and can spread if not removed.

What is malignant melanoma?

Most dangerous skin cancer ## Footnote Highly metastatic and can spread to internal organs.

What does the ABCDE mnemonic help identify?

Risk factors for recognizing melanoma ## Footnote Stands for Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving.

What is a biopsy?

Removal of a small piece of living tissue ## Footnote Examined by a pathologist for diagnosis.

What are topical medications?

Creams, gels, and ointments applied to the skin ## Footnote Used for various skin conditions.

What is Mohs surgery?

Technique for treating skin cancer ## Footnote Involves removing cancer layer by layer.