Dialysis

Question 1

What are the 2 types of dialysis

Answer 1

Hemodialysis
Peritoneal dialysis

Question 2

What is the purpose of hemodialysis

Answer 2

Removes nitrogenous waste products, excess fluid and electrolytes from the blood by means of an artificial kidney

Question 3

What the two typos of hemodialysis accesses available

Answer 3

Grafts and shunts

Question 4

Hemodialysis access grafts purpose

Answer 4

To connect the patients blloodstream to the dialysis machine

Question 5

Hemodialysis access grafts what is it

Answer 5

Synthetic tube that is surgically placed under the skin, connecting an artery to a vein
Will be written as AV graft

Question 6

Hemodialysis access grafts How soon can it be used

Answer 6

3 to 6 weeks

Question 7

Hemodialysis access grafts how long does it last

Answer 7

About 2 to 3 years

Question 8

Hemodialysis access grafts nursing interventions

Answer 8

Need a needle to access graft
Should wear surgical mask during connect and disconnect procedures (patient and nurse) and wear gloves

Question 9

Hemodialysis access grafts rule of six fistula

Answer 9

Flow greater than -600 ml/min
diameter at least -0.6
no more than 0.6 cm deep

Question 10

Hemodialysis shunts what is the purpose

Answer 10

To connect the patient’s bloodstream to the dialysis machine

Question 11

Hemodialysis shunts what is it

Answer 11

Fistula - surgical connection of an artery and a vein in the arm, creating a natural access site. It is made of the patient own tissue

Question 12

Hemodialysis shunts how soon can it be used

Answer 12

1 to 4 months

Question 13

Hemodialysis shunts how long does it last

Answer 13

Gold Standard
10 years or more

Question 14

Hemodialysis shunts nursing interventions

Answer 14

Listen for blood flowing - Bruit - means working

Feel vibration - thrill - means working

Needles required to access the av fistula should wear mask and gloves during connection and disconnection

Question 15

What last longer a shunt or graft

Answer 15

Shunt/fistula

Question 16

which is prone to blood clots - shunt or graft

Answer 16

graft

Question 17

MORE prone to infection -shunt or graft

Answer 17

graft

Question 18

Signs of infection of hemodialysis access

Answer 18

Red
Swelling
Drainage

Question 19

How long does it take to complete dialysis

Answer 19

3 to 5 hours

Question 20

What is the purpose of peritoneal dialysis

Answer 20

Removes nitrogenous waste products, excess fluid and electrolytes from the blood by means of peritoneal membrane

Question 21

Peritoneal dialysis - what is the purpose

Answer 21

catheter which uses the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) and a dialysate solution to clean the blood

Question 22

Peritoneal dialysis - what is it

Answer 22

flexible hollow tube about the size of a straw that is surgically placed in the abdomen

Question 23

Peritoneal dialysis - how soon can it be used for dialysis

Answer 23

Immediately but best to wait 10 to 14 days to fully heal

Question 24

Peritoneal dialysis - how long does it last

Answer 24

many years

Question 25

Peritoneal dialysis - nursing interventions

Answer 25

Good hand hygiene avoid tight clothes inspect daily for infection Solution stays in the abdomen for 4 to 5 hours - "Dwell" time

Question 26

Adavantages of PD (peritoneal dialysis)

Answer 26

Can be done at home, quicker.

Question 27

Does blood leave the body during PD

Answer 27

No

Question 28

During PD can the patient move?

Answer 28

Yes free to move around and go about activities

Question 29

How long does the dwell time last for PD

Answer 29

4 to 6 hours the exchange of fluids about 30 to 50 minutes

Question 30

what is the name of the infection that can develop in the abdomen as a result of PD?

Answer 30

Peritonitis

Question 31

What are the clinical signs of peritonitis

Answer 31

Swollen/distended belly Pain and tender belly Drain fluid cloudy Exit site red or has pus Fever/N/V

Question 32

How do you treat peritonitis

Answer 32

Antibiotics