How is LMWH monitored?
monitoring is not needed
The fibrinolytic drugs end in -_____.
-teplase
How does heparin work?
binds ATIII to inactivate IIa and Xa
What is the antidote for Warfarin?
vitamin K
_____ is Beta-1 selective.
Metoprolol
You would not add a beta-blocker to pts already on ____.
a Ca++ blocker (Verapamil, diltiazem)
Metoprolol is _____ selective.
Beta-1
How is heparin monitored?
PTT
Name 4 drugs a pt will be put on post-MI to improve long term prognosis and why.
- antiplatelet (reduce thrombosis) 2. ACEI (prevent LV remodeling and endothelial cell dys) 3. statin (reduce LDL, reverse endo cell dys) 4. beta blocker (prevent ischemia, prevent arrhythmias)
What do nitrates do to HR?
increase it
What drugs relieve ischemic pain?
nitrates and morphine
What is protamine?
the antidote for Heparin or LMWH OD
Anti-ischemic agents = ?
- beta blockers
- nitrates
What drug binds to ATIII to inactivate Xa?
LMWH
What is the difference btw unstable angina and NSTEMI?
the presence of serum biomarkers = NSTEMI
When would you decide to give a Ca++ blocker if the goal was to decrease myocardial O2 demand?
the pt cannot tolerate Beta-blockers
Verapamil and diltiazem work by _____.
blocking the L-type Ca++ channel (phase 0 in nodal cells, phase 2 in cardiomyocyte)
What are the 3 categories of antiplatelet agents? Examples?
- COX1 inhibitors (low dose aspirin) 2. ADP/P2Y12 inhibitors (clopidogrel/Plavix) 3. GIIb/IIIa inhibitors (eptifibatide, tirofiban, abciximab) *** IV only
What is an example of a direct thrombin (IIa) inhibitor?
dabigatran
Beta-blockers are not direct _____.
vasodilators
How does tPA work?
it activates plasminogen to plasmin, and plasmin lyses the clot
What are the contraindications for beta-blockers?
- excess bradycardia 2. severe heart block 3. Prinzmetal’s angina 4. asthma 5. concurrent Ca++ blockers
How do statins work?
decrease LDL = prevent infiltration that leads to atherosclerosis
How does LMWH work?
binds to ATIII to inactivate Xa
What is the antidote for Heparin or LMWH OD?
protamine
